• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.1-16
• /
• 2021

Background and objective: People-nature experiences, which suggest that humans seek connections between nature and other forms of life, were presented by biologist E. O. Wilson in 1984. Biophilic design attributes support environments that can improve human connections to nature. A significant amount of literature on environmental psychology provides empirical evidence that nature benefits humans, and that practical landscape and built environments can be designed to link humans and nature (e.g., the 14 biophilic design patterns). To date, however, there has been no well-done research on reviewing the health benefits of biophilic design. Methods: The paper provides a narrative review on biophilic design and human health. The scope of this article is limited to biophilic-design books and peer-review articles related to "biophilic design," "evidence-based," "benefits," "health," rather than an attempt to identify universal issues with biophilia hypothesis. Results: A total of 45 papers were included in our review, which was related to the top five biophilic design patterns and design: the presence of natural images, the presence of plants, visual and non-visual connections to nature, and material connection with nature. These studies were related to physiology and psychology through direct or indirect connections with nature and experiences in space and place. Conclusion: This study presents two important comparisons of the empirical research on biophilic design and human health that can explain the relationship of people-nature experiences to biophilic design and human health and provides insights into related researches and recommendations for future application of our findings.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.44 no.6
• /
• pp.1118-1138
• /
• 2023

Objectives: Sarcopenia is an age-associated skeletal muscle disorder that can profoundly impact the health of elderly people. However, the efficacy of herbal medicine in sarcopenia is uncertain. This review aims to investigate evidence of the effect of herbal medicine on sarcopenia. Methods: We systematically searched 12 electronic databases for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Only trials that met the inclusion criteria were selected, and the characteristics of the included studies were extracted and synthesized in a narrative manner. The quality of the included studies was assessed using Cochrane's Risk of Bias (RoB) 2.0 tool. Results: 7 RCTs involving 672 participants with sarcopenia met the inclusion criteria. The intervention combining herbal medicine and conventional treatment (i.e., exercise, nutritional support) had a significant therapeutic effect compared with the conventional treatment, showing improvement in muscle strength (i.e., grip strength), muscle mass (i.e., appendicular skeletal muscle mass index), and physical function (i.e., gait speed, short physical performance battery, and timed up and go test). However, the methodological quality of the included RCTs was relatively low due to their high RoB, making it difficult to evaluate the efficacy of herbal medicine in sarcopenia. In terms of safety, several adverse events were reported. Conclusion: This review suggests that herbal medicine has a positive effect on muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical performance in elderly patients with sarcopenia, but there is a clear need for further research in this area.

• Asian review of World Histories
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.3-34
• /
• 2016

This introduction is both a statement of a research problem and an account of the first research results for its solution. As more historical databases come online and overlap in coverage, we need to discuss the two main issues that prevent 'big' results from emerging so far. Firstly, historical data are seen by computer science people as unstructured, that is, historical records cannot be easily decomposed into unambiguous fields, like in population (birth and death records) and taxation data. Secondly, machine-learning tools developed for structured data cannot be applied as they are for historical research. We propose a complex network, narrative-driven approach to mining historical databases. In such a time-integrated network obtained by overlaying records from historical databases, the nodes are actors, while thelinks are actions. In the case study that we present (the world as seen from Venice, 1205-1533), the actors are governments, while the actions are limited to war, trade, and treaty to keep the case study tractable. We then identify key periods, key events, and hence key actors, key locations through a time-resolved examination of the actions. This tool allows historians to deal with historical data issues (e.g., source provenance identification, event validation, trade-conflict-diplomacy relationships, etc.). On a higher level, this automatic extraction of key narratives from a historical database allows historians to formulate hypotheses on the courses of history, and also allow them to test these hypotheses in other actions or in additional data sets. Our vision is that this narrative-driven analysis of historical data can lead to the development of multiple scale agent-based models, which can be simulated on a computer to generate ensembles of counterfactual histories that would deepen our understanding of how our actual history developed the way it did. The generation of such narratives, automatically and in a scalable way, will revolutionize the practice of history as a discipline, because historical knowledge, that is the treasure of human experiences (i.e. the heritage of the world), will become what might be inherited by machine learning algorithms and used in smart cities to highlight and explain present ties and illustrate potential future scenarios and visionarios.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.290-293
• /
• 2020

Several modalities that have been used in Korean medicine have not undergone evaluation. The Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), a South Korean national research agency, launched the Korean medicine case Report (KORE) program in May 2019 to promote case reports, especially among clinicians. The aim was to (1) introduce the KIOM-initiated KORE program, (2) report the results from the KORE program, and (3) present the challenges and limitation from the KORE program. We conducted a narrative review of the cases to which KORE was applied. A total of 16 proposals were reviewed since May 2019. Five proposals were rejected, and 7 case reports were included. Case reports for 3 therapies have been created under guidance. The KORE program makes it easier for Korean medicine doctors to initiate and complete case reports.

• Asian review of World Histories
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.171-200
• /
• 2015

At its simplest, this essay provides a narrative of migration in Asia since the arrival of Homo sapiens some 70,000 years ago. More fully, it presents the case for conducting long-term, world-historical interpretation for Asia with attention to multiple perspectives, which has become increasingly central to global historical analysis. Following an introductory articulation of the benefits of long-term interpretation, the second section presents a balance of three perspectives-empire, exchange, and migration-as frameworks for interpreting the Asian past. The third section presents further detail on migration in long-term Asian history. The concluding section identifies four changes in patterns of migration during the past two centuries and emphasizes the underlying importance of cross-community migration in long-term human biological and social evolution.

• Asian review of World Histories
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.201-218
• /
• 2015

World history today has been greatly influenced by the fact that it was the revolution in naval power during the past two centuries that made the world truly global. This has led to a new master narrative that re-framed five millennia of recorded history in order to explain the ultimate triumph of the maritime economies. The result of such revision is to underestimate and distort the role of continental Eurasia in the shaping of the three key civilizations that developed independently and remain distinct: the Mediterranean, the Indic and the Sinic. Only by a fuller reappraisal of the linkages of trade and war dominated by the Eurasian central forces for most of history can we understand the global pressures perennially at work. By setting the continental and the maritime in their total historical context and recognizing their importance today, we can better explain what is happening and what is likely to continue to influence the course of world history.

• East Asian mathematical journal
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.515-535
• /
• 2020

The 2015 revised mathematics curriculum had newly introduced the term 'process-focused assessment'. The official document, however, did not offer an explicit definition of the new term, but only by virtue of narrative. This has encouraged practitioners and researchers to figure out themselves what it is and how it differs from those in use, formative assessment and performance assessment in particular, in use. In consequence, many versions of interpretation, all of which are not necessarily consistent, have been developed and implemented in schools, This, in turn, still has created a chaotic situation carrying out the process-focused assessment. This study attempted to make the meaning of the process-focused assessment more explicit by conducting a comprehensive review of the related literature, for implementing it in its intended way.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.457-466
• /
• 2005

The main narrative of Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice deals with a dispute over the matter of bond in regard to moneylending, and its consequences upon the eventual default. Only the clever interference of a lawyer or judge brings the crisis to an end. In solving his dispute over the bond between Antonio, the merchant of Venice, and Shylock, the money lender and a Jew, Shakespeare offers one of the most famous trial scenes in literature. This trial scene presents the art of arbitration by Portia who was disguised as a Doctor of Law and sheds light on the nature of law, justice, equity, and divine law. What one cannot overlook in this trial scene is the importance of reading ability. After all, interpretation is the next stage of reading. Drawing just verdicts and wise arbitration while at the same time deconstructing the implicit violence and incongruity in law is based on ceaseless effort of analytic and creative act of reading.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.93-97
• /
• 2017

The sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) is a parasympathetic ganglion, located in the pterygopalatine fossa. The SPG block has been used for a long time for treating headaches of varying etiologies. For anesthesiologists, treating postdural puncture headaches (PDPH) has always been challenging. The epidural block patch (EBP) was the only option until researchers explored the role of the SPG block as a relatively simple and effective way to treat PDPH. Also, since the existing evidence proving the efficacy of the SPG block in PDPH is scarce, the block cannot be offered to all patients. EBP can be still considered if an SPG block is not able to alleviate pain due to PDPH.

• International Journal of Contents
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.24-29
• /
• 2008

In 1920s, Soviet silent films enjoyed unprecedentedly great prosperity throughout world film history. Particularly, Dziga Vertov could develop 'montage' in collaboration with Sergei Eisenstein and thereby could work as the engines behind development and leap of Soviet films toward 'new concepts' of 'new films' worldwide. However, Vertov's original reputations - the best film theorist and avant-gardist as well as great cineaste in his contemporary age - have been misunderstood or underestimated, so that he has been still misestimated or distorted as radical formalist and documentary propagandist. In regard to these points, this study aims to take Gilles Deleuze's modal esthetic approaches to further considering and historically re-highlighting D. Vertov's film theories that are based on the principle of 'film-reality' and the concept of 'Life As It Is' according to 'kino-eye' method and 'interval' theory as a part of futurism and constructivism breaking down any attribute of traditional narrative films.