• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 근적외선 분광광도계를 이용하여 원유의 체세포수 측정에 필요한 최적의 색소를 선정하기 위하여 eosin-Y, methyl red, methylen blue, resazurin 및 amido black 10B등의 5가지 색소를 0.01%첨가 후 근적외선 분광광도계를 이용하여 400-2,500 nm 영역에서 측청하였으며, PLS(partial least squar)분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 교정부 모델에서의 상관도는 raw milk 0.78, eosin-Y 0.65, methyl red 0.63, methylen blue 0.65, resazurin 0.98 그리고 amido black 10B는 0.99 였다. 또한, 검증부 모델에서의 상관도는 raw milk 0.49, eosin-Y 0.21, methyl red 0.36, methylen blue 0.47, resazurin 0.95 그리고 amido black 10B는 0.98 였다. 위 결과를 종합해 보면, amido black 10B를 첨가한 경우 검증부 모델의 상관도는 0.98, 검증부 오차(SEP)는 0.09로 가장 우수한 결과를 보였다.

• 공업화학
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.611-615
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 바나듐 산화물($VO_2$)과 텅스텐이 도핑된 바나듐 산화물(W-$VO_2$) 분말을 바나듐 산화물($V_2O_5$)과 옥살산수화물로부터 수열합성과 하소공정을 통하여 성공적으로 제조하였다. 시료들의 결정구조와 열변색 특성들은 FE-SEM, XRD, XPS, DSC 및 UV-Vis-NIR 분광기를 이용하여 분석하였다. W-$VO_2$ 시료에 W의 도핑량을 증가시키면, W-$VO_2$ 시료의 상전이 온도가 $70^{\circ}C$에서 $42^{\circ}C$로 낮아지는 경향이 있었다. 또한, W-$VO_2$ 시료를 상전이 온도 이상으로 가열시키면 UV-Vis-NIR 곡선이 가시광 영역에서는 변하지 않고 NIR 영역에서는 낮은 투과도 방향으로 이동하는 경향이 있었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.603-610
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• 2008

본 연구는 향미 및 다면적 재래 벼 유전자원에 대하여 근적외선 분광분석법을 이용하여, 현미 및 벼 상태의 향미자원으로부터 spectrum을 획득 후, 아밀로스함량과 단백질함량분석을 하고자 실시하였다. 75점의 향미 및 다면적 재래 유전자원의 현미로부터 측정한 단백질함량의 범위는 3.8-9.3%였으며, 평균 단백질함량은 7.1%이고 아밀로스함량의 범위는 8.5-27.4%였으며, 평균 아밀로스함량은 20.3%이었다. 79점의 향미 및 다면적 재래 유전자원에 대한 벼 상태 및 현미상태에서의 NIR 원시 spectrum을 나타낸 것으로 1,490 nm 이상의 파장범위에서 큰 차이를 보였다. NIR 원시 spectrum을 MPLS방법에 의해서 벼 상태로부터 얻은 spectrum은 1,4,4,1수 처리 방법, 현미상태로부터 얻은 spectrum은 2,4,4,1 수 처리 방법의 결과가 유의성이 높았다. 벼 상태에 대한 MPLS(1,4,4,1)방법에 의한 $R^2$ 및 SEC 값은 protein은 $R^2$ 값이 0.871, SEC 값이 1.37이었고, amylose는 $R^2$값이 0.815, SEC 값이 0.29이었으며, 현미상태의 경우 MPLS(2,4,4,1)방법에 의한 $R^2$ 및 SEC 값은 protein은 $R^2$값이 0.943, SEC값이 0.90이며 amylose는 $R^2$값이 0.859, SEC 값이 0.37로 높은 유의성을 나타내었다. 습식 분석 데이터와 NIR 예측 data에 대한 차이를 살펴보았더니, 평균 단백질 함량의 차이는 벼 상태는 0.06, 현미상태는 0.12 였고, 평균 아밀로스 함량 차이도 벼 상태는 0.33이었고 현미상태는 0.37로 근소한 차이를 보였다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1996년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.52-55
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• 1996

The spectra of whole blood EDTA samples from two people were generated using a CARY 5E (UV-VIS-NIR) spectrophotometer from 400 to 1000nm which contain visible and NIR region. Only the data between 400 and 800nm were used to analyze the components of blood. Using the same spectrophotometer, the spectra of Water, normal saline, plasma were generated These spectra were subtracted from each blood sample, and then the first derivative of each of the subtracted data was taken to minimize baseline variations and indicated the wavelength-shift of peak and valley. Normalization and division between two blood samples were used to correlate the quantity ratio of specific components with feature of spectra. Samples were controlled at $30^{\circ}C,\;37^{\circ}C$, ambient temperature.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 2000년도 THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ENGINEERING. V.III
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• pp.569-577
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• 2000

The position of tobacco leaves is affluence to the quality. To evaluate its quality, sample leaves was collected according to the position of attachment. In Korea, the position was divided into four classes such as high, middle, low and inside positioned leaves. Until now, the grade of standard sample was determined by human expert from korea ginseng and tobacco company. Many research were done by the chemical and spectrum analysis using NIR and computer vision. The grade of tobacco leaves mainly classified into 5 grades according to the attached position and its chemical composition. In high and low positioned leaves shows a low level grade under grade 3. Generally, inside and medium positioned leaf has a high level grade. This is the basic research to develop a real time tobacco leaves grading system combined with portable NIR spectrum analysis system. However, this research just deals with position recognition and grading using the color machine vision. The RGB color information was converted to HSI image format and the sample was all investigated using the bundle of tobacco leaves. Quality grade and position recognition was performed through well known general error back propagation neural network. Finally, the relationship about attached leaf position and its grade was analyzed.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.715-722
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• 2016

Rapid determination of food quality is important in food distribution. In this study, the chemical properties of oats were analyzed using visible-near infrared (VIS-NIR) spectroscopy. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a predictive model of oat quality by VIS-NIR spectroscopy. A total of 200 oat samples were collected from domestic and import markets. Reflectance spectra, moisture, protein, fat, Fe, and K of oat samples were measured. Reflectance spectra were measured in the wavelength range of 400 - 2,500 nm at 2 nm intervals. The reflectance spectrum of an oat sample was measured after sample cell and reflectance plate spectrum measurement. Preprocessing methods such as normalization and $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$ derivations were used to minimize the spectroscopic noise. The partial-least-square (PLS) models were developed to predict chemical properties of oats using a commercial software package, Unscrambler. The PLS models showed the possibility to predict moisture, protein, and fat content of oat samples. The coefficient of determination ($R^2$) of moisture, protein, and fat was greater than 0.89. However, it was hard to predict Fe and K concentrations due to their low concentrations in the oat samples. The coefficient of determinations of Fe and K were 0.57 and 0.77, respectively. In future studies, the stability and practicability of these models should be improved by using a high accuracy spectrophotometer and by performing calibrations with a wider range of oat chemicals.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.92-103
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• 2003

Research and technological advances in the field of remote sensing have greatly enhanced the ability to detect and quantify physical and biological stresses that affect the productivity of agricultural crops. Reflectance in specific visible and near-infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum have proved useful in detection of nutrient deficiencies. Especially crop canopy sensors as a ground remote sensing measure the amount of light reflected from nearby surfaces such as leaf tissue or soil and is in contrast to aircraft or satellite platforms that generate photographs or various types of digital images. Multi-spectral vegetation indices derived from crop canopy reflectance in relatively wide wave band can be used to monitor the growth response of plants in relation to environmental factors. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), where NDVI = (NIR-Red)/(NIR+Red), was originally proposed as a means of estimating green biomass. The basis of this relationship is the strong absorption (low reflectance) of red light by chlorophyll and low absorption (high reflectance and transmittance) in the near infrared (NIR) by green leaves. Thereafter many researchers have proposed the other indices for assessing crop vegetation due to confounding soil background effects in the measurement. The green normalized difference vegetation index (GNDVI), where the green band is substituted for the red band in the NDVI equation, was proved to be more useful for assessing canopy variation in green crop biomass related to nitrogen fertility in soils. Consequently ground remote sensing as a non destructive real-time assessment of nitrogen status in plant was thought to be useful tool for site specific crop nitrogen management providing both spatial and temporal information.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.296-300
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• 2012

국내산 콩과 수입콩의 판별에 NIRS를 도입함으로써 보다 빠르고 정확한 식별분석을 하고자 실험을 수행하였다. NIRS를 사용하여 400~2,500 nm 범위에서 콩 분말의 파장을 측정하였으며, 측정된 spectrum은 WINISI II program 을 이용하여 수처리와 회귀분석을 하였다. 검량식 작성을 위한 수처리는 spectrum을 1차미분 및 4 nm gap으로 조정한 것이 가장 적합하였으며, 회귀식은 변형부분최소자승회귀법(Modified partial least squares regression)이 우수하였다. MPLS 회귀분석시 원산지 판별을 위해 loading value를 국내산 콩은 '100', 수입콩은 '1'로 처리하여 검량식을 작성하고 그 적합성을 검증한 결과 factor가 10일 때 도출된 calibration equation의 상관값이 0.98, 교차검증의 상관값이 0.94를 나타내어 상관도가 높음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 NIRS를 이용한 국내산 콩과 수입콩의 판별분석이 가능할 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 2000년도 THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ENGINEERING. V.II
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• pp.210-218
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• 2000

Since the SSC(soluble solid contents) and titratable acidity of fruit are highly concerned to the taste, the need for measuring them by non-destructive technology such as NIR(Visual and Near-infrared) spectroscopy is increasing. Specially, in order to grade the quality of each fruit with a sorter at sorting and packing facilities, technologies for online measurement satisfying the tolerance in terms of accuracy and speed should be developed. Many researches have been done to develop devices to measure the internal qualities of fruit such as SSC, titratable acidity, firmness, etc. with the VIS(Visual)/NIR(Near Infrared) reflectance spectra. The distributions of the SSC, titratable acidity, firmness, etc. are different with respect to the position and depth of fruit, and generally the VIS/NIR light can interact with fruit in a few millimeters of pathlength, and it is very difficult to measure the qualities of inner flesh of fruit. Therefore, to measure the average concentrations of each quality factor such as SSC and titratable acidity with the reflectance-type NIR devices, the spectra of fruit at several positions should be measured. Recently, the interest about the transmittance-type VIS/NIR devices is increasing. NIR light can penetrate through the fruit about 1/10-1/1,000,000 %. Therefore, very intensive light source and very sensitive sensor should be adopted to measure the transmitted light spectra of intact fruit. The ultimate purpose of this study was to develop a device to measure the transmitted light spectra of intact fruit such as apple, pear, peach, etc. With the transmittance-type VIS/NIR device, the feasibility of measurement of the SSC and titratable acidity in intact fruit cultivated in Korea was tested. The results are summarized as follows; A simple measurement device which can measure the transmitted light spectra of intact fruit was constructed with sample holder, two 500W-tungsten halogen lamps, a real-time spectrometer having a very sensitive CCD array sensor and optical fiber probe. With the device, it was possible to measure the transmitted light spectra of intact fruit such as apple, pear and peach. Main factors affecting the intensity of transmitted light spectra were the size of sample, the radiation intensity of light source and the integration time of the detector. Sample holder should be designed so that direct light leakage to the probe could be protected. Preprocessing method to the raw spectrum data significantly influenced the performance of the nondestructive measurement of SSC and titratable acidity of intact fruit. Representative results of PLS models in predicting the SSC of peach were SEP of 0.558 Brix% and R2 of 0.819, and those in predicting titratable acidity were SEP of 0.056% and R2 of 0.655.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.739-743
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• 2017

참기름에 옥수수기름과 콩기름을 일정비율로 혼합하여 나타나는 품질특성을 연구하였다. 차이식별검사, 색도, 산가, 요오드가, 지방산 조성 및 NIR을 이용하여 데이터를 분석해 보았다. 색도검사 결과 혼합률이 높아짐에 따라 L, a, b 값이 변하는 것을 확인할 수 있었으나, 혼합된 기름의 종류에 따른 특이적인 변화는 확인할 수 없었다. 혼합률이 증가함에 따라 산가는 감소하였지만 혼합유 종류에 따른 차이는 확인하기 어려웠다. 하지만 요오드가의 경우 혼합률에 따른 요오드가 변화 및 혼합유 종류에 따른 요오드가 변화 정도를 확인할 수 있었다. 지방산 조성 분석 결과, 혼합률의 변화와 혼합유의 종류에 따라 linolenic acid 및 특정 지방산 값이 확연히 변하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. NIR 분석은 다른 분석방법들에 비해 빠른 시간 안에 분석이 완료되었고, 옥수수 기름의 혼합률 변화에 따른 스펙트럼에는 시료 간 차이가 확인되었으나, 콩기름 혼합유 시료에 대해서는 시료 간 차이가 뚜렷하지 않았다. 결론적으로 참기름의 품질특성을 확인해 소비자의 먹거리 신뢰도를 향상시키기 위해서는 여러 가지 분석방법을 이용한 데이터의 축적이 선행되어야 할 것으로 판단되며, 추가적인 연구를 통해 이를 활용할 수 있는 방안이 마련될 것으로 기대된다.