• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2006년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
• /
• pp.16-19
• /
• 2006

Humin is the insoluble fraction of humic materials and play an important roles in the irreversible sorption of hydrophobic organic contaminants onto soil particles. However, there have been limited knowledge about the sorption and chemical properties of humin due to the difficulties in its separation from the inorganic matrix(mainly clays and oxides). In this study, do-ashed humin was isolated from a soil sample after removing free lipid and alkali-soluble humic fractions followed by dissolution of mineral matrix with 2% HF, and characterized by elemental analysis, C-13 NMR spectroscopic method. Sorption behavior of 1-naphthol with humin was also investigated from aqueous solution. C-13 NMR spectra indicate that humin molecules are mainly made up of aliphatic carbon including carbohydrate, methylene chain etc.. Sorption intensity for 1-naphthol was increased as organic carbon content of humin increased and log Koc values for the 1-naphthol sorption were determined to be ${\sim}3.12$

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한예방의학회 2004년도 제56차 추계 학술대회 연제집
• /
• pp.59.3-60
• /
• 2004

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제24권11호
• /
• pp.1705-1707
• /
• 2003

• 콘크리트학회지
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.85-91
• /
• 1994

앞 선 연구에서는 나프탈렌과 나프톨을 혼합 또는 단독으로 술폰화하고 이들을 포름알데히드와 반응시켜 축합물을 합성하였다. 본 연구에서는 이들 축합물의 시멘트 혼화제로서의 성능을 조사하기 위해 시멘트 모르터의 플로우 및 강도 시험을 행하였다. 플로우 시험의 결과, 나프톨 단독 축합물(TSC) 및 나프탈렌 공축합물(NT5)을 첨가한 시멘트 모르터의 플로우 값은 합성 나프탈렌 단독 축합물(NSS)을 첨가한 시멘트 모르텅의 플로우값 보다 큰 값을 나타냈다. 28일 압축 강도 시험에서는 나프탈렌 공축합물(NT5)를 첨가한 경화시멘트 모르터가 나프탈렌(NSS)또는 나프톨 단독 축합물(TSC)을 첨가한 경우보다 약 10% 높은 강도를 나타냈다. 이상의 결과로부터, 본 연구에서 사용한 나프탈렌계 고성능감수제(NT5, TSC)는 콘크리트용의 고성능 감수제로서 크게 기대되어 진다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.19-30
• /
• 1984

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of autohydrolysis and extraction conditions on the separation of the chemical substances, the extractability of lignin by dioxane, and the yield of reducing sugars from cellulosic substrates by using a commercial cellulase derived from Trichoderma viride. Air-dried wood meals through 0.42mm (40 mesh) screen and retained on 0.25 mm (60 mesh) of Populus alba-glandulosa and Pinus koraiensis were autohydrolyzed with water at $180^{\circ}C$ for 30 and/or 60 minutes in a 6 liter stainless-steel digester with or without 2% 2-naphthol. The hydrothermally-treated wood meals were extracted the lignin with 100%, 90%, 75% and 50% dioxane solutions at $70^{\circ}C$ for 4 hours, respectively. The results obtained were as follows; 1) After autohydrolysis of Populus alba-glandulosa, the yield of wood meals decreased with lengthening the auto hydrolysis time from 30 minutes to 60 minutes and with 2% 2-naphthol addition. In case of Pinus koraiensis, the yield was not affected by 2%, 2-naphthol addition at the autohydrolysis in the digester. 2) After autohydrolysis and lignin extraction of Populus alba-glandulosa, the yield of wood meals decreased with lengthening the autohydrolysis time from 30 minutes to 60 minutes and with 2% 2-naphthol addition. Extraction of 50% dioxane solution was the best solvent for the yield among the solutions of 100%, 90%. 75% and 50% dioxane. In case of Pinus koraiensis, the yield was not affected by 2% 2-naphthol addition and the solution of 90% dioxane was the poorest solvent for the yield. 3) After autohydrolysis and lignin extraction of Populus alba-glandulosa, the Klason lignin content in cellulosic substrates for enzymatic hydrolysis decreased with lengthening the autohydrolysis time from 30 minutes to 60 minutes and with 2% 2-naphthol addition. Klason lignin content was the lowest after extraction by 90% or 75% dioxane solution. The content was also affected by interaction of the three factors-autohydrolysis time, 2% 2-naphthol addition and concentration of dioxane. In case of Pinus koraiensis, the Klason lignin content increased with 2% 2-naphthol addition but was not affected by the concentration of dioxane solution. 4) After autohydrolysis and lignin extraction of Populus alba-glandulosa, the extractable Klason lignin content by extraction increased with lengthening the auto hydrolysis time from 30 minutes to 60 minutes and with 2% 2-naphthol addition. The extractable lignin content was the highest after extraction by 90% or 75% dioxane solution. In case of Pinus koraiensis, the extractable lignin content increased with 2% 2-naphthol addition. Extractions by 100%, 90% and 50% dioxane solutions were more effective for the extraction of Klason lignin than by 75% dioxane solution. 5) After autohydrolysis and lignin extraction of Populus alba-glandulosa, the yield of reducing sugars increased with lengthening the autohydrolysis time from 30 minutes to 60 minutes but was not affected by 2% 2-naphthol addition and the concentration of dioxane. The yield of reducing sugars after enzymatic hydrolysis was slightly higher by extractions with 90%, 75% and 50% dioxane solutions than with 100% dioxane. In case of Pinus koraiensis, the yield of reducing sugars was not affected by 2% 2-naphthol addition but affected by the concentration of dioxane. The yield of reducing sugars was the highest in cellulosic substrates extracted by 100% dioxane solution.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.306-312
• /
• 2000

Background : Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are well known environmental pollutants. The measurement of PAH in ambient air is not commonly used, because it is quite difficult to perform and is unreliable. Using biomarkers of PAH can be an alternative approach to this problem. The PAH in ambient air is absorbed in particulate matter. Total suspended particulate(TSP) or particulate matter of less than $10{\mu}m$ in diameter (PM10) can be easily measured. Therefore, TSP or PM10 can be used as a surrogate measurements of ambient air PAH. Objectives : We investigated whether the urinary concentration of two biomarkers of PAH, 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) and 2-naphthol, could reflect the total suspended particulate in the general population. Methods : In order to exclude the effects of occupational exposure and smoking, first grade middle school students were included in this study. Four middle schools within a one kilometer boundary of ambient air monitoring stations were selected. Total suspended particulate was regarded as the marker of airborne PAH. Diet and smoking data were collected by self administered questionnaires, and spot urine samples were collected. Urinary 1-OHP and 2-naphthol were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. Results : The correlation between urinary 1-OHP, 2-naphthol and passive smoking was not statistically significant. The correlation between urinary 1-OHP and TSP indices was not statistically significant. The correlations between urinary 2-naphthol and TSP of two lag days, one lag day, and zero lag days were statistically significant. The statistical significance of two lag days was the strongest (p=0.001), one lag day was the next (p=0.0275), and zero lag days was the weakest (p=0.0349). Conclusion : Our results imply that the urinary concentration of 2-naphthol can be applied as a PAH exposure marker for the general population with low PAH exposure.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한예방의학회 1999년도 제51차 추계 학술대회 연제집
• /
• pp.104-105
• /
• 1999

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2007

The aim of the study was to see if there is any differences in urinary 1-hydroxypyrene glucuronide (1-OHPG) and 2-naphthol levels in children ($8{\sim}14$ years old) and their mothers ($30{\sim}46$ years old) living three cities in South Korea (Seoul, Incheon and Pohang) and three in China (Changchun, Datong and Kunming), where the levels of air pollution varies. The factors related with urinary biomarkers levels were also evaluated. The study subjects consisted of 118 Korean (60 children and 58 their mothers) and 120 Chinese (60 children and 60 their mothers). Urinary 1-OHPG was measured by synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy after immuno-affinity purification using monoclonal antibody 8E11 and urinary 2-naphthol concentrations were determined by HPLC with fluorescence detector. Information on recent consumption of diet containing high PAHs, environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), type of cooking and heating fuels, and other life-style characteristics were collected by self-administered questionnaire. The arithmetic mean of urinary 1-OHPG levels (n = 120, $mean{\pm}SD$, $6.77{\pm}7.96{\mu}mol/mol$ creatinine) in Chinese were 10 fold higher than those in Korean (n = 118, $0.62{\pm}0.61{\mu}mol/mol$ creatinine) (P < 0.01). Urinary 2-naphthol levels in Chinese (n = 119, $59.50{\pm}82.29{\mu}g/g$ creatinine) were significantly higher than those in Korean (n = 117, $25.09{\pm}46.56{\mu}g/g$ creatinine) (P < 0.01). Urinary 1-OHPG and 2-naphthol levels were significantly higher in children living the polluted cities in China (Datong and Chanchun, respectively). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that living in factory area (vs. residential area) and use of coal stove as heating fuel were significant predictors for urinary 1-OHPG (overall model $R^2$= 0.46, n = 204). And ETS was predictor for urinary 2-naphthol levels in Korean ($R^2$ = 0.36, n = 46). These results indicated that urinary 1-OHPG and 2-naphthol levels were related with different ambient particulate air pollution, type of heating fuels and ETS.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제42권2호
• /
• pp.197-202
• /
• 1998

1-(2-Pyridylazo)-2-Naphthol (PAN)은 많은 금속이온들과 착색된 착물을 형성함으로 분광시약 또는 금속지시약으로 널리 사용된다. 본 연구는 PAN을 이동상에 첨가하여 Cu(II), Ni(II) , Zn(II), Co(II) , 및 Fe(III)이온들과 착물을 형성시켜 역상 액체크로마토그래피법으로 분리하였다. 이들 금속착물들은 570nm에서 분광광도 검출기로 검출되었고, 이들 금속이온의 머무름을 조사하기 위하여 이동상의 pH, 이온세기 및 유기용매 조성의 변화에 따른 크로마토그램과 용량인자를 측정하였다. 이상의 실험결과에서 얻은 최적조건하에서 금속이온을 분리한 결과 좋은 크로마토그램을 얻었으며, 검출한계(S/N)도 ppb단위까지 검출이 가능함을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.15-21
• /
• 1988

반양성자성 용매인 아세토니트릴 중에서 1-(2-thiazolylazo)-2-naphthol (이하 TAN으로 줄임)의 폴라로그래프적 성질을 조사하였다. 직류폴라로그램으로부터 환원전류의 유형과 양성자 주게 인물의 첨가에 따른 영향을 검토하였다. 그리고 환원반응에 관여한 전자수는 정전위분해법으로 구하였다. 또 일정전위전해생성물의 UV-Vis Spectrum과 IR-Spectrum으로부터 전해생성물을 확인하였다. 이상의 실험결과로부터 아세토니트릴 용매중에서 TAN은 1전자 4단계의 환원과정을 거쳐 최종적으로 아민화합물이 됨을 알았다. 또 각 환원과정은 모두 가역적이었으며, 각 단계의 환원전류는 확산지배적이었다.