• Title/Summary/Keyword: NO

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Effect of Alkali Metal Nitrates on the Ru/C-catalyzed Ring Hydrogenation of m-Xylylenediamine to 1,3-Cyclohexanebis(methylamine)

  • Kim, Young Jin;Lee, Jae Hyeok;Widyaya, Vania Tanda;Kim, Hoon Sik;Lee, Hyunjoo
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.1117-1120
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    • 2014
  • Ru/C-catalyzed hydrogenation of m-xylylene diamine into 1,3-cyclohexanebis(methylamine) was greatly accelerated by the presence of $LiNO_3$, $NaNO_2$, or $NaNO_3$. It was found that the effect of the nitrate salt was significantly affected by the size of cation. The promoting effect of the nitrate salt increased with the decrease of the cation size: $LiNO_3$ ~ $NaNO_2$ > $KNO_3$ > $CsNO_3$ >> [1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium]$NO_3$. XRD analysis of the recovered catalysts after the hydrogenation reactions showed that $LiNO_3$ and $NaNO_2$ were completely transformed into LiOH and NaOH, respectively, along with the evolution of $NH_3$, while $KNO_3$ and $CsNO_3$ remained unchanged.

Effects of Interleukin-$1\beta$, Tumor Necrosis Factor-$\alpha$ and Interferon-$\gamma$ on the Nitric Oxide Production and Osteoclast Generation in the Culture of Mouse Bone Marrow Cells

  • Kwon, Young-Man;Kim, Se-Won;Ko, Seon-Yle
    • International Journal of Oral Biology
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.67-72
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    • 2006
  • Nitric oxide(NO) is a labile, uncharged, reactive radical that functions as a sensitive mediator of intercellular communication in diverse tissues. It has been reported that NO is produced by osteoblast and these results may suggest that NO is integrally involved in the regulation of osteoclast formation and osteoclast resorption activity by osteoblastic cells. We examined the effect of cytokines on NO release by mouse bone marrow cell. We also examined the effects of cytokines and sodium nitroprusside(SNP) on the formation of osteoclast-like cell from mouse bone marrow cells in culture. Cytokines stimulated NO production of mouse bone marrow cells, and N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, a specific inhibitor of NO synthase, suppressed the cytokine-induced NO production. SNP showed dual action in the generation of osteoclasts. The addition of $30{\mu}M$ SNP inhibited the formation of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP)(+) multinucleated cell, whereas lower concentration($3{\mu}M$) of SNP enhanced it. Although the precise action of NO remains to be elucidated in detail, the action of NO in osteoclast generation in our studies seems to be associated, at least in part, with bone metabolism and bone pathophysiology.

Study on the Indoor-Outdoor $NO_2$ Levels and Related Factors in Urban Apartments (도시아파트의 실내외 $NO_2$ 농도와 관련요인에 관한 연구)

  • Suh, Byung-Seong;Kim, Sung-Hwan;Kim, In-Shik;Hur, Yun-Young;Do, Sou-Young;Kim, Jung-Man;Kim, Joon-Youn
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.30 no.3 s.58
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    • pp.609-622
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    • 1997
  • Nitrogen dioxide $(NO_2)$ has been regarded as one of the main elements among air pollutants, and we measured $NO_2$ levels of near gas range, kitchen, living room and outdoor on 489 apartments in Pusan area. $NO_2$ were sampled by using Palmes tubes (diffusion tube sampler) during August 16-25, 1995 (summer) and January 15-29, 1996 (winter), respectively. Authors wanted to know comparison of $NO_2$ levels in summer and winter, $NO_2$ levels categorized by variables, and variables affected to $NO_2$ levels. According to this study, we conducted to establish the degree of indoor-outdoor air pollution of urban apartments in Korea and methods to reduce indoor air pollution. The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1) Mean $NO_2$ levels of near gas range, kitchen, living room, and outdoor were $25.9{\pm}10.0ppb,\;23.3{\pm}8.0ppb,\;19.9{\pm}6.1ppb,\;and\;19.0{\pm}6.0ppb$ in summer, and $34.5{\pm}16.8ppb,\;28.2{\pm}13.4ppb,\;25.3{\pm}12.5ppb,\;21.8{\pm}9.8ppb$ in winter, respectively. 2) Mean $NO_2$ levels according to the floor levels were not significantly different in summer, and in winter, $NO_2$ levels were decreased as the floor levels were increasing, but those were increased above 16th floor. 3) Variables showing significant correlation(p<0.05) with $NO_2$ levels were as follows; Summer: floor level, family size, number of family during a meal, number using gas range during rice cooking per day, and natural ventilation. Winter: floor level, family size, number of person who have been respiratory disease in a house, number of family during a meal, total number of meals, and number using gas range during rice or side-dish cooking per day. 4) We suggest that the methods of reducing indoor $NO_2$ levels are ventilation during cooking, complete combustion, decreasing number and time of cooking, and substitution of fuels.

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NO-WAIT OR NO-IDLE PERMUTATION FLOWSHOP SCHEDULING WITH DOMINATING MACHINES

  • WANG JI BO;XIA ZUN QUAN
    • Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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    • v.17 no.1_2_3
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    • pp.419-432
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    • 2005
  • In this paper we study the no-wait or no-idle permutation flowshop scheduling problem with an increasing and decreasing series of dominating machines. The objective is to minimize one of the five regular performance criteria, namely, total weighted completion time, maximum lateness, maximum tardiness, number of tardy jobs and makespan. We establish that these five cases are solvable by presenting a polynomial-time solution algorithm for each case.

부산광역시 지하철역의 계절별 오염물질 분포특성

  • 이화운;박종길;장난심;이희령;김희만
    • Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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    • 2003.11b
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    • pp.339-341
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    • 2003
  • 2000년 9월에서 2003년 1월까지 부산 지하철역을 대상으로 CO, NO, $NO_2$ 그리고 $O_3$등 오염물질 4가지를 측정하고 그 결과를 계절별로 분석하여 요약하면, 봄에는 실내인 승강장에서 연산동역과 남포동역의 NO, $NO_2$ 농도가 높았다. 여름과 가을에는 연산동역의 승강장 $O_3$ 농도가 다른 역에 비해서 높은 것으로 나타났다. 겨울에는 다른 계절에 비해서 NO, $NO_2$는 대부분 역에서 입구가 높게 나타났고, $O_3$농도가 모든 역에서 아주 낮은 농도분포를 보였다.

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CCITT NO. 7 신호방식 소개

  • 송평중;이남희
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Communication Sciences Conference
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    • 1986.04a
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    • pp.18-23
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    • 1986
  • The CCITT No.7 is a general purpose common channel signalling system developed by CCITT. The paper, which is weitten according to CCITT Red book Fascicle VI.7 and VI.8, gives an overall of the introduction to CCITT No.7: 'background of No.7 being recommended'. 'application fields of No.7', 'overall structure of No.7'. and 'functions of each layer'. The trends of future CCITT study is also included.

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Isolation of Polyacrylamide-degrading Microorganisms from Soil

  • Matsuoka, H.;Ishimura, F.;Takeda, T.;Hikuma, M.
    • Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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    • v.7 no.5
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    • pp.327-330
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    • 2002
  • Two polyacrylamide degrading bacterial strains, No. 2 and No. 11, were isolated from soil, and identified as Bacillus sphaericus No.2 and Acinetobacter sp. No. 11, respectively. Both strains grew on medium containing polyacrylamide as sole carbon and nitrogen sources. B. sphaericus No. 2 and A. sp. No. 11 reduced by 16% and 19%of the initial polyacrylamide concentration, respectively. Optimal pH and temperature in growth of Acinetobacter sp. No. 11 were 8.0 and $37^{\circ}C$, respectively. After 14-day cultivation of A. sp. No. 11, the average molecular weight of polyacrylamide has been shifted from $2.3{\times}10^6\;to\;0.5{\time}106$.

A study of Distribution Characteristic of NO2 Concentration at Busan Metropolitan City (부산광역시 NO2 농도 분포 특성에 관한 연구)

  • Jang Nan-Sim
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.14 no.11
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    • pp.1035-1047
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    • 2005
  • By using hourly $NO_2$ concentration data$(1998\~2000)$ at the Busan Metropolitan City air qualify monitoring sites, characteristics of daily mean value of $NO_2$ concentration was discussed in space and time. The correlation between $NO_2$ concentration and other relating air pollutants was analyzed by using SAS program and meteorological parameters as well. After choosing representative 4 areas, this study used hourly concentration data$(1998\~2000)$ from air quality monitoring sites on $NO_2,\;NO,\;O_3,\;CO,\;SO_2\;and\;PM_{10}$. Typical metropolitan characteristics of two peaks in a day was shown in the variation of $NO_2$ concentration of Busan city.

Personal $NO_{2}$ Exposures of Taxi Drivers (서울시 일부 택시기사의 이산화질소 개인폭로량에 관한 연구)

  • 김윤신;전후민;홍승철
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.9-16
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    • 1991
  • Personal NO$_{2}$ expousre and time activity patterns were measured during March, 1991 for 46 taxi drivers in the Seoul area. Badge-type personal samplers were worn for 24 hours by taxidrivers for monitoring personal expousre to NO$_{2}$. A standard respiratory questionnaire was administered and pulmonary function test was performed using a protable spirometry. The mean concentrations of personal NO$_{2}$ expousres of taxi drivers were 0.55ppm. Personal NO$_{2}$ exposures of taxi drivers were seemed to be higher in longer period of driving, smokers, and use of LP gas in homes. Prevalence rate of respiratory symptoms and the level of pulmonary function(FEV$_{1.0}$ and FVC) seemed to be related to higher personal NO$_{2}$ concentrations. It is concluded that persoanl NO$_{2}$ expousres of taxi drivers are probably affected by indoor NO$_{2}$ levels of a tax/and their common activities.

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STUDY ON UTILITY OF NITRATE CONTENT IN EDIBLE PARTS OF CROPS AS AN INDICATOR OF SIMPLIFIED JUDGEMENT FOR SUPERIOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (질소비료 저투입에 의한 우수농산물 간이판정지표로서 주요농작물의“가식부위내 $NO-3^-$함량”활용가능성에 관한 연구)

  • 손상목;오경석
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.2-15
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    • 1993
  • Major vegetables and fruits in Korea are grouped in 3 Categories according to the Concentration of NO3- content in edible parts of the plant. NO3- content are high in order fruit

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