• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.72-83
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• 2015

천연기념물 제1호인 도동 측백나무군락지에 대한 식물상 연구를 통하여 측백나무와 함께 지역 고유의 식생을 구성하는 식물종의 다양성을 발굴하고, 생태학적 특성을 분석하여, 국가식생/식물자원의 가치를 고찰하고자 하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 밝혀진 도동 측백나무림의 식물상은 67과 147속 199종 16변종, 4품종, 219분류군으로 확인되었다. 출현종 가운데 멸종위기종은 확인되지 않았으나, IUCN 기준의 취약종인 모감주나무와 약관심종인 측백나무, 가침박달의 분포가 확인되었다. 연구지역은 지질학적 연구에서 비석회암지역으로 분류되고 있으나, 측백나무를 포함한 부싯깃고사리, 금털고사리, 돌좀고사리, 산조팝나무, 분꽃나무, 청가시나무 등의 호석회식물이 다소 많은 수(15종)가 분포하고 있으며, 털개살구, 털조록싸리, 큰구와꼬리풀, 개나리(식재기원) 등 한국 특산식물도 4분류군이 분포하고 있어, 지역 종급원 형성에 중요한 서식처의 하나로 판단된다. 귀화식물은 큰닭의덩굴, 소리쟁이, 물냉이, 미국가막사리, 개망초 등의 분포가 확인되었으며, 귀화율과 도시화지수가 3.6%와 2.2%로 대구지역에 비해 매우 낮은 수치를 보였으며, 귀화식물에 의한 지역 생태계의 교란위협 정도는 높지 않은 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구지역은 측백나무가 고유의 식생경관을 구성하고 있다는 점뿐 아니라 국내에서 자생하는 측백나무림의 최남단분포지라는 것에서 큰 의미를 가지며, 서식처를 반영한 고유한 지역식물 구성종들이 독특한 종조성을 형성하고 있어 생태학적 보존가치가 높이 평가되었다. 나아가 측백나무 자생지의 서식처에 대한 질적 가치를 훼손하지 않는 보존방안의 필요성을 제기하였으며, 지속가능한 보전을 위한 방안들을 고찰하였다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2017

산림에서 나는 뽕나무버섯속(Armillaria)은 봄부터 가을에 걸쳐 나는 식용버섯으로 유기물을 분해하는 백색부후 부생균(saprophyte)이면서 동시에 나무를 죽이는 뿌리기생 병원균으로 비절대기생체(nonobligate parasite) 또는 임의기생체 (facultative parasite)이다. 이들은 산림생태계에서 자연간벌과 천이에 큰 기여를 한다. 이 속에는 전세계 40여 종이 알려져 있고 기주식물로는 침엽수, 활엽수, 목본덩굴식물과 초본식물도 포함한다. 이 버섯의 유전적 개체(genet)는 산림에서 수명이 길어서, 약 2,000여년을 살면서 약 960 ha의 면적까지도 퍼져 나가기도 한다. 간벌 등 숲가꾸기로 그루터기가 많이 생기는 요즘 산림에서 발생량이 증가하고 있으며, 산촌에서 중요한 소득원으로 인식되고 있다. 따라서 뽕나무버섯에 대하여 정확한 동정이 필요하다. 이 총설에서는 뽕나무버섯속의 분류학적 문제와 국내 7개 분포 종의 형태에 의한 분류검색표, 산림생태학적 및 산림병리학적 의미를 토의하였다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.349-357
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• 2009

Ballast water is widely recognized as a serious environmental problem due to the risk of introducing non-indigenous aquatic species. In this study we aimed to investigate measures which can minimize the transfer of aquatic organisms from ballast water. Securing more reliable technologies to determine the viability of aquatic organisms is an important initiative in ballast water management systems. To evaluate the viability of marine phytoplankton, we designed the staining methods of fluorescein diacetate (FDA) and Calcein-AM assay on each target species belonging to different groups, such as bacillariphyceae, dinophyceae, raphidophyceae, chrysophyceae, haptophyceae and chlorophyceae. The FDA method, which is based on measurements of cell esterase activity using a fluorimetric stain, was the best dye for determining live cells of almost all phytoplankton species, except several diatoms tested in this study. On the other hand, although fluorescence of Calcein-AM was very clear for a comparatively longer time, green fluorescence per cell volume was lacking in most of the tested species. According to the Flow CAM method, which is a continuous imaging technique designed to characterize particles, green fluorescence values of stained cells by FDA were significantly higher than those of Calcein-AM treatments and control, implying that the Flow CAM using FDA assay could be adapted as an important tool for distinguishing living cells from dead cells. Our results suggest that the FDA and Calcein-AM methods can be adapted for use on phytoplankton, though species-specific characters are greatly different from one organism to another.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.37-37
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• 2019

Cryopreservation is one of the ideal and suitable methods for long-term storage of plant germplasm. The plant contaminated with diseases and pathogens are decreased the multiplication rate, survival rate and high quality of plants after cryopreservation. The aim of this work was to improve a micropropagation method for lily in Korea, which are cultivars and indigenous plant. In the last process of rinsing scales after surface-sterilization, we tried to control the diseases and pathogens lived within the tissue by rinsing in 0.03% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) instead of sterile distilled water. Bulb scales of Lilium were cultured in vitro on MS medium supplemented with Plant Preservative Mixture (PPM). The newly small bulb formed from bulb-scales was transferred to MS medium. We checked the non-contamination and survival rate after 2 weeks in culture. Non-contamination was shown to be 70 to 90% in formed small bulbs. This study will help to mitigate microbial contamination in Lilium species micropropagation for cryopreservation.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2006

Various marine plankton were observed in the ballast water of vessels entering Incheon and Busan harbors. The ballast water of which age ranged from 2 to 54 days originated from the coastal waters of New Zealand, Taiwan, Singapore, Japan, Hong Kong and Pakistan, and from the Pacific Ocean. The total number of marine plankton taxa in 9 ballast tanks of different ships was 170: 90 phytoplankton, 24 protozoa and 56 zooplankton. The most diverse taxonomic groups were diatoms in phytoplankton, ciliates in protozoa and copepods in zooplankton. Classifying the specimens by size, above 50% of the number species of phytoplankton belonged to the size range between 50 and 150 Un. Protozoa and metazooplankton were found frequently in the size range between 50 and $120{\mu}m$ and 500 and $1,000{\mu}m$, respectively. The relationship between the species number and the age of ballast water was not significant. This is because of difference of filtration amounts derived from discordance of collecting samples. Among plankton observed in ballast water, some harmful algae and non-indigenous aquatic species were identified. Therefore, we need to investigate whether these species can inhabit in Korean coastal waters in further study.

• 생태와환경
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.38-50
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• 2015

서부 DMZ 인접지역의 담수어류 출현양상을 밝히기 위하여 2014년 조사를 실시하였다. 조사기간 동안 채집된 어류는 14과 61종이었고, 우점종은 피라미 (Zacco platypus, 상대풍부도 20.3%), 아우점종은 참갈겨니 (Z. koreanus, 12.6%)였고, 그 밖에 밀어 (Rhinogobius brunneus, 9.2%), 돌고기 (Pungtungia herzi, 4%), 줄납자루 (Acheilognathus yamatsutae, 4.4%), 모래무지 (Pseudogobio esocinus, 4.0%) 등의 순으로 우세하게 출현하였다. 출현종 중 고유종은 25종(40.1%)이었고, 외래어종은 떡붕어 (Carassius cuvieri) 1종이었다. 천연기념물은 어름치 (Hemibarbus mylodon) 1종이었고, 멸종위기야생생물은 I급의 흰수마자 (Gobiobotia naktongensis)와 II급의 다묵장어 (Lethenteron reissneri), 묵납자루 (A. signifer), 가는돌고기 (Pseudopungtungia tenuicorpa), 돌상어 (G. brevibarba), 꾸구리 (G. macrocephala) 6종이었으며, 회유성 어종은 뱀장어 (Anguilla japonica, 강하성)와 은어 (Plecoglossus altivelis, 양측회유성) 2종이 채집되었다. 조사지역 중 사미천 하류부(St. 5, 6)와 군남댐 인근(St. 11, 14)은 서식지가 다양하고 인위적 교란이 적어 33~42종의 많은 종이 서식하고 있었는데, 특히 천연기념물 1종과 멸종위기야생생물 3~5종이 집단으로 서식하고 있어 보전가치가 매우 높았다.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.243-247
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• 2004

Sphingomonas chlorophenolica ATCC39723 was successfully labeled with the gfp (green fluorescent protein) gene inserted into the pcpB gene by homologous recombination. As the gfp recombinant was easily distinguished from other indigenous organisms, the population of gfp recombinant was monitored after being released into the soil microcosms. Their population density dropped from 10$\^$8/ to 10$\^$6/ (cfu/$m\ell$) in the non-sterilized soil microcosms during the first 6 days. Moreover, the gfp recombinant was not detected even at lower dilution rates after a certain time period. The recombinant, however, survived for at least 28 days in the sterilized soil microcosms. Although the gfp recombinant did not degrade pentachlorophenol (PCP), this experiment showed the possibility of using gfp as a monitoring reporter system for S. chlorophenolica ATCC39723 and potentially other species of Sphingomonas.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.1087-1093
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• 2005

The population diversity and seasonal changes of bacterial communities in rice soils were monitored using both culture-dependent approaches and molecular methods. The rice field plot consisted of twelve subplots planted with two genetically-modified (GM) rice and two non-GM rice plants in three replicates. The DGGE analysis revealed that the bacterial community structures of the twelve subplot soils were quite similar to each other in a given month, indicating that there were no significant differences in the structure of the soil microbial populations between GM rice and non-GM rice during the experiment. However, the DGGE profiles of June soil after a sudden flooding were quite different from those of the other months. The June profiles exhibited a few intense DNA bands, compared with the others, indicating that flooding of rice field stimulated selective growth of some indigenous microorganisms. Phylogenetic analysis of l6S rDNA sequences from cultivated isolates showed that, while the isolates obtained from April soil before flooding were relatively evenly distributed among diverse genera such as Arthrobacter, Streptomyces, Terrabacter, and Bacillus/Paenibacillus, those from June soil after flooding mostly belonged to the Arthrobacter species. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA sequences obtained from the soil by cloning showed that April, August, and October had more diverse microorganisms than June. The results of this study indicated that flooding of rice fields gave a significant impact on the indigenous microbial community structure; however, the initial structure was gradually recovered over time after a sudden flooding.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.730-734
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• 2019

Cryopreservation is one of the ideal and suitable methods for long-term storage of plant germplasm. The plant contaminated with diseases and pathogens are decreased the multiplication rate, survival rate and high quality of plants after cryopreservation. The aim of this work was to improve a micropropagation method for lily in Korea, which is indigenous plant. In the last process of rinsing scales after surface-sterilization, we tried to control the diseases and pathogens lived within the tissue by rinsing in 0.03% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) instead of sterile distilled water. Bulb scales of Lilium were cultured in vitro on MS medium supplemented with Plant Preservative Mixture (PPM). The results showed that L. tsingtauense accessions were observed ranged from 53.9 to 100% with a mean value of 76.8% and L. hansonii accessions were checked from 84.5 to 85.5% with a mean of 85% survival rate. The newly small bulb formed from bulb-scales was transferred to MS medium. We checked the presence of microorganisms and survival rate after 3 weeks in culture after examination of bacterial incidences. The results indicated that the non-contamination rate were shown ranged from 75.0 to 94.1% with mean value of 83.2% in L. tsingtauense species, and that L. hansonii were observed 85.1 to 91.7% with mean value of 88.4%. This study will provide a valuable basis for establishment of effective axenic cultures for in vitro micropropagation of Korean native lily species.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.5.1-5.9
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• 2019

Background: Live fish import may lead to the unintended introduction of pathogens. We examined the monthly distribution of microbial pathogens in ornamental finfish imported into South Korea over a 6-month period. Results: Vibrio alginolyticus was detected in one lemon damsel in June and July; V. vulnificus was detected in one lemon damsel, one caerulean damsel, and one pearl-spot chromis and one ocellaris clownfish in July, April, and May, respectively; Photobacterium damselae was detected in one ocellaris clownfish and one caerulean damsel in June and July, respectively; V. anguillarum was detected in one pearl-spot chromis in February; V. harveyi was detected in one ocellaris clownfish and two mandarin fish in February and April, respectively; Yersinia ruckeri was detected in a pearlscale goldfish group in June and July and in two colored carp groups in July; and Lactococcus garvieae was detected in a lemon damsel group and a sutchi catfish group in July and May, respectively. European catfish virus, the only viral pathogen detected, was found in two sutchi catfish groups in May. Conclusion: This study is the first to identify pathogenic species and the presence or absence of pathogens (non-quarantine diseases) in imported ornamental finfish. These results demonstrate that various pathogens with the potential to harm indigenous fish populations can accompany ornamental finfish imported into South Korea.