• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.1281-1283
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• 2014

Background: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a rare malignancy characterized by high invasiveness and poor survival. In a nation-wide cancer survey, the age-standardized incidence rate of GBC was the highest in Jeju Island compared to 15 other provinces in Korea. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of GBC according to the nature of diagnosis, that is, incidental versus non-incidental. Materials and Methods: Consecutive patients who were newly diagnosed with GBC at the Digestive Disease Center and Department of Internal Medicine, Cheju Halla General Hospital, between November 2008 and November 2011, were enrolled and divided into 2 groups: incidental gallbladder cancer (IGBC) and non-incidental gallbladder cancer (NIGBC). Clinical outcomes were retrospectively compared between the two groups. Results: Seventy-nine patients were enrolled and analyzed in our study. Thirty-three (41.8%) and 46 (58.2%) were identified as IGBC and NIGBC, respectively. The proportions of patients with gallstone disease, gallbladder polyp, and cholecystectomy were significantly different between the two groups. Additionally, the median survival rate was significantly higher for patients with IGBC than for those with NIGBC (11.4, 95% confidence interval, 5.6-13.7 vs 4.0, 95% confidence interval 3.03-5.96 months; p=0.01) during a median follow-up period of 5.7 months. Conclusions: Patients with IGBC showed better clinical prognosis than those with NIGBC. Therefore, patients with gallstone disease or gallbladder polyps, major predictive risk factors for IGBC, should undergo advanced work-up for chelecystectomy.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제42권
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• pp.79-106
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• 2008

이 연구는 제17대 대통령선거 과정에서 미디어 정치에 대한 유권자의 인식을 조사하고 대중매체가 유권자의 후보인식에 미치는 영향에 대하여 제3자 효과를 중심으로 온라인 서베이를 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 미디어가 후보자의 이미지 형성에 미친 영향의 정도에서 제3자 효과가 검증되었으며, 신문, TV, 인터넷과 같은 각 매체가 후보자 선택에 미치는 영향에서도 제3자 효과가 다르게 나타났다. 후보자 선택에서는 신문의 영향력이 큰 것으로 나타났고, 후보 이미지 형성에서는 TV가 상대적으로 영향력이 크게 나타났다. 또 다른 주목할 만한 연구결과는 이명박, 정동영, 이회창 후보의 지지자는 후보 이미지 속성에 따라 지지여부와 달리 이미지 속성별로 다른 후보를 높게 평가함으로써 용모와 말솜씨, 도덕성과 같은 일부 이미지 속성이 유권자의 투표행위에 직접적인 영향을 주지 않았음을 시사하고 있다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.105-114
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• 2002

In this study, the Korean Gastric Cancer Association collected 12,152 gastric cancer patients (5,380 in 1995, 6,772 in 1999) from 29 hospitals. Twelve clinicopathological factorssex, age, operation date, tumor location, size, operation method, gross type of early gastric cancer, Borrmann type, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, stage-were summarized in a database file and analyzed. Chronological change has been evaluated between the patients in 1995 and those in 1999. Proportion of early gastric cancer has been increased from $28.6\%$ in 1995 to $32.8\%$ in 1999. The UICC staging was $25.3\%$ (1995), $29.3\%$ (1999) for stage Ia, $12.7\%,\;13.9\%$, for stage Ib, $15.7\%,\;14.8\%$, for stage II, $15.2\%,\;13.2\%$, for stage IIIa, $8.2\%,\;6.3\%$, for stage IIIb, and $20.1\%,\;18.1\%$, for stage IV. The operation of each year was subtotal gastrectomy ($67.6\%,\;67.3\%$), total gastrectomy ($26.6\%,\;24.1\%$), proximalgastrectomy ($0.3\%,\;3.6\%$), wedge resection ($0.1\%,\;0.5\%$), bypass surgery ($2.3\%,\;1.8\%$), and open biopsy ($3.1\%,\;2.7\%$). In early gastric cancer, type IIc was the most common ($44.5\%$ in 1995, $42.8\%$ in 1999). The incidence of upper one-third cancer was slightly increased in 1999 ($12.5\%$) than 1995 ($11.2\%$), which is reflected in the increased prox-imal gastrectomy in 1999 (207 cases, $3.6\%$). There was no significant difference between either groups regarding the regional differences.

• 한국인구학
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.59-77
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• 2003

이 논문은 노후 경제적 자원이 노인의 성에 따라 어떠한 차이가 있는지를 경험적으로 살펴보려는 의도를 가진다. 이를 위해 노후의 자립적 수입원 보유여부와 수입액을 중심으로 성에 따라 개인적 수준과 가족 및 가구 수준의 변수들이 어떠한 차별적 효과를 가지는지를 살펴보았다. '전국 노인생활실태 및 복지욕구조사(1998)' 자료를 이용해 남녀노인전체를 대상으로 한 모형과 남녀노인별 모형을 동시에 분석해 본 결과 노인들의 성에 따라 그 효과의 크기나 방향이 다른 변수들이 적지 않음을 확인하였다. 특히 두드러진 성별 차이를 보이는 변수들은 배우자유무. 자녀동거여부이다. 배우자유무의 경우. 이 변수가 경제적 자원과 긍정적인 관계를 맺는 정도는 남성노인보다는 여성노인에게서 높게 나타났다. 또한 자녀동거여부는 남성노인들에서는 자신들의 경제적 자원과 무관하거나 긍정적인 관계를 갖는 반면, 여성노인에 있어서는 부정적인 관계를 보였다. 이는 여성노인들의 배우자에 대한 의존성과 자녀에 대한 의존성을 반영하는 것이다. 이러한 결과들은 노인들의 성에 따라 이들의 개인적 혹은 가족 및 가구적 특성이 그들의 경제적 자원상황과 다른 방식으로 연결되어 있음을 보여주며, 노인들의 성에 따라 차별적으로 작용하는 기제, 혹은 주요변인들에 대한 보다 많은 논의와 연구가 필요함을 의미한다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.55-76
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• 1999

In order to understand the local council members' attitudes to the health policy, we conducted mail surveys using self-administered questionaire for 2 months(February and March. 1995). The study subjects were 2.312 local council members in Korea, but only about 11% among whom. 257 persons, responded to 2 times mail survey. This response rate revealed that the local council members was not interested in health care fields. The main results were as follows; The respondents thought that the economic and income development was most important among 15 regional policy agendas and the health care was the 5th or 7th important agenda. They. who had more health needs of and poor access to health care, tended to think that the health care was more important. They considered lobbying to and persuading the civil servants as the best method to tackle the local health care policy agenda. The respondents, who had poor access to health care facilities. tended to set the highest priority for the expansion of public and private health care resources. They expected that the election of local governor would activate the public health program more than thought that the program was implemented more actively than other region. The main opinion of respondents was that the central government had to take over planning and financing for the public health program, and the basic local government had to implment the program and budgeting. The majority of respondents agreed the private dominant medical care delivery system and nation-wide uniformed financing mechanism. Over 60% of them suggested that they were ready to suffer environmental pollution inducing health hazards for the purpose of regional economic and income development. About 75% of them favour the campaign for antismoking regardless of reducing local government's revenue from sale tax.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.316-324
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• 1999

중국에서 약용식물은 서양의학과 동등한 수준으로 인간의 건강증진과 유지 및 치료를 위해 매우 중요한 역할을 수행하고 있는데 본 논문에서는 중국에서 약용식물의 산업적 발달에 관해서 간략히 고찰하였다. 현계 중국에서 약용식물로 이용되고 있는 식물은 11, 118종에 달한다. 이들 약용식물이 가공되지 않고 천연산물로 이용되는 연간 총 생산액은 60억달러에 달하며 조제형태로 이용되는 총 생산액은 30억달러에 달한다. 지금까지 약용식물로부터 100여종 이상의 신약이 개발되었으며 천연자원에 의존하려는 세계적인 추세를 감안한다면 약용식물의 중요성은 더욱 증대할 것이며 산업적 개발이 인류의 건강을 유지하는데 결정적 역할을 할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.2667-2676
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• 2013

본 연구는 청소년이 인지하는 스트레스, 우울 및 자살생각을 확인하고 일반적 특성에 따른 차이와 부모의 사회경제적 지위에 영향 요인을 파악하기 위한 서술적 조사연구이다. 본 연구 자료는 질병관리본부의 2009년도 국민건강 영양조사 원시자료 중 건강 설문조사 부분을 응답한 청소년 904명이다. 수집된 자료는 빈도와 백분율, 교차분석, 다변량 로지스틱 회귀분석을 이용하여 검정하였다. 본 연구의 결과 우울과 자살사고의 경우에서 사회경제적 수준이 낮은 집단에서 더 높은 분포를 보였고, 스트레스의 경우는 사회경제적 수준이 높은 세대주의 자녀의 경험비율이 그 외의 집단에 비해서 높은 수치를 보였다. 우울과 자살생각을 주요결과로 한 분석모형에서는 부모의 직업 상태에 따라 차이가 있었다. 자살생각에 대한 위험요인으로는 어머니의 교육수준과 기초생활수급가족 여부도 포함되었다. 본 논문의 분석방법을 통해 국가표본조사 데이터를 이용하여 자살을 예방하고 우울, 스트레스를 감소시키기 위한 개별 및 집단 상담, 정규 교육 프로그램의 개발과 적용이 요구되며, 청소년 개인의 건강행태 뿐만 아니라 부모의 정보를 바탕으로 하는 위험 집단 선별과 가정내 환경요인 중재를 강화하는 연구에 기여할 수 있다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.850-862
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• 2007

This study was carried out to survey the actual conditions of wastewater treatment facilities to obtain basic data for the management of wastewater from industrial complexes in Chungcheongnam-do province. Wastewater production flow per site area by watersheds was $49.2m^3/km^2/d$ for Sapgyoho, $8.1m^3/km^2/d$ for Anseongcheon, $5.7m^3/km^2/d$ for Seohae, and $2.9m^3/km^2/d$ for Geumgang. Sapgyoho showed 75% of the total production flow, which was the highest value, Geumgang showed 4% of total flow, which was the lowest value. Average total extra rate as production flow/capacity flow in the wastewater treatment facilities for industrial complex is 49%. Considering by watersheds, the extra rates of Seohae, Geumgang, Anseongcheon, and Sapgyoho, are 73%, 65%, 62%, and 33% respectively. This means that the design of capacity flow in wastewater treatment facilities was too large. Effluent concentration of wastewater treatment facilities did not exceed discharge limit mostly. The removal efficiency rate for water quality item was 90% in BOD, 70% in COD, 80% in SS, 30 to 80% in TN, and 20 to 90% in TP, so the organic removal was good, but the nutrient removal was low and interval of variation was high. The removal efficiency rate of the agricultural was industrial complexes is lower than the national and local complexes. The construction cost of the wastewater treatment facilities in Chungcheongnam-do was $1,756Won\;per\;m^3$, treatment cost was $189Won\;per\;m^3$, and they were about two times and 1.2 times higher than the nation-wide cost, respectively. The treatment cost consists of 39% for man power, 21% for chemical, 16% for power, 11% for sludge treatment, and 13% for others.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2012

Medullary sponge kidney disease (MSK)는 신장 수질 피라미드부위에서 야기되는 희귀질환으로 collecting precalyceal duct의 낭종성 확장(dilatation)과 ectasia을 특징으로 한다. MSK 환자의 발생 빈도에 대해서는 명확히 알려진 바가 없으며, 특히 소아 청소년 연령에서는 매우 드물게 발견된다. 연구자들은 국내 소아신장학회 회원들을 대상으로 MSK 환자의 전수 조사를 실시하였고 현재까지 문헌상으로 보고된 관련 유전자들인 GDNF, ATP6V1B1, ATP6V0A4 유전자에 대한 분석을 실시하였기에 이를 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국디지털정책학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.127-143
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• 2007

As the informationized society develops, for companies to be industrially competitive in global competition, innovation of business administration through informationization is a nation-wide task that must be driven. Small-to-mid size companies also tend to recognize the need for informationization and build the information systems, improving their informationization levels. To reduce errors in bringing in and running the information systems and increase efficiency In using them, the need for the standard and guide for informationization in small-to-mid size companies has increased. Accordingly, the national office of small and medium business administration has developed the informationized management system (IMS) certification standard in order to provide a national motive to secure the means for management innovation of small-to-mid size companies and have them recognize informationization as a business strategy. Now, there arises the need for the IMS certification standard, which was developed in early 2000, due to changes in environments of small-and-medium businesses and problems that have been revealed in field applications. In this research, we have examined the current situations of informationization in small-and-medium businesses that were revealed by the 2005 survey on the levels of informationization in small and medium business, have drawn the problems that have occurred in the process of applying the IMS in many small-to-mid size companies, have devised the measures against those problems, and have proposed a new IMS certification standard that reflects those measures. This research has proposed only the direction for development of the IMS certification standard. Future researches should deal with detailed items and criteria for evaluation and continuous improvement of them.