• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.561-563
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• 2019

This paper proposes a watermarking method for copyright protection of images used in VR. The Embedding method is that finds the point through the SIFT feature points, inserts the watermark by using DWT and QIM on the surrounding area. The objective image to extract the embedded watermark is the projected image and its method finds the SIFT feature points and extracts watermark data from its surrounding areas after correction by using inverse process of matching and projection in the VR image production process. By comparing the NCC and BER between the extracted watermark and the inserted watermark, the watermark is determined by accumulating the watermark having a threshold value or more. This is confirmed by comparing with a conventional method.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.235-242
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• 2014

This study was conduct to investigate the effect of Intermediate culture types on the growth and survival rate of the abalone, Haliotis discus hannai, in net cage and indoor tank. Intermediate cultures were to determine there that was to setting at marine net cage culture (NCC) in net cage, floor culture (FC), net floor culture (NFC), double shelter culture (DSC) and indoor net cage culture (INCC) in indoor tank, in two replicate. In the growth performance of juvenile abalone reared through intermediate culture, that the absolute growth rate ($AGR_{SL}$, $AGR_{SB}$), daily growth rate ($DGR_{SL}$, $DGR_{SB}$), and specific growth rate ($SGR_{SL}$, $SGR_{SB}$) to the shell length $(_{SL})$ and shell breadth $(_{SB})$ of NCC were higher than those of different groups (P < 0.05). As weight gain (WG), daily weight gain (DWG) and specific weight gain (SWG) to body weight through intermediate culture types in indoor tank was not significant. Also that, survival rate among experimental groups of intermediate culture in indoor tank was not significant. Therefore, these results is showed that should to cultivate for net cage so that intermediate culture of juvenile abalone over 2 cm, accordingly research to effective progress of juvenile abalone intermediate culture in indoor tank be should from various reason as well as feed and rearing condition.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.378-387
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• 2023

Petrochemical is an energy consuming industry that consumes about 30% of total industrial energy consumption and is a representative carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission source. Among them, the Naphtha Cracking Center (NCC), which produces ethylene, propylene, propane and mixed C4, consumes large amounts of energy and emits significant amounts of CO₂. For this reason, an integrated techno economic- environmental impact assessment aimed at reducing energy consumption and environmental impact factors is necessary to ensure efficiency in terms of economics and environment. This study aims to analyze the efficiency of the heat exchanger network used in the existing NCC base on the pinch analysis and select an improvement plan that can reduced energy consumption. In order to reduces the utility consumption in the process, an optimal heat exchanger network considering the high-temperature and low-temperature stream was derived, and the economic evaluation was conducted by considering the trade-off between the reduction in utility consumption and the increase in heat exchanger installation cost. In addition, an environmental impact assessment was conducted on the reduced CO₂ emission in consideration of the environmental aspect, and the economic environmental impact assessment used the payback period to recover the invested funds to come up with an energy saving plan that can be applied based on the actual process. As a result of considering the economic-environmental impact assessment, when the environmental impact assessment was not considered, it was 4.29 months, 3.21 months, and 3.39 months for each case, and when considering the environmental impact assessment, it was 4.24 months, 3.17 months, and 3.35 months for each case. These results appeared equally both when the environmental impact assessment was not include and when it was include. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was conducted for each case to determine how important factors affect the payback period. As a result of the sensitivity analysis, the cost of the heat exchanger was identified as a major factor influencing the overall cost.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.199-205
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• 2004

The nucleotide sequence of 8.6-kb EcoRI fragment containing sucrose phosphorylase gene isolated from Bifidobacterium longum SJ32 was determined. It was found that the fragment contained five open reading frames including the gene cluster for sucrose utilization such as a sucrose phosphorylase (ScrP), a sucrose transporter (ScrT), and a GalR-LacI-type transcriptional regulator (ScrR) identified by amino acid homology. Each gene showed over 94% amino acid homology among various B. longum strains. Genomic organization of the gene cluster is the same as those of other strains of B. longum but different from that of B. lactis. In spite of high homology of each gene among B. longum strains, the difference of flanking sequences of the gene cluster between strains SJ32 and NCC2705 insinuates the horizontal transfer of scrPTR between B. longum strains. The increase of sucrose phosphorylase activity in heterologous E. coli system by the co-expression of scrT with scrP against the single expression of scrP was measured. It seems to be the result of sucrose uptake increment by scrT in the host and is an indirect evidence that scrT is the gene for sucrose transport. The existence of multiple sucrose uptake systems in B. longum is supposed from the findings of several genes besides scrPTR involved in sucrose uptake in the genome of B. longum NCC2705.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.175-185
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a self - applied paint - on whitening gel combined with wrap to increase the effect of a whitening gel and minimize gingival irritation. Materials and Methods: Ninety adult volunteers were randomly treated to a control group and two experimental groups using whitening gel containing 2.8% and 3.0% hydrogen peroxide for 30 persons each. They had used the wrap and whitening gel on maxillary 4 anterior teeth for 30 minutes per day during 2 weeks. Whitening tooth color response was measured by VITA shade guide and ShadeEye $NCC^{(R)}$. And side effects were assessed from interview and intraoral examination. The efficacy and safety evaluations were statistically analyzed. Results: In the evaluation with VITA shade guide, there was significantly the whitening effect in experimental groups compared with the control group. In the evaluation with ShadeEye $NCC^{(R)}$, the 3.0% experimental group showed significantly the whitening effect compared to the control group and the 2.8% experimental group (P < 0.05). There were some complaints of minor side effects, but there did not find abnormal symptoms of the gingival stimulation in all groups. Conclusion: A self - applied paint - on whitening gel combined with wrap can be used as a useful self-whitening material because the whitening effect increases as the concentration of hydrogen peroxide from 2.8% to 3.0% and also no significant side effects are observed.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.226-232
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• 2007

We studied a Monte Carlo simulation of the proton beam delivery system at the National Cancer Center (NCC) using the Geant4 Monte Carlo toolkit and tested its feasibility as a dose verification framework. The Monte Carlo technique for dose calculation methodology has been recognized as the most accurate way for understanding the dose distribution in given materials. In order to take advantage of this methodology for application to external-beam radiotherapy, a precise modeling of the nozzle elements along with the beam delivery path and correct initial beam characteristics are mandatory. Among three different treatment modes, double/single-scattering, uniform scanning and pencil beam scanning, we have modeled and simulated the double-scattering mode for the nozzle elements, including all components and varying the time and space with the Geant4.8.2 Monte Carlo code. We have obtained simulation data that showed an excellent correlation to the measured dose distributions at a specific treatment depth. We successfully set up the Monte Carlo simulation platform for the NCC proton therapy facility. It can be adapted to the precise dosimetry for therapeutic proton beam use at the NCC. Additional Monte Carlo work for the full proton beam energy range can be performed.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.405-410
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• 2014

The purpose of this study in vitro investigation was to compare the marginal and internal fit of Ni-Cr alloy metal ceramic crown before and after porcelain veneering. Furthermore, this study evaluated whether the influence of the porcelain firing on the precision of fit of dental prostheses. The maxillary right incisor was selected as an abutment for experiments. Ten working models were prepared. Ni-Cr alloy cores appropriate for each abutment were prepared by lost wax technique. The marginal area and four internal areas of the crowns were measured at two stages: before veneering process and after upper porcelain firing. Silicone replica techniques were used. The data were statistically analyzed with the paired t-test (${\alpha}=0.05$). $Mean{\pm}SD$ marginal and internal gap were $67.1{\pm}23.3{\mu}m$ for the nickle chrome alloy core group and $74.4{\pm}21.9{\mu}m$ for the metal ceramic crown group. There were statistically significant differences in all investigated areas (p<0.05). Within the limitations of this study, none of the Ni-Cr alloy metal crown values measured after porcelain firing process exceeded $120{\mu}m$, which is the clinically acceptable threshold.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.123-128
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• 1998

Legume winter cover crop hairy vetch(Vicia villosa Roth, HV) can supply mineral nitrogen for silage corn by HV cover killed. The purphose of this study was to understand changes of soil mineral N, yield and N uptake of silage corn by N level (0, 135kgFN/ha) and cover cmp(no cover crop: NCC, hairy vetch cover crop: HVC) at field of Crop Experiment Station in 1996. HV growth decreased soil mineral N concentration before seeding corn, but killed HV cover increased concentration of soil mineral N at surface soil (0~7.5cm) at six-leaf stage of corn. Total dry matter(DM) and N uptake of corn averaged over N level was more decreased in HVC than in NCC at silk stage, but N uptake of corn after silk was more increased in HVC than in NCC by N mineralized fiom HV killed, especially in OkgFNJha. N fertilization increased total DM and and N uptake of corn averaged over cover crop, especially more increased the DM and N uptake before silk stage. Early application of N fertilizer was recommendable in netillage silage corn using hairy vetch cover crop.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.92-100
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 국내 광대역 위성 액세스 망(BSAN： Broadband Satellite Access Network)에 적용 가능한 보안 기능을 위한 가이드 라인을 살펴보고, RCST(Return Channel Satellite Terminal)와 NCC(Network Control Centre)간에 인증 및 키 관리 기능을 위하여 요구되는 주요 핵심 보안 메커니즘에 대하여 기술한다. 더불어 국내 광대역 위성 액세스 망의 ETSI(European Telecommunications Standards Institute) 표준을 분석한다. 특히 위성 망에서 이용되는 세 가지 키교환 메커니즘 MKE(Main Key Exchange), QKE(Quick Key Exchange), EKE(Explicit Key Exchange)에 대해 분석하였으며, 국내 보안 알고리즘과 키교환을 위한 향상된 보안 알고리즘을 적용한 규격을 제안하였다.

• 전기의세계
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.750-755
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• 1987

필자는 지난 8월30일부터 9월4일까지 폴투갈 리스본(LISBON)에서 개최된 제9회 전력계통기술계산회의(PSCC)에 참석할 기회를 가졌었다. 이번 회의에서는 한전의 이경재 중앙급전지령소장과 김영한 급전운영부장과 함께 "KEPCO's New NCC System for Power System Operation"이라는 논문발표를 통하여 우리나라 전력계통의 소개 및 현재 도입추진중인 새로운 에너지 관리시스템(EMS)에 관한 연구내용을 보고하게 되었는데, 우선 이 PSCC는 우리나라에서 처음으로 참석한 국제협회이기 때문에 이 기회에 PSCC의 성격 및 그 주변에 관한 내용을 소개하면서 앞으로의 보다 활발한 활동을 기원하고자 하는 마음에서 이 참석보고를 기술하였다.보고를 기술하였다.