• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.617-641
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• 2014

The energy constraint is still a common issue for the practical application of wireless sensors, since they are usually powered by batteries which limit their lifetime. In this paper, a practical compound energy efficiency strategy is proposed and realized in the implementation of a real time wireless sensor platform. The platform is intended for wireless structural monitoring applications and consists of three parts, wireless sensing unit, base station and data acquisition and configuration software running in a computer within the Matlab environment. The high energy efficiency of the wireless sensor platform is achieved by a proposed adaptive radio transmission power control algorithm, and some straightforward methods, including adopting low power ICs and high efficient power management circuits, low duty cycle radio polling and switching off radio between two adjacent data packets' transmission. The adaptive transmission power control algorithm is based on the statistical average of the path loss estimations using a moving average filter. The algorithm is implemented in the wireless node and relies on the received signal strength feedback piggybacked in the ACK packet from the base station node to estimate the path loss. Therefore, it does not need any control packet overheads. Several experiments are carried out to investigate the link quality of radio channels, validate and evaluate the proposed adaptive transmission power control algorithm, including static and dynamic experiments.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.1445-1451
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• 2007

A sensitive optical waveguide lightmode spectroscopy-based immunosensor was developed to detect vitellogenin in seawater flatfish (Paralichthys olivaceus). For this purpose, anion-exchange column chromatography with DE-52 resin was used to purify flatfish vitellogenin from flatfish serum containing vitellogenin that had been induced using an intraperitoneal $17{\beta}$-estradiol injection. The anti-flatfish vitellogenin antibody used as the biological component of the above immunosensor was prepared using the purified flatfish vitellogenin. The change in the incoupling angle according to the complexation between the flatfish vitellogenin and its antibody, immobilized over an optical grating coupler sensor chip, was measured to calculate the sensor response. The immunosensor was quite specific to flatfish vitellogenin binding, based on no sensor response in the case of bovine serum albumin immobilization. When plotted using double-logarithmic scales, the sensor responses increased linearly in flatfish vitellogenin concentrations of 0.00675-67.5 nM, with a detection limit of 0.0675 nM. The reusability during seven repetitive measurements was reasonably fair for the preliminary screening of flatfish vitellogenin.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.345-351
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• 2012

Biomimetic terpene sensors which have high sensitivity and stability have been fabricated using moleculary imprinted polymer (MIP) technology. Since it is impossible to make a resistive type sensor due to the high resistance of MIP, we improved the sensor by adding conductive polymers. We investigated the sensitivity of resistive type sensors with nano particles depending on the amount of conductive polymers. The MIP membrane contained the methacrylic acid as functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as cross linker, which formed specific cavities originated by the target terpene molecules. The mixture of MIP and the conductive polymer was coated on the patterns of interdigit electrodes on the alumina substrate. The fabricated sensors showed their highest specific sensitivities exposed to 500 ppm target gases : limonene 0.055 at 40% of amount of conductive polymers and geraniol $5.84{\times}10^{-4}$ at 20% of amount of conductive polymers. In conclusion, we found that the terpene sensors are affected by the target molecules, functional monomers and the conductive polymers.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.64-69
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• 2017

The rapid growth of algae occurs can induce the algae bloom when nutrients are supplied from anthropogenic sources such as fertilizer, animal waste or sewage in runoff the water currents or upwelling naturally. The algae blooms creates the human health problem in the environment as well as in the water resource managers including hypoxic dead zones and harmful toxins and pose challenges to water treatment systems. The algal blooms in the source water in water treatment systems affects the drinking water taste & odor while clogging or damaging filtration systems and putting a strain on the systems designed to remove algal toxins from the source water. This paper propose the emerging In-Situ self-diagnosable smart algae sensing device with wireless connectivity for smart remote monitoring and control. In this research, we developed the In-Site Algae diagnosable sensing device with wireless sensor network (WSN) connectivity with Optical Biological Sensor and environmental sensor to monitor the water treatment systems. The proposed system emulated in real-time on the water treatment plant and functional evaluation parameters are presented as part of the conceptual proof to the proposed research.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.147-153
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• 2008

Improvement of the selectivity of nonenzymatic glucose based on mesoporous platinum ($H_1$-ePt) by using A.C. impedance is reported. The idea of the present work is based on the novel effect of the mesoporous electrode that the apparent exchange current due to glucose oxidation remarkably grows although the reaction kinetics on the surface is still sluggish. It is expected that the enlarged apparent exchange current on the mesoporous electrode can raise the sensitivity of admittance in A.C. impedance to glucose concentration. At a low frequency, A.C. impedance could become more powerful. The admittance at 0.01 Hz is even more sensitive to glucose than to ascorbic acid while amperometry exhibits the inverse order of sensitivity. This is the unique behavior that is neither observed by A.C. impedance on flat platinum electrode nor obtained by amperometry. The study shows how the combination of A.C. impedance and nano-structured surface can be applied to the detection of sluggish reaction such as electrochemical oxidation of glucose.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.73-77
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• 2015

This paper presents integrated polymeric spectrometer module which offers compact size, easily-fabricated structure and low cost. The proposed spectrometer module includes the nano diffraction grating with non-uniform pitch and planar optical waveguide with concave mirror to be fabricated by UV imprint lithography. To increase the reflection efficiency, we designed the nano diffraction grating with triangular profiles. The polymeric planar spectrometer includes a spectral bandwidth of 700 nm, resolution of 10 nm and precision below 5 nm. This polymeric planar spectrometer is well-suited for sensor system.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2009.07a
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• pp.1539_1540
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 Porous Au-Pt 전극을 기반으로 연료전극과 공기전극으로 구성된 초소형 메탄올 센서를 설계 및 제작하고 그 특성을 분석해 보았다. 제안된 Porous Au-Pt 전극은 Porous 구조의 금속을 만드는 방법 중 하나인 Templating기법을 적용하여 수백나노 크기의 Pore들을 가진 Porous Au 전극을 제작하였고 그 위에 수 나노 크기의 Pt particles을 전해 도금하여 제작되었다. 고분자 전해질막 층으로서 Nafion film은 전해 도금한 Porous Au-Pt 전극 사이에 삽입하고 hot Pressing 통하여 센서를 구성하였다. Porous Au-Pt 전극을 기반으로한 전기화학 메탄올 센서는 $0.25\;cm^2$ 의 작은 전극 면적에도 불구하고 넓은 온도 범위 ($20^{\circ}C-100^{\circ}C$) 에서 온도에 따른 뛰어난 선형성(Correlation coefficient = 0.986)을 보였으며, 특히, 일정온도 ($60^{\circ}C$)에서 메탄올 농도 0 M에서 2 M 까지의 전류응답 특성을 측정, 분석 결과 메탄올 농도에 따른 9.6 mA/$mM{\cdot}cm^2$ 의 민감도 및 10 초 이내의 응답시간 특성을 보였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.625-638
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• 2009

Applications of membrane mechanisms are widely found in nano-devices and nano-sensor technologies nowadays. An alternative approach for large deflection analysis of the orthotropic, elliptic membranes - subject to gravitational, uniform pressures often found in nano-sensors - is described in this paper. The material properties of membranes are assumed to be orthogonally isotropic and linearly elastic, while the principal directions of elasticity are parallel to the coordinate axes. Formulating the potential energy functional of the orthotropic, elliptic membranes involves the strain energy that is attributed to inplane stress resultant and the potential energy due to applied pressures. In the solution method, Rayleigh-Ritz method can be used successfully to minimize the resulting total potential energy generated. The set of equilibrium equations was solved subsequently by Newton-Raphson. The unparalleled model formulation capable of analyzing the large deflections of both circular and elliptic membranes is verified by making numerical comparisons with existing results of circular membranes as well as finite element solutions. The results are found in excellent agreements at all cases. Then, the parametric investigations are given to delineate the impacts of the aspect ratios and orthotropic elasticity on large static tensions and deformations of the orthotropic, elliptic membranes.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.169-175
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• 2018

Cu-Salen complex was prepared and attached into chitosan (Cs) polymer backbone. Nanocomposite of the synthesized polymer was prepared with functionalized carbon nano-particles (Cs-Cu-sal/C) to modify the electrode surface. The surface morphology of (Cs-Cu-sal/C) nanocomposite film showed a homogeneous distribution of carbon nanoparticles within the polymeric matrix. The cyclic voltammogram of the modified electrode exhibited a redox behavior at -0.1 V vs. Ag/AgCl (3 M KCl) in 0.1 M PB (pH 7) and showed an excellent hydrogen peroxide reduction activity. The Cs-Cu-sal/C electrode displays a linear response from $5{\times}10^{-6}$ to $5{\times}10^{-4}M$, with a correlation coefficient of 0.993 and detection limit of $0.9{\mu}M$ (at S/N = 3). The sensitivity of the electrode was found to be $0.356{\mu}A\;{\mu}M^{-1}\;cm^{-2}$.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.07a
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• pp.1474-1475
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 nanoporous Pt (Platinum) 전극을 이용한 무효소 혈당센서의 생체 적합성 및 전류응답 특성 향상을 위해 다양한 패키징 방법이 제안되었다. 생체적합성을 갖는 Nafion 멤브레인을 dipping, spin coating, chemical bonding 방법으로 패키징 한 후, 다양한 글루코오스 농도의 혈장, 전혈에서 특성을 분석, 비교하였다. 단백질 등이 포함되지 않은 환경에서 spin coating 방법으로 패키징한 센서의 전류응답 특성은 가장 좋았지만, 혈장 및 전혈에서는 dipping, chemical bonding 방법으로 패키징한 센서의 전류응답 특성에 미치지 못했다. Nafion film을 센서와 chemical bonding한 센서의 혈장에서 sensitivity 는 0.32 ${\mu}A/mM{\cdot}cm^2$ 이었다. 한편, 전혈에서 bare 센서가 급격한 bio-fouling 현상을 보이는 반면 패키징한 센서는 글루코오스 농도에 따라 일정한 전류변화를 보였다. 이는 Nafion을 이용하여 패키징한 무효소 혈당 센서가 생체환경에 적합할 뿐 아니라 생체이식형 및 연속 측정 가능한 시스템에 적용 가능함을 보여준다.