• Title/Summary/Keyword: Na-CMC

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Solubilization of Benzenesulfonate anion and Its Derivatives by the Micellar System of TTAB (TTAB 용액에서 Benzenesulfonate 음이온과 유도체들의 가용화에 대한 연구)

  • Lee, Byung-Hwan
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.45 no.1
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    • pp.7-13
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    • 2001
  • The interaction of benzenesulfonate anion and its derivatives ($C_6H_5SO_3^-, p-$CH_3C_6H_4SO_3^-, and $p-C_2H_5C_6H_4SO_3^-$) with the micellar system of cationic surfactant TTAB(tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide) was studied by UV/Vis spectrophotometric method. The solubilization constants($K_s$) of benzenesulfonate anions into the micellar phase of this surfactant have been measured with the change of temperature. The effects of additives(n-pentanol and NaBr) on the solubilization of benzenesulfonate anions by this surfactant system have been also measured. There was a great decrease on the values of $K_s$ and CMC simultaneously with these additives so that the measured values of ln$K_s$ were linear relationships with the values of lnCMC. For the thermodynamic study, various thermodynamic parameters(${\Delta}G^0_s$, ${\Delta}H^0_s$ and ${\Delta}S^0_s$) have been calculated and analyzed from the dependence of Ks values on temperature.

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Study on the Solubilization of Phenoxide Anion by Mixed Surfactant Systems of CTAB and TTAB (CTAB/TTAB 혼합계면활성제에 의한 Phenoxide 음이온의 가용화에 대한 연구)

  • Lee, Byung-Hwan
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.44 no.3
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    • pp.177-183
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    • 2000
  • The interaction of phenoxide anion with .the mixed micelles of CTAB(Cetyl-trimethylammonium bromide) and TTAB(Tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide) was studied by UV/Vis spectrophotometric method. The solubilization constants($K_s$) of phenoxide anion into the mixed micellar phase and the critical micellar concentrations(CMC) of those mixed surfactant systems have been measured and analyzed with the change of overall mole fraction of CTAB($\alpha_{CTAB}$) The effects of additives(n-pentanol and NaBr) on the solubilization of phenoxide anion by those mixed surfactant systems have been also measured. There was a great decrease on the values of solubilization constant and CMC with these additives. For the thermodynamic study, the dependence of $K_s$ values on temperature has been measured and various thermodynamic parameters(${\Delta}G^0_s$, ${\Delta}H^0_s$ and ${\Delta}S^0_s$) have been also calculated. The results show that all the values of ${\Delta}G^0_s$ and ${\Delta}H^0_s$ are negative within the measured temperature region but the values of ${\Delta}S^0_s$ are positive.

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Solubilization of Para-Halogenated Benzoic Acid Isomers by the Solution of Tetradecyltrimethylammonium Bromide (Tetradecyltrimethylammonium Bromide 용액에서 Para-할로겐화 벤조산 이성질체들의 가용화에 대한 연구)

  • Lee, Nam-Min;Lee, Byung-Hwan
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.22 no.5
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    • pp.473-478
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    • 2011
  • The interaction of para-halogenated benzoic acid isomers with the micellar system of tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide was studied by the UV/Vis spectrophotometric method. The solubilization constants ($K_s$) of benzoic acid isomers into the micellar system of TTAB and the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of TTAB have been measured with the change of temperature. Various thermodynamic parameters have been calculated and analyzed from those measurement. The results show that the values of ${\Delta}G^{\circ}{_s}$ for the solubilization of all isomers are negative and the values of ${\Delta}H^{\circ}{_s}$ and ${\Delta}S^{\circ}{_s}$ are all positive within the measured temperature range. The effects of additives (n-butanol and NaCl) on the solubilization of benzoic acid isomers have been also measured. There was a great decrease on the values of $K_s$ and CMC simultaneously with these additives. From these changes we can postulate that the solubilization sites of each isomers in the TTAB micellar system are the surface or the palisade region of the micelle.

Synthesis and Emulsifying Properties for Dipropylene Glycol Succinate (디프로필렌글리콜 숙시네이트의 합성 및 유화특성)

  • Jeong, Noh-Hee;Kang, Mi-Na;Choi, Sung-Ok
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.29 no.1
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    • pp.47-53
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    • 2012
  • This study is concerned with coemulsifier which is better emulsifiable properties than emulsifier itselves' use only. It's compound was synthesized by esterification of propylene glycol and succinic acid. The structure of them was comfirmed with FT-IR and $^1H$-NMR. Surface active properties with surface tension, cmc, emulsing power were tested respectively at given conditions. Their surface tensions in the aqueous solution was decreased to 33-35 dyne/cm and their cmc was evaluated by surface tension method. And it's emulsifying power was excellent in jojoba oil. As results, the synthesized dipropylene glycol succinate is expected to apply as O/W coemulsifier.

Confusion Model Selection Criterion for On-Line Handwritten Numeral Recognition (온라인 필기 숫자 인식을 위한 혼동 모델 선택 기준)

  • Park, Mi-Na;Ha, Jin-Young
    • Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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    • v.34 no.11
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    • pp.1001-1010
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    • 2007
  • HMM tends to output high probability for not only the proper class data but confusable class data, since the modeling power increases as the number of parameters increases. Thus it may not be helpful for discrimination to simply increase the number of parameters of HMM. We proposed two methods in this paper. One is a CMC(Confusion Likelihood Model Selection Criterion) using confusion class data probability, the other is a new recognition method, RCM(Recognition Using Confusion Models). In the proposed recognition method, confusion models are constructed using confusable class data, then confusion models are used to depress misrecognition by confusion likelihood is subtracted from the corresponding standard model probability. We found that CMC showed better results using fewer number of parameters compared with ML, ALC2, and BIC. RCM recorded 93.08% recognition rate, which is 1.5% higher result by reducing 17.4% of errors than using standard model only.

Synthetic Conditions and Rheological Characteristics of Barium Sulfate (황산바륨의 합성조건과 유동학적 특성)

  • Shin, Wha-Woo;Kim, Jun-Hea;Choi, Kwang-Sik;Chang, Young-Soo;Lee, Kwang-Pyo
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.36 no.6
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    • pp.538-547
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    • 1992
  • Optimal synthetic condition of barium sulfate were investigated from the viewpoint of yield and bulkiness according to a randomized complete block design proposed by G.E.P. Box and K.B. Wilson. Barium chloride and magnesium sulfate were utilized as reactants in order to prepare barium sulfate in this study. It was found that optimum temperature range of reactant solutions was $60{\sim}100^{\circ}C$ and the optimum concentration range of the reactant solutions was $10{\sim}17.3%$ and $10{\sim}20%$ respectively, on the viewpoint of yield and bulkiness. The optimum mole ratio of $BaCI_2$ to $BaSO_4$ was in the range of $1.50{\sim}2.0$ and the optimum mole ratio of $BaCI_2$ to $BaSO_4$ was in the range of $1.50{\sim}2.0$ and the optimum reacting time range was $15{\sim}20$ minutes. The optimum drying temperature range was $110{\sim}130^{\circ}C$ from the viewpoint of yield, but it was $90{\sim}110^{\circ}C$ on the basis of bulkiness. Apparent viscosity of barium sulfate suspensions dispersed in various concentrations of Na. CMC was measured by using Brookfield synchrolectric viscometer model LVT, the relative equation, log ${\eta}_{sp}=A+B.{\phi}$ was examined and the equation was found to agree fairly well. 1 w/v% Na. CMC aqueous solution and 0.1 volume fraction of $BaSO_4$ powder were optimum in the preparation of $BaSO_4$ suspension showing highest viscosity at infinite shearing.

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Effects of Stabilizer on the Storage of Andong sikhe using Lactic Acid Bacteria and Yeast (안정제에 의한 젖산균 및 효모를 이용한 전통 안동식혜의 저장)

  • Kim, Sung;Son, Jun-Ho;Jo, Kook-Young;Son, Ku-Mok;Choi, Cheong
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.30 no.6
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    • pp.1394-1398
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    • 1998
  • Lactobacillus bulgaricus LBS 47 and Saccharomyces serevisiae SCS 5 were selected for pure culture inoculation in the fermentation. The effects of stabilizers on the sedimentation, sensory evaluation and viscosity were investigated during fermentation of traditional Andong sikhe. Among the stabilizers added to the traditional Andong sikhe the Na-alginate appeared to be the best. When the product was evaluated by the sensory panel, the addition of stabilizers up to 0.1 % level actually increased the acceptability of the product, while the concentration of more than 0.2% stabilizers affected the acceptability negatively. The viscosity of the product fermented with the CMC and Na-alginate addition reached the maximum on the 2nd day of fermentation, while that of the homogenized Andong sikhe fermented with carrageenan reached the peak on the first day of fermentation.

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BUILDING TRUST 적합성평가 동향 - 중국, 대만, 일본, 한국 4개국 인정기구 신뢰성 향상 위한 의무문서 공동 제안 -2011 필리핀 마닐라 PAC 총회를 다녀와서

  • Jang, Ji-Na
    • The Monthly Technology and Standards
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    • s.115
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    • pp.34-35
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    • 2011
  • 제18회 PAC 총회가 201년 6얼 11일부터 18일까지 필리핀 마닐라에서 3개국 100여 명이 참석한 가운데 진행되었다. 금번 PAC 총회에서는 오일근 한국인정원 원장이 PAC의 CMC 회의를 주재하였다. 장지나 한국인정원 대리의 참가 후기를 싣는다.

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Effects of Recycled Wastewater and Surfactant on the Treatment Efficiency of PAHs-Contaminated Soil in Slurry Bioreactor (슬러리 생물반응기를 이용한 PAHs 오염토양처리에서 재순환수와 계면활성제의 효과)

  • Namkoong, Wan;Na, Kyung-Jin
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.119-126
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    • 2001
  • This research was carried out to evaluate the effect of recycled wastewater and surfactant above CMC(critical micelle concentration) on the removal rate of PAHs in bench-scale slurry bioreactor. Kinetic parameters based on zero order and first order kinetic models were estimated. The first order model was able to describe the removal of phenanthrene and pyrene with high correlation coefficients. Addition of recycled wastewater could enhance the removal rates of phenanthrene and pyrene. Addition of surfactant above CMC could enhance desorption rate and removal rate of phenanthrene and pyrene.

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Investigation of the Hydrolysis of Polysaccharides by Crude Cellulases prepared from Several Species of Fungi (몇 종류의 곰팡이에서 분리되는 Crude Cellulase의 다당류 분해능력의 조사)

  • 김은수;김영민;이인규;최태주
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.85-90
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    • 1975
  • Crude cellulases freshly prepared from cultures of Aspergillus niger, Prnicillum motatum, Trichoderma vride 16273 and Trichoderma viride 16374 were assayed on 4 different substrates including Na-CMC, cellulose powder, starch and sucrose. Enzyme prepared from A. niger contained highly active hydrolytic enzymes of the 4 substrates assayed. P. notatum [yielded relatively lower amount of cellulase but the extracts were also highly reactive on starch and sucrose. Trichoderma viride 16274 yielded very little cellulase and invertase, but the extracts showed a high degree of amylase activity. Trichoderma viride 16374, however, yielded collulase comparable to that of Penicillium notatum, but lower activities of amylase and invertase were seen. Commercial cellulases prepared from Penicillium notatum (cellulase[K]) and Trichoderma viride(cellulase[J]) indicated enzyme activities closely parallel to the crude enzymes freshly prepared from fungus cultures. The optimum pH's of cellulolytic activities of cellulase[K] and cellulase[J] were 4.0 and 5.0 respectively. The optimum temperatures of the cellulolytic activities of cellulase[K] and cellualse[J] were 4.0 and 5.0 respectively. The optimum temperatures of the cellulolytic activities of cellulase [K] and cellulase [J] were $60{\circ}C$ and $50{\circ}C$ respectively. Assuming the average molecular weight of Na-CMC is about 115,000, the Km values of cellulase [K] and cellulase[J] were found to be $3.3{\times}10^{-5}/nM$ and $3.3{\times}10^{-4}/nM$ respectively.

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