• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.247-253
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to conduct phenology monitoring of forest plant species in Mt. JuWang National Park, thereby establish long-term prediction and management system for species susceptible to climate change, and utilize the result as basic materials necessary for conservation of plant genetic resources in accordance with changes in their growth environment. Global Positioning System coordinates were marked on each indicator species and a specific number ticket was provided to each plant. Changes in their blooming time, time of blossoms falling, time of leaves bursting into life, and time of leaves turning, and time of leaves falling were recorded. Investigation was made once per week from April 10 in 2010 to November 30 in 2011 except for the time period between July and August when investigation was made biweekly. The investigated plants concerned 12 kinds-nine species of trees and three kinds of herbs. According to the result of the penology monitoring of Mt. JuWang National Park, their time of leaves bursting into life, time of leaves turning, and time of leaves falling were largely earlier in 2011 than in 2010. However, it is hard to say that it is due to the factor of climate change. Long-term collection of climate data and continuous monitoring of plant phenology are considered necessary in order to examine correlation between climate change and seasonal change patterns of plants.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.540-561
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• 2011

지구온난화에 따른 한반도 식생구조의 변화에 맞추어 미황사 사찰림의 현 식생구조분석과 종다양성을 고려한 사찰림의 식생학적 구조분석과 적합한 식생구조 선정 및 관리를 위한 연구를 실시하였다. 본 연구는 식물사회학적 식생구조분석, 식생단위와 환경변수와의 상관관계, 생활형구조분석, 종다양성 분석 등을 실시하였다. 현 사찰림은 식물사회학적 식생구조 분석결과 졸참나무-굴참나무 군락, 붉가시나무군락, 팽나무군락의 식생단위로 구분되었으며, 환경변수 Ca, Mg, P 의 기준에 따라서 팽나무군락과 나머지 군락들(졸참나무-굴참나무군락과 붉가시나무군락)의 두 영역으로 분포하였다. 또한 환경변수 유기물(OM), Ni, Zn 에 따라서 졸참나무-굴참나무군락과 붉가시나무군락의 분포와 상관성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 졸참나무-굴참나무 군락과는 양의 상관관계를 붉가시나무군락과는 음의 상관관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 생활형 R1-2 식물인 조릿대가 관목층 이하에서 우점하고 있으며, 저층부의 종의 단순화를 이루고 있다. 종다양성은 졸참나무-굴참나무 군락이 붉가시나무 군락에 비하여 더 높게 나타났으며, 상록활엽수림으로 이루어진 남은사에 비해서 본 미황사 사찰림의 종다양성이 높게 나타났다. 식물사회학적 분석결과를 통한 식생군락, 조릿대에 의한 저층부 이하의 종의 단순화, 종다양성 및 종균재도를 고려한 미황사 사찰림의 장기적 식생관리가 필요하다 사료된다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.71-82
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• 2013

This study has been carried out with the purpose of coming up with suggestions for designation of domestic protection areas and improvement of their management through a comparative analysis of the systems of management of the protection areas in South Korea, Japan and China. Starting with the designation of natural reserves in 1962, South Korea has prepared legal systems for preserving ecosystems and biodiversity, while continuing to designate protected areas. As the state has so far monopolized the designation and management of all South Korean protection areas that take up 10.8% of its entire land area (as of Dec. 2011), with such persisting issues as multiple designations of one and the same area for protection, overlapping management authorities, and management of privately owned land in the protection areas. In Japan, which has protected area sizes and relevant legal systems similar to those in South Korea, the state provides the basic framework for management, while delegating most of the duties related to direct operation and management to specific municipalities. China, with an integrated administrative management of protected areas, has related government offices and municipalities responsible for the designation and management of individual protected areas. South Korea needs to provide a legally based support system that would further enhance the value of areal protection and contribute to the promotion of local economy and community.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.32-40
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• 2006

This study's objects are to suggest effective forest community-level management measures by identifying the vulnerable forest vegetation communities types to climate change through a comparative analysis with present forest communities identified and delineated in the Actual Vegetation Map. The methods of this study are to classify the climatic life zones based on the correlative climate-vegetation relationship for each forest vegetation community, the Holdridge Bio-Climate Model was employed. This study confirms relationship between forest vegetation and environmental factors using Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis. Then, the future distribution of forest vegetation are predicted derived factors and present distribution of vegetation by utilizing the multinomial logit model. The vulnerability of forest to climate change was evaluated by identifying the forest community shifts slower than the average velocity of forest moving (VFM) for woody plants, which is assumed to be 0.25 kilometers per year. The major findings in this study are as follows : First, the result of correlative analysis shows that summer precipitation, mean temperature of the coldest month, elevation, soil organic matter contents, and soil acidity (pH) are highly influencing factors to the distribution of forest vegetation. Secondly, the result of the vulnerability assessment employing the assumed velocity of forest moving for woody plants (0.25kmjyear) shows that 54.82% of the forest turned out to be vulnerable to climate change. The sub-alpine vegetations in regions around Mount Jiri and Mount Seorak are predicted to shift the dominance toward Quercus mongolica and Pinus densiflora communities. In the identified vulnerable areas centering the southern and eastern coastal regions, about 8.27% of the Pinus densiflora communities is likely to shift to sub-tropical forest communities, and 3.38% of the Quercus mongolica communities is likely to shift toward Quercus acutissima communities. In the vulnerable areas scattered throughout the country, about 8.84% of the Quercus mongolica communities is likely to shift toward Pinus densiflora communities due to the effects of climate change. The study findings concluded that challenges associated with predicting the future climate using RCM and the assessment of the future vulnerabilities of forest vegetations to climate change are significant.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.11-23
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• 2022

This study aims to systematically review the candidate types for OECMs suitable for domestic conditions in areas related to the Korea Forest Service in order to achieve the goal of establishing the protected areas and OECMs system required by Post-2020 GBF, and to provide basic data for the establishment of the national protected areas system. As a result of the study, the selection criteria for OECMs were presented, and it was found that arboretums·botanical gardens, Natural Recreation Forests, and air holes may correspond to the Candidate Types for OECMs. As a result of evaluating the possible areas for OECMs based on the OECMs selection criteria, in the case of arboretums·botanical gardens, it is judged that only conservation areas can be designated as OECMs, except for areas mainly used by visitors of arboretums·botanical gardens that fall under the BGCI conservation type among national and public arboretums·botanical gardens. However, private and school arboretums·botanical gardens have personal property ownership, so it was judged to have no effective measures to control activities that may adversely affect biodiversity, which showed limitations in designation of OECMs. Natural Recreation Forests was found to meet the OECMs selection criteria. However, private forests have personal property ownership, which limits the designation of OECMs. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the function of in-situ conservation in order to meet the OECMs for private and school arboretums·botanical gardens, and private forests that have personal property ownership. To this end, effective measures are needed to achieve biodiversity conservation outcomes, and it is judged that legal control and corresponding support policies (incentives) are needed. In the case of air holes, for sustainable conservation, the management boundary of air holes should be clearly defined based on the preparation of laws and guidelines related to air holes. In addition, it is judged that it is desirable to designate the competent local forest office as the management authority and conduct periodic detailed surveys of air holes, establish and implement the conservation plans based on those.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2016

본 연구는 경남지역 야계사방사업지의 적지적소를 판정하기 위해 사방댐 총 526개소와 계류보전시설 총 230개소의 기시공지 및 시공예정지를 대상으로 입지 및 임상, 수문조건을 분석하였다. 사방댐 시공지과 계류보전시설은 입지환경인자 중 퇴적암, 표고 201~400m, 경사 21~30°, 산사태위험등급 2등급인 곳에 가장 많이 시공되었고, 임상환경인자인 임상, 경급, 영급, 밀도 중 소경급, III영급 임분에서만 시공빈도가 유사하였다. 또한 사방댐의 크기 및 개소수를 결정하는 수문환경인자 중 유역면적의 경우 50ha 이하, 수계밀도 2.1~4.0km/㎢, 종장형 수계, 1시간당 최대강수량 61~90mm, 1일 최대강수량 201~300mm인 곳에서 가장 많이 시공되었다. 따라서 사방댐 시공지와 계류보전시설지 간의 입지 및 수문조건이 다소 유사한 것으로 추후 야계사방사업을 실시할 경우 산각붕괴 및 침식 발생위험이 높은 지역에 한해서는 사방댐과 계류보전시설의 병행이 가능한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.94-106
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• 2008

As populations inhabiting in natural ecosystem are fragmented by artificial barriers and habitats are destructed by development, extinction possibility of species is getting higher. It is necessary to design and to manage conservation areas and corridors considering animals' movement and migration for sustainable species diversity in present circumstances. 'Least-cost modeling' is one commonly employed approach in which dispersal costs are assigned to distinct habitat types and the last-costly dispersal paths among habitat patches are calculated using a geographical information system (GIS). This study aims to design ecological corridor using least-cost path method and to apply it to a regional ecological network considering movability of medium-large size mammals. This study was carried out over the metropolitan area, which has been deforested by rapid urbanization. Nevertheless there is connected with Gangwon province, Baekdudaegan mountain range and DMZ, considered where many forest species can migrate to this region. This study employs such an approach to develop least-cost path models for medium-large size mammals, have inhabited for this entire region. Considering those species, two forest areas as a source of species supply and forest areas more than 1,000ha are selected as focal forest areas. Movement and migration paths from species supply sources to focal forest areas are calculated by applying landscape permeability theory using land cover map, road density map and land slope map. Results showed least-cost paths from species supply sources to focal forest areas on two species. Wildcat and roe deer are different in some least-cost paths caused by their landscape permeability but paths show generally same specifics. The result of considering regional distribution of expected movement and migration paths to regional ecological network, low altitude mountains of western metropolitan area are evaluated important area for species connectivity. In national or regional levels ecological connectivity is essential to promote species diversity and to preserve integrated ecosystem. This study concludes that developing least-cost models from similar empirical data could significantly improve the utility of these tools.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2019년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.585-588
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• 2019

Predictions of Energy Consumption for Industries gain an important place in energy management and control system, as there are dynamic and seasonal changes in the demand and supply of energy. This paper presents and discusses the predictive models for energy consumption of the steel industry. Data used includes lagging and leading current reactive power, lagging and leading current power factor, carbon dioxide (tCO2) emission and load type. In the test set, four statistical models are trained and evaluated: (a) Linear regression (LR), (b) Support Vector Machine with radial kernel (SVM RBF), (c) Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), (d) random forest (RF). Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) are used to measure the prediction efficiency of regression designs. When using all the predictors, the best model RF can provide RMSE value 7.33 in the test set.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제100권3호
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• pp.466-475
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• 2011

본 연구는 산림전용정보와 GIS 정보를 상호 이용하여 산림전용지의 공간특성 분석과 함께 탄소배출량 파악을 목적으로 수행하였다. 최근 9년간(2000년부터 2008년까지) 산림에서 비산림으로 전용된 면적은 약 649 ha로, 연간 약 72 ha의 산림전용이 발생하였다. 행정구역 단위별 면적대비 전용발생률을 보면, 원주시는 약 0.74%로, 강원도 전용발생률보다는 0.34% 높게 나타났으나, 전국 전용발생률보다는 약 0.06%낮게 나타났다. 한편, 산림전용 목적별 형태는 행정구역 단위와 상관없이 유사하게 발생하였으며, 주거지, 기타 토지, 농경지, 초지의 순으로 나타났다. 또한, 산림전용은 기존 주택 및 건물로부터의 접근성이 도로로부터의 접근성보다 근접한 곳에서 발생하였으며, 300 m 기준으로는 약 1.2배정도 높게 발생하였다. 전체 산림전용발생의 70%는 0.5 ha미만의 지역에서 발생하였으며, 91%는 1 ha미만의 지역에서 발생하였다. 산림전용에 따른 총 탄소배출량은 약 23,424 tC이며, 연평균 2,603 tC로 나타났다. ha당 탄소배출량은 36.1 tC/ha로 나타났다. GIS에 의한 전용지의 공간특성을 파악함에 따라 Post-2012에 대비 온실가스 통계검증시스템 구축을 위한 기초적인 자료로서 유용하리라 생각된다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2021

본 연구는 산림청 소관 법령분석을 통해 법제도에 의해 양성되는 산림전문가를 고찰했다. 특히, 산림관련 법률의 변천과정과 산림전문가를 양성하는 법률을 파악하고, 산림정책 분야에 따른 산림전문 인재 양성에 관한 변화 및 특성을 규명했다. 그 결과, 산림산업 정책에 관한 산림전문가는 임야를 가지고 임업진흥을 위한 임업후계자와 산림산업 발전을 위한 기술능력을 갖춘 산림기술자가 있으며, 목재의 지속가능한 이용을 위한 법률 개정에 따라 목구조기술자, 목재등급평가사, 목재교육전문가를 별도로 양성하는 것으로 나타났다. 산림복지 정책에 관한 산림전문가는 산림에 설치하는 산림문화 휴양시설, 치유의 숲, 산림레포츠시설의 다양한 서비스를 제공하기 위해 전문 교육과정을 이수하는 산림전문가를 양성하는 것으로 밝혀졌으며, 산림복지전문가와 산림레포츠지도사가 있다. 산림복지전문가는 산림교육전문가와 산림치유지도사로 구분되며, 산림교육전문가는 숲해설가, 유아숲지도사, 숲길등산지도사로 구분하고 있다. 산림보호 정책에 관한 산림전문가는 수목원과 정원의 효율적 관리 및 전시를 위한 수목원·정원 전문가와 수목진료를 위한 나무의사와 수목치료기술자를 양성하는 것으로 나타났다. 나무의사와 수목치료기술자는 수목피해 진단 및 치료를 위한 나무병원업을 운영하기 위해 필요한 자격조건으로 밝혀졌다. 따라서 산림청은 임업 진흥 및 산림산업 발전과 수목진료를 위한 기술능력을 갖춘 산림전문가와 산림 내 문화·휴양·치료·보전 등의 시설에서 교육 및 복지 서비스를 제공하는 산림전문가를 양성하는 것으로 사료된다.