• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.140-147
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• 1985

Seventy four Holstein heifers were randomly assigned over three trials to PRID-7+PG-6 and Synchromate B-9 regimens to synchronize estrus cycle for embryo transfer. Sexual behaviors; moounting, standing, orientation, chin-resting, sniffing, licking, rubbing and butting, vaginal swelling and mucus discharge were observed between 06-08, 12-14 and 18-20 h on 1st day and 00-02, 06-08, 12-14 and 18-20 h on 2nd day after removal of hormones. Synchromate-B treatment (81.6%) showed higher synchronized estrus rate than PRID treatment (77.8%) during observation period. Standing estrus was observed within 74 h after PG injection in PRID and within 52 h after removal of implant in Synchromate-B. About 68% of heifers in PRID and 74% of heifers in Synchromate-B showed standing estrus between 0-14 h on 2nd day after removal of the hormones. Synchromate-B resulted in a tighter synchrony of standing estrus than PRID. Incidence of average mounting and standing per head during observation period was 22.3 and 16.6 in PRID and 28.1 and 13.6 in Synchromate-B. The PRID showed peak in active mounting at 18-20 h on 1st day, however, the Synchromate-B showed at 0-2 h on 2nd day after removal of hormone. Active standing was shown between 18 h on 1st day to 20h on 2nd day in PRID, however, between 0-14 h on 2nd day after removal of hormone is Synchromate-B. There was slight difference in pattern of active mounting and standing during estrus between PRID and Synchromate-B. Conception rate of synchronized heifers transferred with fresh and frozen embryos by non-surgical and surgical methods was higher in synchromate-B (62.5%) than in PRID (38.5%). Chin-resting showed highest incidence among 6 sexual behavioral components in the both treatments. Synchromate-B showed higher incidence of chin-resting (16.6) than PRID (10.7). Synchromate-B group showed also higher incidence of orientation, sniffing and butting than PRID group. Synchromate-B resulted in more active sexual behaviors than PRID. The pattern of incidence of chin-resting, licking and butting was almost symmetrical in PRID with their peak values at 6-8 h on 2nd day, however in Synchromate-B chin-resting and sniffing was symmetrical with their peak values at 12-14 h on 2nd day after removal of hormone. There was tendency to increase vaginal swelling according to time passage of synchronized estrus in the both treatments. Incidence of mucus discharge in Synchromate-B was slightly higher than in PRID. Twenty to 40% was false negative in conception rate by tall painting before re-estrus day as judged by rectal palpation.

• 음성과학
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.77-91
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• 2002

This study investigated the use of grammatical morphemes (substantive morphemes and connective endings) of Korean speaking children with and without language impairment (LI). Participants were two children (ages 5;11 and 6;2) with SLI (specific language impairment), two LD (language delay) children (ages 6;3 and 6;5) with 70-84 range on a performance-IQ test, and two children (ages 5;7 and 6;1) with ND (normal development). Spontaneous language samples were elicited by play activities and story generation. A total of 8,059 (M=I,343, ranged 966-1,659) intelligible and nonimitative utterances were analyzed by the KCLA 2.0 (Korean Computerized Language Analysis 2.0) program for substantive morphemes and connective endings. The findings of this study were as follows; (1) The Korean speaking children with LI including SLI demonstrated less uses of grammatical morphemes than ND children. (2) Few differences were found between LI and ND children in the use of the grammatical morpheme types. (3) LI children produced significantly higher percentage of grammatical morpheme errors in spontaneous speech than ND children. (4) Few differences were found between SLI and LD children in degrees of the use and the error of grammatical morphemes.

• 한국레이저가공학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2005

Weldability is largely dependent on the phase evolution and the microstructure of the weld. For the weldability of the $Cu_{54}Ni_6Zr_{22}Ti_{18}$ bulk metallic glass, the crystallization affects the sensitivity of the weld to the brittle failure. In order to suppress the irreversible crystallization, Nd:YAG laser welding was chosen. The pulsed Nd:YAG laser was irradiated onto the BMG plate and the effects of the pulse shape [peak power intensity and pulse duration time] on the crystallinity were evaluated.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.133-139
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• 1998

Serum samples collected from 30 breeders and their progeny 30 chicks. The antibodies against infectious bronchitis(IB), infectious bursal disease (IBD) and Newcastle disease(ND) viruses were detected by ELISA using commercial ELISA kit. The breeders were vaccinated against IB, IBD and ND viruses according to general vaccination program. Geometric mean titers(GMT) of ELISA were monitored from 1-day old to 17-day old chicks and compared with breeder chickens. The GMT of ELISA to IB, IBD and ND were declined half level of the breeder antibody titer at 6-, 8- and 7-day old. And, the GMT of ELISA to IB, IBD and ND were declined than that of protective titer at 6-, 1-, and 4-day old. Thereafter, the GMT of ELISA was declined and disappeared according to ages of chicks. Taken together, this study led to conclusion that time-course of maternal antibody titers of chicks from vaccinated breeders, and this is very important data for vaccination to chicks.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.736-743
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• 2007

Laser welding has the advantage of high welding speed and Provides low heat distortion Thus laser welding is a very attractive process for joining thin steel sheet and surface treated steel sheet. And the major item in market for surface treated steel sheet is zinc coated steel. However. the laser welding of zinc coated steel is very difficult because of its low boiling point. Compared with zinc, on the other hand, aluminum has a high boiling point. Thus, laser weldability of aluminized steel is better than that of zinc coated steel. Moreover aluminized steel sheet is a material with excellent heat resistance, thermal reflection and corrosion resistance. The results of laser weldability of the aluminized steel for the full penetration welding will be described in this paper We focused on the investigation of the phenomenons caused by coating condition and behavior of aluminum in weld.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.400-406
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• 2022

We numerically demonstrate that the inherent spiking behavior in the quasi-continuous-wave (QCW) operation of an Nd:YAG laser can be suppressed by adopting bias pumping. After spiking suppression, the output QCW pulses from a bias-pumped Nd:YAG laser are very stable, and they can maintain nearly the same temporal shape as that of pump pulse under different pump repetition rates and peak powers. Our study implies that bias pumping is an alternative method of spiking suppression in solid-state lasers, and the application areas of an Nd:YAG laser may be extended by bias pumping.

• 분석과학
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.423-433
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• 2004

본 연구는 서울시 상수도 계통에서 내분비계장애물질인 BPA 및 NP의 실태조사를 위해 2002년 9월부터 2003년 12월까지 수행되었다. 상수원 유역의 한강 및 지류천중의 BPA 및 NP의 수준은 다음과 같았다: 팔당댐, $ND{\sim}0.033{\mu}g/L$ 및 $ND{\sim}0.823{\mu}g/L$ ; 경안천, $ND{\sim}0.659{\mu}g/L$ 및 N$D{\sim}3.827{\mu}g/L$ ; 왕숙천, $ND{\sim}0.528{\mu}g/L$ 및 $ND{\sim}12.724{\mu}g/L$. 서울시 6개 취수장 원수중의 BPA 수준은 $ND{\sim}0.260{\mu}g/L$, NP의 농도는 $0.122{\sim}2.724{\mu}g/L$의 범위에 있었다. 그리고 왕숙천 수역을 중심으로 한 3개 정수장의 여과수와 그 수돗물에서 BPA는 모두 불검출된 반면에, NP는 전지점에서 ppt 수준으로 검출되었다. 또한, 먹는물의 정수처리공정에서 NP의 제거율은 정수장별 차이가 없이 80{\sim}95%로 높게 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구결과는 상수도 계통에서 BPA 및 NP의 농도는 한강유역에 존재하는 점오염원 및 하수처리장 방류량에 의존된다는 것을 시사하고 있다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.121-136
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• 1987

본 연구는 1983년부터 시작한 농작물중의 잔류농약 Monitoring program으로서 우리나라의 농작물중의 농약잔류량을 파악하고 이를 기초자료 (back data)로 우리나라 실정에 맞는 농작물중의 잔류농약허용량을 선정하기 위하여 시행되었다. 금년도에는 86년도의 대상농약인 유기인제 (8종), 카바메이트제(3종)에 유기염소제 살균제인 Captan, Captafol을 추가하였으며 대상식품으로 상치, 무우, 감자, 파, 감, 고구마를 예년도의 대상식품이었던 도마도, 풋고추, 사과, 복숭아, 콩, 오이, 배추중에는 Captan, Captafol을 경기, 충남, 경북, 전북의 4개 지역에서 채취하여 G.C.-NPD, ECD를 사용하여 그 잔류량을 조사한 결과 다음과 같다. 1. Diazinon은 32.0%의 검출율을 보였고 검출범위는 ND∼0.0872ppm, 평균은 0.0020ppm이었다. 2. Fenthion(MPP)는 16.4%의 검출율을 보였고 검출범위는 ND∼0.0395ppm, 평균은 0.0007ppm이었다. 상치, 가지, 고구마에서는 검출되지 않았다. 3. Fenitrothion(MEP)는 30.5%의 검출율을 보였고 검출범위는 ND∼0.0628ppm이었고 평균 0.0026ppm이었다. 4. Phenthoate(PAP)는 7.0%의 검출율을 보였고 검출범위는 ND∼0.0069ppm, 평균 0.0001ppm이었다. 감자, 가지, 감, 고구마에서는 검출되지 않았다. 5. EPN은 13.3%의 검출율을 보였고 검출범위는 ND∼0.0250ppm, 평균은 0.0030ppm이었다. 감자에서는 검출되지 않았다. 6. Dimethoate는 27.3%의 검출율을 보였으며 검출범위는 ND∼0.0826ppm, 평균은 0.0049ppm이었다. 7. Parathion은 22.7%의 검출율을 보였으며 검출범위는 ND∼0.0771ppm, 평균 0.0021ppm이었다. 김, 고구마에서는 검출되지 않았다. 8. Malathion은 10.9%의 검출율을 보였으며 검출범위는 ND∼0.0098ppm, 평균 0.0001ppm이었다. 상치, 무우에서만 검출되었다. 9. Carbaryl(NAC)은 6.3%의 검출율을 보였고 검출범위는 ND∼0.8452ppm, 평균은 0.0336ppm이었다. 상치와 쑥갓에서만 검출되었다. 10. Isoprocarb(MIPC)는 31.3%의 검출율을 보였고 검출범위는 ND∼0.1180ppm, 평균 0.0104ppm이었다. 11. BPMC는 22.7%의 검출율을 보였고 검출범위는 ND∼0.5106ppm, 평균 0.0085ppm이었다. 12. Captan은 58.7%의 검출율을 보였고 검출범위는 ND∼0.1970ppm, 평균은 0.005ppm이었다. 13. Captafol은 2.3%의 검출율을 보였고 검출범위는 ND∼0.0312ppm, 평균은 0.0003ppm이었다. Captafol은 파에서만 검출되었다.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.196-200
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• 2004

고에너지 Nd-Fe-B소결자석 제조용 strip-cast합금의 미세조직을 개선하기 위하여, Nd$_{14}$Fe$_{80}$B$_{6}$6의 기본 조성에 소량의 Cu (0.3 ～ 1.0 at%) Co (0.5 ～ 1.5 at%)를 각각 첨가하고 strip-casting법으로 합금을 제조한 후, 이들 Fe 치환원소의 첨가량 변화가 합금의 상형성, 상분포 및 조직 형성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. Cu첨가량이 증가함에 따라 용탕의 유동성이 증가하여 strip 두께가 감소함과 함께 strip표면에 수직한 방향으로의 수지상정 발달이 억제되었으나, Co첨가량이 증가한 경우에는 strip두께의 증가와 함께 strip표면에 수직한 방향으로 수지상정이 잘 발달하여 <001>방향으로의 preferred orientation이 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이들 Cu와 Co의 첨가는 모두 수지상정을 미세화하는 효과가 있었으나, Cu는 Fe의 정출을 안정화시키는 경향이 있어서 Cu가 함유된 함금에서는 종종 Fe가 종종 정출한 반면, Co는 초정 Fe의 정출을 억제하는 효과가 있었다. 한편, 소량의 Zr (0.3, 0.5 at%)을 첨가하였을 때에는 전체적인 결정립의 조대화와 함께 수지상정의 붕괴를 초래하였다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.401-407
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• 2009

Purpose : This study was designed to evaluate the clinical aspect of cysts which arised in the oral and maxillofacial region. Patients and Methods : We reviewed clinical record, radiograph, histopathologic and operative report of 155 patients who had been diagnosed as cysts and treated at the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery in Chonnam National University Hospital from January 2003 to December 2008. Gender, age, classifiaction, anatomic distribution, clinical sign and symptoms, treatment, complications and recurrence rate were studied. Results : 1. Among 155 patients, the male patients(64.5%) were more than the female(35.5%). 2. The average age ofthe patients was 37.2 years(ranging from 5 to 79 years). 3. In pathologic classification, radicular cyst and dentigerous cyst were most common cysts, irrespective of 73 cases(48.3%) and 35 cases(23.2%). 4. The frequently involved cystic regions were followed as mandibular molars(38.1%), and maxillary incisors(30.2%). 5. The frequent sequence of clinical symptoms was edema(29.9%), no symptom(18.9%), tenderness(13.9%), pain(11.5%) and abscess(9.4%). 6. The most prevalent treatment was the combination operation, such as cyst enucleation with extraction or endodontic treatment of the causative tooth(76.8%) 7. Among 155 cases, 2 cases that were treated using enucleation method were recurred(1.3%).