• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.23
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• pp.87-139
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• 2010

Unlike in the past, a new paradigm has been presented which the use of records is much more important than the preservation of those in the present. It will be necessary for users to signalizes the value of records and to make themselves easily accessible to records in order that records should be more effectively used. To meet the needs of the times, it is the very 'Contents' that starts to attract public attention. National Archives in England produces and provides contents utilizing multi-media by using digital technology on various sorts of archives which England has. In addition to England, Asian Historical Records center in Japan in Japan makes Archival Contents Service reflecting users' needs and continues to update the latest contents. What is more, National Archives of Korea has recently promoted the introduction of digital archive by the change of archival paradigm in records management, and it is giving an impetus to the development of contents in the digital archive. In fact, it is crucial to keep as many contents as possible and to give service to public, but it will not be possible to get positive response from public and to offer much higher level of archival information service until the quality of contents is highly improved. Accordingly, this manuscript analyzed the feature and type of contents which National Archives of Korea provides with cases of both TNA in England and Asian Historical Records center in Japan, each of which has different characteristics. Also, it dealt with several methods of the usage of contents in those organizations. Furthermore, this study explained what kind of contents and feedback are given to users. Moreover, it divided the components of contents of three institutions as mentioned into three by information provided and evaluated the quality of contents by establishing the details of contents. In addition, there were implications for archives with regard to reference for building contents.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.54
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• pp.111-150
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• 2017

This paper examines the current situation of sources on Korean Class B and C war criminals attached as civilians to the Japanese military during the Asian Pacific War charged with cruelly treating Allied POWs in Japanese POW camps, and also explores the possibility of a joint Korean-Japanese archive of these sources. The Japanese government agreed to the judgement of war crimes by accepting the terms of the Potsdam Declaration, and the Allied troops carried out the judgement of Class B and C war crimes in each region of Asia and the International Military Tribunal for the Far East (also known as the Tokyo Trials). However, many non-Japanese such as Koreans and Taiwanese from the Japanese colonies were prosecuted for war crimes. The issues of reparations and restoring their reputations were ignored by both the Korean and Japanese governments, and public access to their records restricted. Most records on Korean Class B and C war criminals were transferred from each ministry to the National Archives of Japan. The majority are copies of the judgements of war crimes by the Allied nations or records prepared for the erasure of Japanese war crimes after each department operated independently of the Japanese government. In the case of the Diplomatic Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, such records focused mostly on their war crimes and the transfer of B and C war criminals within Japan and the diplomatic situation. In the case of Korea and Taiwan, these records were related to the negotiations on the repatriation of Class B and C war criminals. In addition, the purpose of founding of the Japan Center for Asian Historical Records and its activities demonstrate its tremendous utility as a facility for building a joint Korea-Japan colonial archive. Thus, the current flaws of the Japan Center for Asian Historical Records should be improved on in order to build a such a joint archive in the future.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.215-220
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• 2022

Background In Japan, there is a large regional disparity in plastic surgery availability. In order for plastic surgery to be widely available for all citizens, it is essential for at least one plastic surgery facility to be located in each secondary medical zone. Methods Using the Japan Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery homepage and some databases, we extracted data on secondary medical zones that do not have a plastic surgery facility. The national and regional coverage rates were calculated. The coverage rate for each group divided by the degree of population concentration was also calculated. Results We found that 147 of 344 secondary medical zones did not have a plastic surgery facility, and the area coverage rate was found to be 57.27% nationwide. The coverage rate in terms of population was 87.07% (correlation coefficient of area and population coverage = 0.983). The area coverage rates in Hokkaido-Tohoku, Kanto, Chubu, Kansai, Chugoku-Shikoku, and Kyushu-Okinawa districts were 47.46, 72.15, 76.47, 62.79, 52.08, and 32.81%, respectively. The corresponding population coverage rates were 79.92, 91.62, 94.27, 90.59, 80.68, and 69.54%, respectively. The area coverage rates in metropolitan areas, provincial cities, and rural areas were 98.08, 75.90, and 15.87%, respectively. In contrast, the area coverage rate of dermatology was 62.79% and that of orthopaedics was 97.09%. Conclusion Unfortunately, it is estimated that more than 40% of secondary medical zones are underserved by plastic surgery, and 13% of the population is not able to fully benefit from this specialty in Japan.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.63
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• pp.227-268
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• 2020

Microfilm has been used as an important media for enhancing the long term preservation and improving access to records. However, because of technological changes, there have been discussion about whether we should keep using microfilm. This paper presents survey results to review the preservation methods such as microfilming and digitization. The content is organized according to the trends found in the survey from six archives and libraries, including Germany, France, the United Kingdom, and Japan. Moreover, we refer to other papers from the USA and Japan to require further review if we can accept digitized records as the original records, etc. The rest consists of four parts: the use of microfilm as a storage media for preservation, the authenticity of digitized records, the management of records on microfilm, and the preservation of electronic media. Finally, we would like to suggest the way to improve preservation systems and digitize records more widely.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.261-281
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• 2014

In light of the recent advancement in networking and information technology, the direct information request through website has increasingly proven to be the preferred means over visiting physical archives. Thus, the proper utilization of a communication tool capable of sufficiently capturing user feedback and requests is an absolute necessity. This paper examines the availability and utilization of alternative user participatory communication tools in government websites with particular focus on the archives in South Korea, the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, China, and Japan. In assessing the use of alternative user participatory communication tools in these archives, we examined the availability of communication mediums other than the online forums, email, and telephone with particular focus on social media tools that may offer a degree of familiarity for the user. Our research indicates that the most frequently utilized social media tool is Facebook while the archive offering the greatest variety of alternative user participatory communication tools was the United States archive.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.11 no.3 s.31
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• pp.7-19
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• 2002

Architectural Bureau(建築所, Kunchukso) that Imperial Japan set up in the Dept. of Treasury (度支部, Takjibu) executed many construction works from Oct. 1906 to Aug. 1910. In the meantime, this bureau produced many architectural records. But they were hardly preserved. Because Imperial Japan disposed the architectural records which had the historical value in according to the legal and administrative criteria. Nevertheless, it is important to inquiry precisely the architectural records considerating that the buildings that Architectural Bureau made were the products of government initiated construction and its activities influenced those of similar architectural bureaus after 1910. The results are summarized as follows : First, Architectural Bureau put through all processes from plan, design, executation to examination. Second, Architectural Bureau were producted many architectural records which cotained not only drawings but also various types of documents. Third, Architectural Bureau applied the preservation method at the first time in order to control buildings. Therefore, we can verify many informations that the drawings didn't give by analyzing the architectural records. In conclusion, we can establish the foundation that clarify the facts of buildings under the rule of Japan Imperialism and grasp the meanings if we raise the value of records and draw up the use plan by seeking new the architectural records and dividing them into the several groups on the production organizations.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.30
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• pp.205-247
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• 2011

The Public Records and Archives Management Law was enacted on June 24, 2009 and was in effect in April 1, 2011. This Act is different from existing Public Archives Law and National Archives Law. Before enacting Public Records and Archives Management Law, Public Archives Law and Information Disclosure Law was the backbone of Japanese Public Records management system. Public Archives Law is composed of management and access for non-active records in Public Archives. Information Disclosure Law is prescribed management of active-records in administrative agency. Public Records and Archives Management Law is the first comprehensive law of managing administrative records including historical records (nonactive-records). The law is prescribed that the public records and archives are intellectual resources shared by citizens and allows people to have more access to them. The law states that public records is basis of democracy and accountability for current and future generation. This article analyzed the relationship of law and its implementing ordinance and Guideline of administrative public records management, and analyzed the law and record-schedule. Furthermore, this article examined significance of the law and democracy, administration's transparency. In accordance with enacting the law, Japanese Public Records Management System will develop. and we must pay close attention to that situation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.55-86
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• 2015

This paper aims to interrogate the layered and dependent structure of the modern and official document management in Korea and Japan from 1894 to 1910. The focus of its study is on documents related with the strategic infrastructure construction in Jeonbuk Province through an analysis from the perspective of historic archival studies. For this study, the chosen period was when Japanese imperialists were on their way to seize the Korean official archival system. As such, our objects are the documents connected with the institution of the Japanese resident-general system in Korea and its infrastructural constructions as part of Japan's war plans of invading the continent. Among others, we examined the documents of the strategic infrastructure construction around Jeonju in Jeonbuk Province by Imperial Japan, in order to wage the Sino-Japanese War and subdue the Donghak Peasant Revolution. More specifically, we illuminate the sources and organization of the approval of the original documents in a higher level that is relevant to the determination of political, financial, and personnel matters, which were designed for the Japanese governmental rule over Korea from the era of the Gabo Reform to the period of the Japanese resident-generals, as well as analyze the actual states of the official documents ina lower level, which were drawn up by Korean government and the resident-general. Consequently, this paper suggests that official Korean archival system at this time must be understood under the context of a layered and dependent structure within the vertical connections between Korea and Japan, and not from the point of view of a national history.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.61-79
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the three aspects of the construction and common use of old document DB in the foreign countries: i) the processing of old documents, ii) the problem and improvement of DB systems of old documents. and iii) the common use of old document DB. Results from this research are as follows: The National Library of Korea(NLK) copied old documents in the foreign countries from 1982 to 2006 and published the brief catalog. The Reogang Publishing company issued four volumes catalogs of old document in Japan. The National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage(NRICH) investigated old books and published some catalogs of several organizations in Japan. America. France. and all. The National Institute of Korean History(NIKH) investigated old archives and published some catalogs of several organizations in Japan. The characteristics of the Korean Old and Rare Collection Information System(KORCIS) of the NLK, the Old Books Cultural Heritage in Overseas System of the NRICH. and the Korea History DB System and MF Catalog/ Image System of NIKH were described in the DB systems of old documents, the problems of DB systems were checked over and some alternatives were suggested. In the common use of old document DB, KORMARC format and description rules(draft) for archives should be revised to adopt a new standard such as KS editions. and all the institutes involved should thoroughly follow the standards. when creating bibliographic records and digitizing texts. It is necessary to educate and train the specialists of old documents. A government organization should be established to supervise all the procedures of developing technology for sharing digitized resources. using contents. and cooperating with the related internationl organizations and institutes.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.441-445
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• 2002

Three naphthalene glycosides (1-3), four flavonoids (4-7), and two galloyl glycosides (8-9) were isolated from the stem-bark of Juglans mandshurica (Juglandaceae). Their structures were determined by chemical and spectral means, including to 2D-NMR (COSY, HMQC, and HMBC) experiments. Amongst the isolated compounds, taxifolin (4) showed the most potent HIV-induced cytopethic activity against MT-4 cells with complete inhibitory concentration ($IC_{100}$) value of $25{\;}{\mu\textrm{g}}/ml$ and maximum cytotoxic concentration ($CC_{100}$) value of above $100{\;}{\mu\textrm{g}}/ml$. However, naphthalene glycosides (1-3), flavonoids (5-7)), and galloyl tannins (8-9) were inactive against anti-HIV-1 activity.