• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2001년도 제23회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.51-56
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• 2001

An experiment using preheated air in the coaxial diffusion flame burner was carried out in order to decrease NOx emission and improve the thermal efficiency. Preheated air combustion generally produces high NOx emissions but it was known very well to reduce NOx emission by diluting the combustion air with inert gas in preheated air combustion. In our study, $N_2$ gas was used for diluent and propane was utilized for fuel. We set the combustion air temperature on 300K, 500K, 700K, 900K and dilution level from 21% to 10% in terms of oxygen concentration. NOx emission increased along increment of combustion air temperature and decreased along increment of dilution level(lowering of oxygen concentration in combustion air). Flame-off limit with dilution level enhanced, flame length became longer and the location of maximum flame temperature became lower with increasing of combustion air temperature.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.255-263
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• 2013

Carbon dioxide reduction technologies using photosynthetic microorganism were suggested to overcome environmental destruction caused by $CO_2$ in flue gases from power plant and other industries. However, there are many toxic constituents in flue gas including CO, NOx, SOx. Continuous and Excessive supply of these noxious gases to cells will leads to inhibition of microalgal growth along with partial cell death. In this study, we tested the noxious effect of SOx and NOx on the pH and microalgal growth under photoautotrophic culture in three microalgae of Neochloris oleoabundans, Chlorella vulgaris and Haematococcus pluvialis. As a result, SOx concentration more than 50 ppm led to the rapid reduction of pH, thereby inhibiting of the growth in Neochloris oleoabundans and Chlorella vulgaris. NOx concentration more the 100 ppm reduced the exponential growth of N. oleoabundans and C. vulgaris. And H. pluvialis exhibited low sensitivity to SOx and NOx. Consequently, the three microalgae of N. oleabundas, C. vulagaris and H. pluvialis showed the normal vegetative growth in 25 ppm of NOx and SOx. Above all, H. pluvialis was useful for the $CO_2$ sequestration of the flue gas including high concentrations of NOx and SOx.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제28권7호
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• pp.818-825
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• 2004

In this paper, the study of effects of flow parameters on flame structure and NOx emission concentration was performed in co-axial. laminar partially premixed methane/air flames. Such (low parameters as equivalence ratio(${\Phi}$), fuel split percentage($\sigma$), and mixing distance(x/D$\_$i/) were defined as a premixing degree and varied within ${\Phi}$=1.36∼9.52, $\sigma$=50∼100, and x/D$\_$i/=5∼20. The image of OH$\^$*/ and NOx concentration were obtained with an ICCD camera and a NOx analyzer. The flame structure observations show a categorization of partially premixed flames into three distinct flame regimes corresponding to ${\Phi}$<1.7(premixed flame structure), 1.7<${\Phi}$<3.3(hybrid structure), and ${\Phi}$>3.3(diffusion flame structure existing a luminous sooting region) at $\sigma$=75%, and x/D$\_$i/=10. As o decreases from 100% to 50%, and x/D$\_$i/ decreases, nonpremixed flame structure appear at low equivalence ratio relatively. In addition, the measured emissions for NOx rise steeply from ${\Phi}$=1.7, to ${\Phi}$=3.3, then constants ${\Phi}$>4.76. NOx emissions decrease with increase the level of premixing level. In conclusion, the main effect on flame structure and NOx production was at first equivalence ratio(${\Phi}$), and next fuel split percentage($\sigma$), and finally mixing distance(x/D$\_$i/).

• 환경정보
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.46-48
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• 1984

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.333-342
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• 1998

Plasma process has great possibilities to remove SOx, NOx simultaneously with high treatment efficiency and is expected to be suitable for small or middle plants. It was accomplished to evaluate SO2, NOx control possibility and achieve basic data to control pollutants by use of Surface Discharge Induced Plasma Chemical Process (SPCP) in this study. O3 generation characteristics by discharge of a plate was proportional to O2 concentration and power consumption and inversely proportional to temperature and humidity, In case of dry air, NOx was highly generated by N2 and O2 in air during the plasma discharge process but it was decreased considerably as H2O was added. SO2 removal efficiency was very high, and removal rate was 170,350 mEA at 30,50 watt respectively in flue gas which is usually contain HIO. NOx removal efficiency was about 57% at 40 watt power consumption with 7.5% humidity. It is estimated that H2O has an important role in reaction mechanism with pollutants according to plasma discharge.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.29-40
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• 1998

Flame structures and NOx formation characteristics in the flame lets of coflow and counterflow diffusion flame are numerically studied. Calculations were carried out twice with the $C_2-Full$ and $C_2-Thermal$ Mechanism for each flame. Mixture fractions and scalar dissipation rates are used as the parameters to compare the flame let structures and NOx formation characteristics quantitatively. It was found that there is a similarity in flame temperature and stable species profiles except radical profiles between two flamelets. And there are some differences in NOx concentration and production rates. These results imply that the flow effects must be considered in calculations for NOx formation of turbulent flames using Laminar Flamelet Model.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제36권12호
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• pp.1322-1326
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• 1999

In2O3 thick film gas sensor for detecting NOx gas of high concentration was fabricated by a screen printing technique. This work focussed on investigation of the change of sensitivity to NOx gas with firing temperatures of sensing layer and on improvement of the sensitivity by adding catalysts such as Al,. Ru, and SnO2 The cross sensitivites of sensor to CO, H2, CH4 and i-C4H10 gases were also examined under NO2 gas concentration of 200ppm Pure In2O3 gas sensor prepared at a firing temperature of 50$0^{\circ}C$ showed a maximum sensitivity to NOx gas at the operating temperature of 40$0^{\circ}C$ Al(0.004 wt%)-In2O3 sensor largely improved the sensitivities to both NO2 and NO gas and showed a superior selectivity compared with other gas sensors.

• 분석과학
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 water/oil 유화연료를 제조하여 제조된 연료의 점도, 밀도, 최적의 조사시간, 유화 안정성 등의 유화연료 특성 및 배기배출물 특성인 NOx, THC, CO의 농도와 smoke density를 측정하였다. 유화연료는 경유, 물, 유화제를 첨가한 후 homogenizer와 초음파 발생장치를 일정시간 조사하여 제조하였고, 배출가스 시험은 2476 cc diesel engine을 사용하여 engine dinamo meter로 실험하였다. 유화연료에서 함수율이 증가할수록 밀도가 증가하였으며, 점도는 함수율 60%까지는 W/O type이 형성되어 증가하다가 70%에서는 O/W type이 형성되어 감소하였다. 배출가스 시험결과 함수율이 증가할수록 NOx 농도와 smoke density는 감소하고, THC와 CO 농도는 증가하였다. 출력감소 시험 결과 함수율이 증가할수록 배출온도와 출력이 감소하였다. 위의 결과로부터 압축착화 디젤기관에 유화연료를 사용하는 것은 NOx와 smoke를 제거하는 효과적인 방법이라고 사료되어진다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.62-71
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• 2015

세계적으로 급증하는 전력수요에 대처하고, $CO_2$ 배출을 줄이고자 인구가 밀집되어 있는 도심지에 복합화력 발전소가 건설되고 있다. 환경규제가 계속적으로 강화됨에 따라 NOx 배출량을 줄이고자 저 NOx 버너, SCR 등 여러 가지 설비들을 설치하고 있다. 본 연구는 경기도 고양시 소재의 일산열병합발전소 1개소에서 배출되는 질소산화물을 TMS를 이용하여 배출계수를 산정하여 이를 전산유체동역학(CFD)에 적용하여 질소산화물의 거동을 살펴보고, 현장 실측 결과와 비교 검토하였다. 실측 기간 중 측정 시간에 따른 주 풍향 풍속의 순간적인 변화로 인해 실측 결과와 CFD 모델링 결과의 차이가 나타날 수 있으나, 모델링 결과와 실측 결과는 대부분 예측지점에서 유사한 농도로 나타났다. 향후 주변농도를 고려한 기여농도를 산출하여 실측농도에 가까운 예측농도 도출이 가능 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.249-255
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• 1999

We sdudied effect of additives on catalytic activity in thermal catalytic de-NOx process which was composed of thermal reduction, catalytic reduction and catalytic oxidation stage. Pd-Pt/${\gamma}$-$Al_2O_3$ catalysts with the addition of transition metals(Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, W, Zn, Zr) and rare earth metals(Ce, Sr) were prepared by the conventional washcoating method. Those catalysts were characterized by CO pulse chemisorption, ICP, $N_2$ adsorption, SEM and XRD. The effect of catalyst additives on NOx removal for diesel emission was studied in thermal catalytic de-NOx process at reduction temperature(350~50$0^{\circ}C$), space velocity(5,000~20,000 $hr^{-1}$) and the engine load(0~120kW). The concentraton of CO, $CO_2$, NO and $NO_2$ in the exhaust gas increased with the engine load. On the other hand the concentration of $O_2$ decreased. The de-NOx activityof all prepared catalysts increased with respect to high CO and low $O_2$ level in the thermal reduction stage of the process. Insertion of Ce to Pt-Pd/${\gamma}$-$Al_2O_3$ catalyst showed the best activity of all the catalysts under these experimental conditions. De-NOx catalysts are effective to remove CO in addition to NOx in the catalytic reduction stage.