• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.558-562
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• 2012

As an alternative energy, Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have received much attention due to low cost manufacturing procedure and high energy consumption rate. Incorporating scattering centers in the nanocrystalline photoanode or additional scattering layers on the nanocrystalline photoanode is an effective way to enhance the light harvest efficiency of the photoanode and the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The light scattering abilities of these scattering layers also depend on the relative sizes and phase of the particles in the layers. A higher surface area is normally obtained using large particle sizes. Therefore, transparent high surface area $TiO_2$ layers and an additional scattering layer consisting of $TiO_2$-Rutile 500 nm paste with relatively larger particles are attractive. In this work, we investigates the applicability of a hybrid $TiO_2$ electrode (or a working electrode with a light scattering layer) in a DSSCs. We fabrication various thin film using $TiO_2$ paste 20 nm and $TiO_2$ paste 500 nm. As a result, the efficiency of the a single structure thin film was 3.35% and the efficiency as scattering layer of hybrid structure thin film was 4.36%, 4.73%.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.331-336
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• 2001

TiOCl$_2$수용액과 암모니아수의 반응으로부터 얻은 titanium hydroxide 침전물에 대해 각각 NaOH 또한 HCl 처리를 통하여 비교적 낮은 온도에서 결정성이 우수하고, 높은 비표면적을 갖는 결정형 TiO$_2$나노분말을 제조하였다. 저온처리 조건을 변화시킴으로써 TiO$_2$분말의 결정상과 입자 모양을 제어할 수 있었는데, NaOH 처리한 다음 산처리한 분말에는 아나타제와 루틸상이 함께 형성되었으며 구형입자와 긴 스핀들 모양의 입자들로 이루어져 있었고, 비등수 처리 시에는 열처리를 통해 아나타제상의 구형 입자들을 얻을 수 있었다. Titanium hydroxide를 0.1M과 0.5M에 산처리한 분말은 모두 아나타제상을 나타내었는데, 0.1M의 분말은 구형입자로 이루어져 있었고, 0.5M의 경우는 대부분 구형입자들로 이루어져 있었지만 스핀들 모양의 입자들도 소량 관찰되었으며, 2M에 산처리한 분말은 루틸상으로서 모두 스핀들 모양의 입자들로 이루어져 있었고, 제조된 분말의 비표면적은 약 240-250$m^2$/g을 나타내었다.

• 한국세라믹학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국세라믹학회 2002년도 추계총회 및 연구발표회 초록집
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• pp.168.1-168
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• 2002

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.123-126
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• 2011

Titanium dioxide ($TiO_2$) thin films were deposited by the sol-gel method with a surfactant-assisted mechanism. Its application for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) was investigated. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscopy techniques were used to characterize the surface characteristics of thin films. Photovoltaic-current density measurements were performed to determine the photoelectrochemical properties of the thin films and the performance of DSSCs. Energy conversion efficiency of about 6.1% was achieved for cells with conductive glass under illumination with AM 1.5 (100 $mWcm^{-2}$) simulated sunlight. Investigation showed higher photo-energy conversion efficiency for mesoporous $TiO_2$ nanocrystalline films used in DSSCs relative to commercially available Degussa P25 films.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.226-231
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• 2007

나노결정질 비정질 리본 표면에 졸-겔법에 의해 제조된 $TiO_2$ 및 $SiO_2$ 졸을 딥 코팅법을 이용하여 절연막을 형성시킴으로써 전기 비저항의 증가를 통한 고주파 손실을 제어하고자 하였다. 졸-겔법에 의한 슬러리 제조에서, 금속 알콕사이드의 혼합조건 및 절연층 형성용 슬러리의 제조조건을 확립하였고, 비정질 합금 리본 표면에 균일하고 우수한 점착력을 가지는 절연층을 형성시킬 수 있었다. 그리고 표면 절연층이 형성된 나노 결정질 합금 재료를 이용하여 제조한 자심재료는 전기 비저항의 증가로 인해 코어 손실을 약 40% 이상 감소시킬 수 있었다. 또한 표면 절연층을 형성시킨 자심재료를 이용하여 제조한 비접촉식 커플러는 코어 손실의 감소로 인해 삽입손실의 감소 효과가 나타났으며, 삽입손실의 감소효과는 주파수 증가에 따라 증가하였다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2010년도 추계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.60.2-60.2
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• 2010

A $TiO_2$ films in dye-sensitized solar cells was fabricated using $TiO_2$ colloidal sol prepared from titanium iso-propoxide used as a starting material by applying the sol-gel method. It was characterized by particle size analyzer, XRD, FE-SEM, and BET analysis. The adsorption isotherms of dye molecule on $TiO_2$ films were obtained at three different temperatures (30, 45, $60^{\circ}C$) and at three different pH (3, 5, 7). The adsorption kinetics of dye molecule on $TiO_2$ films were obtained at three different temperatures (30, 45, $60^{\circ}C$. The adsorption experimental data were correlated with Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second-order model. Also the isosteric enthalpies of dye adsorption were calculated by the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. In addition, the adsorption energy distribution functions which describe heterogeneous characteristics of nanocrystalline $TiO_2$ film surface were calculated by using the generalized nonlinear regularization method. We found that efficient adsorption of N719 dye from aqueous solution onto $TiO_2$ films can be successfully achieved by dye adsorption conditions and morphology of $TiO_2$ films.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.107-109
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• 1998

The $SnO_2$, Sn-doped $In_2O+3\; and \;Ce-doped\; TiO_2$ films have been prepared by RF sputtering method, and their opto-electrochemical properties were investigated in view of the applicability as counter electrodes in the electrochromic window system. These oxide films could reversibly intercalate $Li^+$ ions owing to the nanocrystalline texture, but remained colorless and transparent. The high transmittance of the lithiated films could be attributed to the prevalence of the $Sn^{4+}/Sn^{2+}\; and\; Ce^{4+}/Ce^{3+}$ redox couples having 5s and 6s character conduction bands, respectively. For the Ce-doped $TiO_2$ film, $(TiO_2)_{1-x}(CeO_2)_x$, an optimized electrochemical reversibility was found in the film with the composition of x = 0.1.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.427-431
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• 2011

Hybrid $SiO_2-TiO_2$ photoelectrode with different type of layers was investigated in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). Use of a thin layer of nanocrystalline $TiO_2$ would imply reduction in the amount of dye coverage, however, lower amount of dye in the thin films would imply fewer electron generation upon illumination. So, thus, it becomes necessary to include a $SiO_2-TiO_2$ layer for increase light harvesting effect such that the lower photon conversion due to thin layer could be compensated. In this paper reports the use of transparent high surface area $TiO_2$ layer and an additional $SiO_2-TiO_2$ layer, thus ensuring adequate light harvesting in these devices. The best solar conversion efficiency 6.6% under AM 1.5 was attained with a multi-layer structure using $TiO_2$ layer/$SiO_2-TiO_2$ layer/$TiO_2$ layer for the light harvesting and this had resulted to about 44% increase in photocurrent density of dye-sensitized solar cells.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.7-10
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• 2005

[ $TiO_{2}-ZrO_{2}$ ] powders were successfully synthesized by the sol-gel process using titanium iso-propoxide as a precursor. The amorphous $TiO_{2}$ particles, 70 nm in size, homogenously adhered to the surface of $ZrO_{2}$ the powders. After calcination at $450^{circ}C$, most of the $TiO_{2}$ powders appeared as an anatase type, whereas they changed to a rutile phase at $750^{circ}C$. For comparison of photocata­lytic activity, $TiO_{2}-ZrO_{2}$ nano-sized powders calcined at $450^{circ}C,\;600^{circ}C,\;and\;750^{circ}C$ were used. In the $TiO_{2}-20wt\%$ $ZrO_{2}$ powders cal­cined at $450^{circ}C$, there was excellent removal efficiency of Methyl Orange (MO). For the calcination temperature increased, $TiO_{2}­ZrO_{2}$ nano-sized powders increased $ZrO_{2}$ contents showed the good photoactivity for the photooxidation of MO.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.374-379
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• 2011

Nano-powders of $Ti_3Al$ and $2Al_2O_3$ were synthesized from $3TiO_2$ and 5Al powders by high energy ball milling. A nanocrystalline $Al_2O_3$ reinforced composite was consolidated by pulsed current activated sintering within 2 minutes from mechanochemically synthesized powders of $Al_2O_3$ and $Ti_3Al$. Nanocrystalline materials, have received much attention as advanced engineering materials due to their improved physical and mechanical properties. The relative density of the composite was 99.5%. The average obtained hardness and fracture toughness values were 1510 kg/$mm^2$ and $9\;MPa{\cdot}m^{1/2}$, respectively.