• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.58-63
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• 2017

Emergencies and disasters can happen any time without any warning, and things can change and escalate very quickly, and often it is swift and decisive actions that make all the difference. It is a responsibility of the building facility management to ensure that a proven evacuation plan in place to cover various worst scenario to handled automatically inside the facility. To mapping out optimal safe escape routes is a straightforward undertaking, but does not necessarily guarantee residents the highest level of protection. The emergency evacuation navigation approach is a state-of-the-art that designed to evacuate human livings during an emergencies based on real-time decisions using live sensory data with pre-defined optimum path finding algorithm. The poor decision on causalities and guidance may apparently end the evacuation process and cannot then be remedied. This paper propose a cloud connected emergency evacuation system model to react dynamically to changes in the environment in emergency for safest emergency evacuation using IoT based emergency exit sign system. In the previous researches shows that the performance of optimal routing algorithms for evacuation purposes are more sensitive to the initial distribution of evacuees, the occupancy levels, and the type and level of emergency situations. The heuristic-based evacuees routing algorithms have a problem with the choice of certain parameters which causes evacuation process in real-time. Therefore, this paper proposes an evacuee routing algorithm that optimizes evacuation by making using high computational power of cloud servers. The proposed algorithm is evaluated via a cloud-based simulator with different "simulated casualties" are then re-routed using a Dijkstra's algorithm to obtain new safe emergency evacuation paths against guiding evacuees with a predetermined routing algorithm for them to emergency exits. The performance of proposed approach can be iterated as long as corrective action is still possible and give safe evacuation paths and dynamically configure the emergency exit signs to react for real-time instantaneous safe evacuation guidance.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.4075-4082
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• 2011

In the event of the emergency patient care, cabin crew must take the charge of the first responder quickly. The basic emergency treatment knowledge of the cabin crew consisted of 80.5%~97.8% when the emergency scene showed up in the passenger and the types of emergency care with that the cabin crew could cope were bleeding control, fever, seizures, myocardial infarction, airway management, and partial airway obstruction management. Considering these cares, the improper emergency types revealed approximately 3.2%~20.0%. In airway obstruction there was followed by loss of consciousness and this led to cardiac arrest. In case of cardiac arrest, the cabin crew must know how to check breathing and to use the automated external defibrillator(AED). The life-threatening cardiac arrest can happen to any passenger in any time, so the cabin crew should meet with the emergency accident and apply the AED to the cardiac arrest victim.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.91-104
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• 2014

Purpose: This study aimed to confirm the effects of a simulation-based program on knowledge and clinical performance in the post-operative management of emergency patients. Methods: This was a pre- and post-research design with a nonequivalent control group and randomly sampled 29 experimental and control groups, respectively from nursing department juniors for 4 weeks from September of 2014. The experimental group received lectures, team study, team simulation, and debriefing in post-operative management of simulation-based emergency patients and control group conducted in the traditional lecture-type setting. Educational learning effects were measured by using the knowledge and clinical performance measurement tools of 15 and 20 items, respectively. Data were analyzed by using the SPSS program, including frequency, ratio, and results from the Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, t-test. Results: Our research results indicate that, the experimental group showed significantly higher knowledge and clinical performance score compared with the control group. Conclusion: We confirmed that education on post-operative management of simulation-based emergency patients was an effective educational method to improve the knowledge and clinical performance of nursing students.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.98-104
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• 2011

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of the trauma care system of our hospital, in which emergency physicians care for major trauma patients in the emergency intensive care unit (ICU) in consultation with intervention radiologists and surgeons. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study conducted in an emergency ICU of a tertiary referral hospital. We enrolled consecutive patients who had been admitted to our emergency ICU with major trauma from March 2007 to September 2010. We collected data with respect to demographic findings, mechanisms of injury, the trauma and injury severity score (TRISS), emergency surgery, angiographic intervention, and 6-month mortality. Then, we compared the observed and predicted survivals of the patients. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test and calibration plots by using 10 groups, one for each decile, of predicted mortality were used to evaluate the fitness of TRISS. P-values of greater than 0.05 represent a fair calibration. Results: Among 116 patients, 12 (10.34%) were dead within 6 months after admission to the ICU, and 29 (25.00%) and 38 (32.80%) patients received emergency surgery and angiographic intervention, respectively. The mean injury severity score and revised trauma score were $36.97{\pm}17.73$ and $7.84{\pm}6.75$, respectively. The observed survival and the predicted survival of the TRISS were 89.66% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 84.03~95.28%) and 69.85% (95% CI: 63.80~75.91%), respectively. The calibration plots showed that the observed survival of our patients was consistently higher than the predicted survival of the TRISS ($p$ <0.001). Conclusion: The observed survival for the trauma care system of our hospital, in which emergency physicians care for major trauma patients in the emergency ICU in consultation with intervention radiologists and surgeons, was higher than the predicted survival of the TRISS.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 1997

We have reviewed 2.876 patients who visited the emergency room from May, 1996 to september, 1996 in order to look for a more appropriate management of the emergency medical system. The result were summarized as followings; 1. Considering sexual distribution, male patients were 59.6% more than female patients 40.4% and according to age categories, first decade of life was most frequent. 2. Distribution according to ca use is most common for the disease 79.8%, and next injury and traffic accident is 11.6%, 6.8%, respectively. 3. According to the department distribution, pediatrics accounted for 37.4%, internal medicine 21.1%, and emergency medicine 10.0%, and these three departments was 66.3% of total number of patients. 4. 67.0% of patients visited emergency room were discharged. Arrived time in emergency room, patients of 41.9% was visited from 17 to 1 hours. 5. Among 196 patients of traffic accident, 160 were male(81.5%) and 36 were female (18.5%). Distribution of the age is most common in 3rd and 4th decade for 63.2%, and region of injury were face 33.3%, head 22.2%, and chest 22.2% and follow-up measures after visiting emergency room is most common transfer hospital 40.8%.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.90-95
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the toxicologic characteristics of two groups of patients with acute intoxication for two different time periods and to make recommendations based on the results of this study. Methods: We reviewed retrospectively the medical records of patients with acute intoxication in our emergency center from June 1997 to May 1998 (group A) and from June 2000 to May 2003 (group B), and we evaluated differences in the epidemiologic and the toxicologic characteristics between the two groups. Results: The ratios of the number of patients with acute intoxication to the total numbers of patients who visited our emergency department were $0.49\%$ and $0.52\%$ for groups A and B, respectively. In both groups many poisoned patients visited our emergency center from 4:00 pm to midnight. The interval between the time of intoxication and arrival at the hospital was significantly shorter in group B. The number of patients transferred to our emergency center was larger in group B. Attempted suicide was the major cause of acute intoxication in both groups. Major toxic substances in both groups were centrally active drugs and insecticides. The number of comatose and mechanically ventilated patients was larger in group B. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the mortality rates. Conclusion: Emergency physicians who manage intoxicated patients should recognize regional characteristics and differences in the toxicologic characteristics of poisoning. In addition, the establishment of a poisoning control center in the regional emergency center is necessary to integrate data control and to enhance specialized management of intoxicated patients.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.111-118
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• 2007

Purpose : It was to present strategies on activation of prehospital medical direction in Korea. Methods : This study was conducted by analysing some papers on prehospital medical direction and statistical data from the National Emergency Management Agency. Results : There was no active application of medical direction methods such as Priority Dispatch System, Pre-Arrival Instructions, System Status Management and no data on prehospital medical direction. To estimate direct medical control on emergency patients who were sorted by EMTs in 2006 was only 2.5%. Conclusion : To improve prehospital medical direction, it needed to applicate data collecting & using system and in-direct & direct medical control by medical doctor.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.105-112
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• 2019

Due to abnormal high temperature, electric power demand has exceeded the backup power reserved for emergency case, hence, resulting in a major power outage. In today's overcrowded cities, the unexpected disruption in energy supply and demand is a major threat to the enormous economic damage and urban malfunctions. Existing methods for estimating the demand of the emergency power source do not lend themselves to predict the actual demand in the spatial dimension of the city. In addition, the reserve power is arbitrarily distributed in the case of emergency. This paper presents a method that predicts the emergency power demand using the spatial distribution of emergency power demand by applying the daily energy consumption intensity and emergency power demand according to urban spatial information and building use.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.49-65
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• 2004

Ministry of Environment developed ‘Emergency Response Information System (ERIS)’ in 2001, which is in operation. As a next step, currently National Emergency Response Information System (NERIS) is being developed. The main difference among ERIS and NERIS is to enhance the system in the national level, including transportation of hazardous materials. This paper introduces concepts and methods applied to NERIS, especially HAZMAT, and the information system, operating strategies. Based on GIS and transportation-network data, the best route can be offered using Risk Analysis. Strategies for reporting and first-response information systems are also designed for emergencies in the paper.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.443-444
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• 2018

This study was to investigate the current educational situation for Basic Life Support (BLS) and perception on CPR related emergency situation and its relationship with basic nursing skill among undergraduate nursing students in Korea. Participants consider help from others are the most important elements in CPR situation, followed by the skills and knowledge. The majority of the subjects (79.7%) selected high and very high for the association between basic nursing skill and CPR management. The well systematized skill training may ultimately improve students' the ability to react on real-life accidents using well developed emergency management skills.