• Water for future
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.168-180
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• 1984

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.35
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• pp.49-82
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• 1987

• Water for future
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• v.49 no.12
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• pp.47-54
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• 2016

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.203-210
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• 2007

The delivery load data obtained from Nakdong river basin are used for developing the model estimating the daily delivery load on the main side streams of Nakdong River. The developed model assesses the daily contamination loads of the main thirteen side streams that contribute to the main stream of Nakdong river. It is developed that the model using the simplified equation that can estimate the daily delivery loads on the side main streams of Nakdong river for a period of having no data of the water quality and flow. The developed model for estimating the daily delivery loads from the main side streams in Nakdong river basin on each item such as BOD, TN, and TP is expressed as Daily delivery load ($\frac{kg}{day}$) = Production load $(\frac{kg}{day}){\times}(1-{\alpha}){\times}(\frac{daily\;runoff}{average\;runoff\;per\;year}){\gamma}$. The estimated values obtained by using the model are almost fit to the calculated values (real data) that have been acquired from the thirteen main side streams in Nakdong river basin. The correlation coefficient values, R, that indicate the correlation between the estimated and the calculated show over 0.7 that mean the estimated values from the used model are adapted to the real data except TN values of Nam-river, Hwang-river, Gam-river, We-river. Especially, the correlation of TP values between the estimated and the calculated implies quite a creditable data to use.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.301-312
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• 2016

This study has performed comparative analysis on characteristics of contaminated 35 tributaries on seasonal variation/point discharge load/pollutant distribution of water quality factors(8) in order to understand the effect of the watershed in Nakdong River Basin. As a results, the water quality of $BOD_5$(Biochemical Oxygen Demand), Chl-a(Chlorophyll a) and Fecal E. Coli shows II grade at tributaries of more than 50% without COD(Chemical Oxygen Demand), TP(Total Phosphate), TOC(Total Oxygen Carbon) and TN(Total Nitrogen) factors. The specific discharge(Q) were occupied about 54.4% (19 sites) as $0.05m^3/sec/km^2$ value. Among these results, the contaminant level of Dalseocheon, Hyeonjicheon, Seokkyocheon 1, Uriyeongcheon and Dasancheon was also high, which has to consider a discharged pollutant load(kg/day). The 35 major tributaries of Nakdong River were included in 7 mid-watershed, such as Nakdong Waegwan, Geumho River, Nakdong Goryung, Nakdong Changnyung, Nam River, Nakdong Milyang, Nakdong River Hagueon. Especially, the discharged pollutant load of Nam River and Geumho River also was high according to the amount of discharge such as Kachang dam, Gongsan dam and Nam river dam. Seasonal difference of the water quality factors such as $BOD_5$, TN, SS and Q was observed largely, on the other hand the TP and Chl-a was not. This is guessed due to the precipitation effect of site, biological and physicochemical degradation properties of pollutant and etc. The co-relationship between the seasonal difference and water quality factors was observed using a Pearson correlation coefficients. Besides, the Multiple Regression analysis using a Stepwise Regression method was conducted to understand the effect between seasonal difference and water quality factors/regression equations. As a result, the Multiple Regression analysis was adapted in the spring, summer and autumn without the winter, which was observed high at spring, summer and autumn in the order COD/TP, Chl-a/TOC, TOC/COD/$BOD_5$ water quality factors, respectively.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.624-627
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• 2007

There are many channel confluences existing in natural river systems, where the hydraulics are very complex because of the interactive between tributary and main river The RMA-2 model Is applied in this paper to model the confluence between Uksu Chun subriver and Nam Chun main river. Based on three types of assumed confluence forms, the model resuits present the hydraulics at channel confluence can be divided into several zones including a zone of separation immediately downstream of the junction branch channel, a maximum and minimum velocity region at upstream and downstream in the confluent channel, and a shear plane developed between the two combing flows at downstream of confluent channel. And the different types of confluent forms performs a very high effect on drainability of tributary, so it is very necessary to design a reasonable confluent forms.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.540-545
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• 2006

The objective of the study is to assess the water quality improvement resulted from the rearrangement of the irrigation water supply systems at Mankyeong River and Ansung Chun basin. There is a mixed type of watershed composed of urban and rural areas in the region. The water intake facilities for agricultural use such as reservoir, weir and pumping station are generally located at upstream river where the water quality maintains relatively clean. However, this study focuses on moving the water intake to downstream and rearranging the irrigation water supply system, then investigating how effective they are for water quality improvement in the river. When the water intake is moved downstream, the stream flow is increased as much as the amount of irrigation water that is to be taken upstream. The augmented flow which is frequently referred to as environmental flow can function as dilution water for improving the quality of polluted water that is originated from the wastewater in tributaries.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.07d
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• pp.2322-2324
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• 2002

Korea Water Resources Corporation (KOWACO) operates nine hydroelectric power stations on the Han River, Nakdong River, Geum River & Seomjin River Areas. KOWACO will take the lead in improving the efficiency of water resources supply in this parer, KOWACO Generation Intergrated Operating System(GIOS) project will improve the generating plant, hydraulic structures, switchgear, and station controls, alarms and services for unmanned remote controlled operation by modern intergraed SCADA system. Mordern SCADA is used to cover all computer systems designed to perform the following main functions: - to collect data from industrial plant devices. - to process and perform calculations on the collected. - to present collected and derived data on displays on. - to accept commands entered by human operators and act on them such as sending control commands to plant devices.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.467-487
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• 2013

Long-term and systematic monitoring of phytoplankton is important, as phytoplankton serve as indicators of water quality status in aquatic environments. In the present study, the plankton community structure of the Nakdong River estuary over the past 30 years was investigated by literature survey to provide references for the occurrence of planktonic species. A total of 876 species from 18 taxonomic lineages were reported and, among them, 569 species were identified to occur seasonally at the Mulgeum, Seonam and Eulsukdo sites. Diatoms and chlorophytes were dominant in the microscopic studies. The 54 species at the Mulgeum and the 96 species at the Eulsukdo sites have not been reported since the river barrage construction in 1987. The majority of reports speculate that there has been a change in the aquatic environment, particularly the plankton community structure, due to operation of a river barrage since 1987.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.155-169
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• 2005

The Pressure-State-Response (PSR) framework was used to develop sustainability indicators for the Han River estuarine area. A total of 37 indicators in three categories were derived after reviewing previous studies. Some of these indicators were selected to assess the sustainability of the Han River estuary and its watershed. Some indicators provided contrasting information for judging the sustainability of the area. Even though very limited information was available for the meaningful assessment of the sustainability of the Han River estuarine area, there seems to be an appropriate base for the sustainable development of the area. Securing of reliable information seems to be the key for the indicators to produce meaningful assessment of the implementation of the sustainable development strategy for the Han River Estuary and its watershed. Integrated indices to synthesize the information provided by the sectoral indicators need to be developed to overcome the limitations of the sectoral indicators.