• KIEE International Transaction on Electrical Machinery and Energy Conversion Systems
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• 제3B권3호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2003

This paper proposes a radiation model, which considers radiation transport as an important component in hot gas analysis. This radiation model is derived from combining the method of partial characteristics (MPC) with net emission coefficient (NEC), and it covers the drawbacks of existing models. Subsequently, using this proposed model, the arc-flow interaction in an arcing chamber can be efficiently computed. The arc is represented as an energy source term composed of ohmic heating and the radiation transport in the energy conservation equation. Ohmic heating term was computed by the electric field analysis within the conducting plasma region. Radiation transport was calculated by the proposed radiation model. Also, in this paper, radiation models were introduced and applied to the gas circuit breaker (GCB) model. Through simulation results, the efficiency of the proposed model was confirmed.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.338-341
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• 2002

The potato scab is caused by several species of Streptomyces. Among these species, only pathogenic strains were found to produce thaxtomin A characterized by necrotic bioassay and HPLC. In this study, identification of the pathogenic strains of Streptomyces was performed through the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) by using specific pathogenicity primer sets derived from the nec1 gene sequences of Streptomyces scabies. The expected PCR products were obtained approximately 580 bp and confirmed by sequencing. This PCR technique can be used effectively to identify the pathogenic Streptomyces species, that cause scab on potato tubers.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.296-309
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• 2022

In this paper, we establish the Fricke Group Γ_F (N) which is a new special group of Non-Euclidean Crystallograhic (NEC) group. We obtain this group whose congruence subgroup Γ₀(N) is expanded with Fricke reflection $F(z)={\frac{1}{N{\bar{z}}}}$. Then, we research and calculate the structure of signature and fundamental domain of this group. And then, we calculate the number of boundary components in the signature for this group. Finally, we find the 2, 3, ∞ valued link periods of these boundary components with the H. Jaffee technique.

• 한국자기학회:학술대회 개요집
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• 한국자기학회 2003년도 하계학술연구발표회 및 한.일 공동심포지엄
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• pp.268-269
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• 2003

• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조명전기설비학회 2000년도 학술대회논문집
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• pp.64-69
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• 2000

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.244-253
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• 1997

This study was performed to evaluate the possibility of inducing analgesia by electroacupuncture stimulation at single acupoint or combined acupoints and to examine the analgesic effects following the combination of premedication and electroacupunrture analgesia(EA). Analgesia was induced by EA with the current of 1-4 volts and the frequency of 10-45 Hz to the acupoints Uown to be related to analgesia on the head/necIL axial part thoracic and pelvic limb. In Yi Feng acupoint of head/neck part pain responses were not disappeared after electroacupunrture stimulation to the head/necIL thoracic limbo thoraxl abdomen, loin, rear and pelvic limb. Pain responses were remained after EA of Tian Men-Tian Ping and Shen Yu arupoints of axial park whereas hypoalgesia was observed after EA of Tian Ping-Bai Hui acupoint in all parts of body. There was no analgesic effects after EA stimulation of the brachial plexus and Wai Kuan acupoint, whereas after EA stimulation of San Yang Lo, pain responses were disappeared in headfnecll, thoracic limb and pelvic limbo and in the other parts of body hypoalgesia was shown. In EA stimulation of Tsu San Li acupoint pain responses were disappeared in pelvic limb and in San Yin Chiao acupoint pain responses were disappeared in head/necIL thoracic and pelvic limb, and hypoalgesia was shown in abdomen. On the combination of San Yang Lo Pli Men) and San Yin Chiao (Pu Yan6 acupoints, pain response in heauneck was decreased in 5 minutes, whereas analgesia in thoracic and pelvic limb was induced after 20-30 minutes and in abdomen was noted after 50 minutes. The more frequrncy was increased, the more rapid analgesic e11%t was induced. The analgesic effects wert not good in laparotomy under EA at the combination of San Yang Lo (Xi Men) and San Yin Chiao (Pu Yang) arufoints. Enteroanastomosis could not be continued under acrpromazine, xylazine and diazepam with EA. However, under EA followed by tiletaminetzolazepam, the operation could be completed without additional anesthesia and the analgesic effects were good. There were no changes in clinical signs, hematological and serological values after combination of the premeditation of tiletamine+zolaEepam and EA. It is considered that EA alone is not suitable for the main surgery, but the combination method of EA and sedatives can be utilized in practice.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.74-83
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• 2019

Purpose : The routine evaluation of gastric residuals (RGR) is considered standard care for premature infants. This study evaluated the usefulness of RGR in premature infants. Methods : The study retrospectively investigated 208 premature infants (gestational aged under 34 weeks) who underwent gavage feeding in a neonatal intensive care unit at a tertiary hospital. The patients were divided into two groups: RGR (n=104) and no-RGR (n=104). Those in the no-RGR group had their gastric residuals checked only if signs of feeding intolerance were present. Clinical outcomes, including the time to reach full enteral feeding (FEF) and the incidences of gastrointestinal disorders such as feeding intolerance (FI) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), were compared. Data were analyzed with SPSS ver. 21, using a Mann-Whitney U test, chi-squared test, and Fisher's exact test. Results : There was no statistically significant difference for the time to FEF (z=-0.61, p=.541), incidence of FI ($X^2=0.38$, p=.540), and NEC ($X^2=1.42$, p=.234) between the two groups. Conclusion : No-RGR did not increase the risk for FI or NEC. These results suggest that RGR evaluation may not improve nutritional outcomes in premature infants. Recommendations for further research and practice guidelines will be provided.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.70-85
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• 2006

본 조사 결과는 16개 병원에서 21명의 회원에 의해 수술 받은 환자 71명의 기록과 전체 설문응답지의 대상인 81명에 대한 설문 응답지를 후향적으로 분석한 것으로 자료로서의 정확성에 한계가 있으나 괴사성 장염이라는 질병에 대한 회원들의 전체적인 의견과 성향을 파악하는데 만족할 수 있었으며 회원들이 동일한 관심에 대하여 논의하는 과정 중에 각자의 관점을 정리하는 계기가 되었기를 기대한다. 앞으로 첨부한 설문지에 따라 환자마다 전향적으로 기술하여 학회에 등록하여 향후 괴사성장염에 대하여 다시 한번 논의하는 자리를 갖기를 바란다.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 2004년도 추계학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.99-100
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• 2004

AMBIDEXTER-NEC의 천이노심은 $^{Nat}Th$과 $^{Nat}U$의 주입만으로 전 출력의 Break-even 노심에 도달하기위한 중간 단계이다. 선행연구에서 수행한 전 출력노심인 평형노심의 핵종수밀도에 도달하기 위해서 평형노심에서의 기저물질, 잠재핵분열성물질, 핵분열물질의 수밀도를 각 SEU-기반, Pu-기반, ADS-기반에서 그대로 유지하여 초기노심을 구성하였다. 또 각 시나리오에 대해 최대첨두출력과 원자로의 안전성을 고려해 Excess Reactivity를 5mk 내에서 초기노심을 결정하였다. 각 노심은 주 핵분열성물질 $^{235}U$, $^{239}Pu$ 및 $^{233}U$의 핵반응단면적 특성에 따라 평균 전환율이 각각 0.95, 0.83 및 1 .21 로서 핵연료물질의 적절한 선택만으로도 전환로, 연소로 및 증식로로 설계할 수 있음을 보여준다. 이러한 $Th/^{233}U$, U/Pu 핵연료주기를 사용하는 AMBIDEXTER-NEC 용융염핵연료 원자로의 초기노심에서 시작한 천이노심은 평형노심에장전할 충분한 $^{233}U$ 양을 확보해야 하므로 천이노심의 목표는 평형노심 $^{233}U$의 요구량에 최소한의 기간에 가장 적은 외부주입을 통해 도달하는 것이다. 천이노심에서 임계가 유지되는 AMBIDEXTER-NEC 원자로시스템의 3군 핵종변환 코드인 HELIOS-SQUID-AMBIBURN 체제를 개발하였고 그림 1.에 나타내었다. 이 알고리즘은 각 초기노심 중원소의 미시단면적, 중원소를 제외한 원소들의 거시단면적, 임계도를 만족하는 중성자속 및 외부주입율을 계산하여 SQUID 및 AMBIBURN 입력자료를 제공한다. 또한 일정시간 중원소의 핵종농도, 외부주입율과 중성자속이 일정하다는 가정 하 에 반복수행 하고 SEU-기반과 Pu-기반의 경우에는 각각 핵변환을 거쳐 재순환되는 $^{233}U$ 및 $^{239}Pu$의 양을 바로 주입하는 최대재순환 경우와 평형노심 요구 장전량에 이를 때까지 시설 내 저장하는 최소재순환 경우로 상황을 모사하였다. 그림 2 는 각 시나리오별 초기노심에서부터 200FPD까지 단위 용융염 체적당 $^{233}U$의 수밀도 시간변화를 나타낸 것이다. 그림을 보면 50일 이후부터는 수밀도의 변화가 일정한 기울기를 보이고 있고 재처리공정에서 $^{233}Pa$를 분리하는 최소재순환의 경우에는 최대재순환보다 2-3%정도에 지나지않아 그림에서 나타내지않았다. SEU-기반 및 Pu-기반에서 $^{233}U$의 증가율이 각각 2.54E+13, 2.81E+13 #/cc/d 로 Pu 기반이 조금 더 큰 증가율을 나타내고 있지만 평형노심 농도 1.04E+20 #/cc/d 에 도달하기 위해서는 두 경우 모두 매우 긴 시간이 걸릴 것을 예상할 수 있다. 요컨대 250MWth AMBIDEXTER-NEC가 평형노심을 이루기 위해 필요로 하는 $^{233}U$을 생산하는데 제안한 SEU-기반, Pu-기반 시나리오는 천이노심주기기간이 전형적인 원자로 수명 3-40년 보다 매우 큰 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 장전될 $^{233}U$의 확보를 위한 최적옵션은 초기노심부터 ADS와 같은 외부생산시설로부터 전량을 공급 받아 운전하는 것이라 판단된다.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.175-182
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• 1990

Behavioural estrus and short estrous cycles were observed and serum concentrations of estradiol-17$\beta$(E2) before and after of estrous were measured following superovulation treatments in 30 pluriparous Korean native goats. The goats were divided into 2 groups. Fifteen goats were injected IM with 1,000IU PMSG on Day 12 of the estrous cycle followed by 10mg PGF2$\alpha$ 48h later(P4＋PMSG), and the other 15 goats were injected IM with 10mg progesterone(P4)in oil once daily for 10d beginning at any days of estrous cycle followed by 1,000IU PMSG and 10mg PGF2$\alpha$ at the 8th day of progesterone treatment(P4＋PMSG group). After injection of PGF2$\alpha$, onset of standing estrus occurred in 12 of 15 goats(80.0%) at 50.0$\pm$7.7h and in 11 of 15 goats(73.3%) at 135.6$\pm$10.1h in PMSG and group and P4＋PMSG group, respectively. The mean interval from PGF2$\alpha$ injection to first estrus was significantly(P<0.01) earlier in PMSG group than in P4＋PMSG group. This result indicate that the delayed infusion of P4 in P4＋PMSG group caused the later exhibition of their estrous behaviors. However, duration fo frist estrus(31.5$\pm$2.6h vs 26.2$\pm$2.3h), length of estrous cycle(14.1$\pm$3.3d vs 16.6$\pm$3.8d) and percentage of short estrous cycle(50.0% vs 45.5%) were not different between PMSG and P4＋PMSG group. The mean concentration of serum E2 in 4 goats showing normal estrous cycle in P4＋PMSG group(PP-NEC) was higher than in 6 goats showing normal(P-NEC) or in 6 goats showing short estrous cycle(P-SEC) in PMSG group. The peak level of serum E2 was observed at the time of onset of standing estrus in PP-NEC(67.6pg/ml), 6h earlier in P-NEC(53.1pg/ml) and 6h later in P-SEC(52.3pg/ml) than the onset of standing estrus. The profiles of serum concentration of E2 during the period of peri-estrus was similar in the goats of PMSG or P4＋PMSG and also in the goats showing the subsequent estrous cycle of normal or short length.