• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.345-359
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• 2020

Purpose: Financial independence of the museum is an urgent issue in Korea. In this paper, methodology to combine arts and culture facilities with senior society is investigated based on case study of various senior programs in other countries. Methods: In this paper, case study of various senior programs from cultural and arts facilities in other countries are investigated in the aspect of public nature and independent management. Based on the analysis of the case study, optimal methodology is derived. Results: Based on case study of various senior program in other countries, it is clear that art and cultural facilities play important roles in participating elderly people to various social activities through developing programs specialized for elderly people. Conclusion: From analysis of the case study, senior program from arts and culture facilities provides more familiar contents rather than professional contents. Also, they consider more on communication and cooperation with local society to develop the senior program, which fulfill both public nature and financial independence.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.106-112
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• 2008

International conferences to block the spread of Avian bird flu occurred in Beijing, 2006 and others warned of the seriousness of the H5N1 strain. The meetings succeeded in generating billions of dollars from USA, EU and World Bank. Migratory birds seem to play a major role in the spread of the aggressive strain globally from Asia to Europe and Africa. Experiences of tolerance breeding of maize (Zea mays L.) for four decades against 20 biotic stresses suggest that the prime cause of the occurrence of H5N1 strain was due to the human beings' counter-efforts against nature. Excessive use of chemicals (spray and injection) in the commercial poultry farms had created high selection pressure on virus. The new strain had mutated for survival. Attempting to eliminate the virus by chemicals for 100% control is a dangerous way to control biotic stresses. This can create more aggressive strains. A solution would be to build up tolerability of the commercial animals against the virus. Improvement of poultry cage environments and respect for nature must be integrated. Potential foes must be watched.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.68-77
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to analyze the words of the songs in children's games in order to determine the traditional characteristics of their rhythm and subject matter and to investigate age and sex differences in recognition of the songs. 71 play songs were used for content analysis. After this, 840 subjects in 15 grades (preschool, first to 12th grades, and college students) were presented with the songs. Statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA and Scheffe. The songs exhibited traditional rhythms (3.3 or 4.4) and subject matter (nature, everyday life, and family). Some historical events such as the Korean war, and current phenomena such as TV, were also included. Sex but not age differences were found in recognition of the songs.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.36-43
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• 2020

The Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) is a popular method for implementing an intelligent game program. It has several hyper-parameters that require an optimization for showing the best performance. Due to the stochastic nature of the MCTS, the hyper-parameter optimization is difficult to solve. This paper uses the self-playing capability of the MCTS-based game program for optimizing the hyper-parameters. It seeks a winner path over the hyper-parameter space while performing the self-play. The top-q longest winners in the winner path compete for the final winner. The experiment using the 15-15-5 game (Omok in Korean name) showed a promising result.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.467-474
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• 2017

The objective of this study is to analyze teachers' experience in the operation of outdoor play in an early childhood educational institute. For this purpose, the experience obtained in planning/operating the outdoor play in early childhood educational institutes, as well as the difficulties experienced in their operational process, were examined. The data was collected through interviews with eight early childhood teachers. In the results of the study, first, the teachers' perception of outdoor play was analyzed. The teachers considered outdoor play as meaningful in that the children could develop gross/fine-motor skills, have the chance to develop their sociality, relieve their stress, and also commune with nature through outdoor play. Second, regarding the plan/operation of the outdoor play activities, even though they aimed to provide the children with meaningful outdoor play activities through various materials and methods, most of the teachers could not put their original plans into practice, because of the numerous variables in the actual site. The teachers' difficulties included insufficient time, spatial limitations, and insufficient qualifications for play instruction.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.89-106
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• 1998

This essay addresses the role of environmental aesthetics in landscape architecture : how can environmental aesthetics enrich landscape architectural theory and practice\ulcorner It begins by criticizing the predominant notions toward theory : theory as an instrumental design method, theoretical vacuum in modernism of landscape architecture, and the intimate relation of theory and practice in 18th-century England. It suggests that the expulsion of theory in landscape architectural academics and profession is nothing but an inappropriate bias. In the second place, the essay explores a remaining question : why environmental aesthetics is a part of landscape architectural theory\ulcorner I would argue that environmental aesthetics can transcend the man-nature(subject-object) dichotomy, one of heritages of Western modernity project. Here, landscape architecture meets environmental aesthetics, and both can intermediate between theory and practice. For landscape architecture is (and ought to be) a device of embodied communication, creating symbolic settings wherein an interconnection of man and nature can occur. Finally, this essay examines the aesthetics of engagement that Arnold Berleant claimed recently. This theory of aesthetic experience has a possibility of making corrections some improper conventions in landscape architectural creation and appreciation : disinterested contemplation, visual-orientedness, decoration-denteredness, and so forth. I would conclude that environmental aesthetics can be a significant theory which can correct misconceptions in landscape design and appreciation and, further, can lead contemporary practice. As the great mediator between man and nature, between theory and practice, environmental aesthetics has a profound role to play in the realm of landscape architecture, and vice versa.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 2020

It is a trend to pursue the reinforcement of child-centered, play-oriented ecological education programs that support children's development. Most of these nature friendly and eco education is done in the outdoor space. So outdoor activities in child care facilities are essential. The purpose of this study was to analyze the actual condition of the outdoor space for ecological child education in the child care center. Therefore, in order to provide the basic data for the direction of the improvement and to grasp the current situation and problems, the survey and analysis of the external space composition and utilization status in the child care facilities for nature-friendly ecological child care education has been done. As a result, the half of the cases did not reserve even the minimum size of outdoor space and fall short of the standards of outdoor space quality as accessibility, complexity, articulation and nature friendliness for ecological education. Therefore, in order to establish an ecological education environment, it is necessary to build facilities in natural green or suburban areas. In addition, they need to use the natural environment such as parks, open spaces, and forests.

• ALGAE
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.163-175
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• 2008

Phenolic compounds play a major role in the interaction of plants with their environment. They are thought to have been a feature of higher plants since early colonization of the land. Phenolics are crucial for many important aspects of plant life. They can play structural roles in different supporting or protective tissues, for example in cell walls, they can be involved in defence strategies, and signalling properties particularly in the interactions between plants and their environment. In brown algae, phenolic compounds are contained within membrane bound vesicles known as physodes, and their roles in algae are thought to be similar to those of higher plant phenolics. They can be stained using various histochemical stains, however, none of these stains are phenolic specific so care must be taken during interpretation of such results. Many, but not all phenolics are also autofluorescent under UV or violet light. Physodes are involved in cell wall construction, both in primary and secondary walls in brown algae. They bind together with other wall components to make a tough wall. They have also been found to play a role at fertilization, in blocking polyspermy in some species. Sperm are very quickly rendered immobile after phenolic release from newly fertilized zygotes seconds after fertilization. Phenolic compounds are thought to be important herbivore deterrents in some species due to their astringent nature. Phenolic compounds also offer effective UV protection in the early life stages and also the adults of many algal species. In the future, this factor may also make them an important player in the pharmaceutical and skincare industries.

• School Mathematics
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.667-682
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• 2013

Though teachers' lesson plays, this article analysed teachers' knowledge for mathematical teaching about mathematical definitions and their pedagogical difficulties in teaching defining. Although the participant teachers didn't transmit definitions to students and suggested possible definitions of the given geometric figure in their imaginary lessons, they didn't teach defining as deductive organization of properties of the geometric figure. They considered mathematical definition as a mere linguistic convention of a word, so they couldn't appreciate the necessity of deductive organization in teaching definitions, and the arbitrary nature of mathematical definitions. Therefore, for learning to teach definitions differently, it is necessary for teachers to reflect the gap between the everyday and mathematical definitions in teachers'education.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.23-31
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to inquiry implication of physical education based on the Zhaung Zi's philosophy. In order to investigate this purpose, I analyzed the text of Zhaung Zi. The result of the study was as followed. Zhaung-Zi oriented ideal image of human beings who has attained the stage of play(遊). He is an acquaintance (至仁), a man of god(神人), a true man(眞人). The purpose of physical education in Zhuang-Zi is paly(遊) which play well naturally. 'play is the gaming and play in which we can see the true face of the world and ourselves and can become on with the object in the world. Forget-enjoyment(至樂) of victory, records, and results are the purpose of physical education which can be found in Zhuang-Zi. The methods of physical education is the whole mind(專一), xixium(虛心), the feast of mind(心齋), forgetting everything(坐忘) etc. Physical education is to harmonious study with nature not artificially. The relation between teacher(coach) and student(player) is a relationship of mutual respect and consideration. The teacher(player) have to find the potential ability of student and he can help student realize potential ability of them.