• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.61-70
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• 2007

The epidemiological study was performed to survey the prevalence of bacterial disease of cultured olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus from October, 2004 to August, 2006 in Korea. A total of 1,271 of fish samples were collected at random includes fish exhibiting clinical signs of the disease in question. The total 331 samples among 738 cases of infectious diseases were infected with 366 bacteria isolates including Vibrio spp. (42.1%), Streptococcus spp. (16.9%), Edwardsiella tarda (12.3%), Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae (8.2%), Pseudomonas spp. (2.2%) or others (18.3%). Vibrio spp. and P. damselae subsp. damselae were continually isolated through all seasons but Streptococcus spp. and E. tarda were mainly isolated from May to November. The 206 cases were showed mixed infection with other bacteria (3.6%), parasites (31.4%) or virus (41.7%); Vibrio spp. (n=21), Streptococcus spp. (n=13), Trichodina (n=76), Scutica (n=31), VNNV (n=112), VHSV (n=46).

• Journal of Breast Cancer
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.442-446
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• 2018

Purpose: The definition of nodal pathologic complete response (pCR) after a neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) just included the evaluation of axillary lymph node (ALN) without internal mammary lymph node. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of internal mammary-sentinel lymph node biopsy (IM-SLNB) in patients with breast cancer who underwent NAC. Methods: From November 2011 to 2017, 179 patients with primary breast cancer who underwent operation after NAC were included in this study. All patients received radiotracer injection with modified injection technology. IM-SLNB would be performed on patients with internal mammary sentinel lymph node (IMSLN) visualization. Results: Among the 158 patients with cN+ disease, the rate of nodal pCR was 36.1% (57/158). Among the 179 patients, the visualization rate of IMSLN was 31.8% (57/179) and was 12.3% (7/57) and 87.7% (50/57) among those with $cN_0$ and cN+ disease, respectively. Furthermore, the detection rate of IMSLN was 31.3% (56/179). The success rate of IM-SLNB was 98.2% (56/57). The IMSLN metastasis rate was 7.1% (4/56), and all of them were accompanied by ALN metastasis. The number of positive ALNs in patients with IMSLN metastasis was 3, 6, 8, and 9. The pathology nodal stage had been changed from $pN_1/pN_2$ to $pN_{3b}$. The pathology stage had been changed from IIA/IIIA to IIIC. Conclusion: Patients with visualization of IMSLN should perform IM-SLNB after NAC, especially for patients with cN+ disease, in order to complete lymph nodal staging. IM-SLNB could further improve the definition of nodal pCR and guide the internal mammary node irradiation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 1992

Total 20 cases of reoperation for mitral vavular disease, which had been performed during the period from May 1983 till October 1991, were reviewed. This study contained 1 case of previous balloon valvuloplasty and 1 case of death with bleeding from right ventricle during sternal reenrty. The average time intervals between reoperation and previous operation was 19 years in closed mitral commissurotomy[n=4], 7 years and 2 months in mitral valve replacement[n=10], 1 year and 8 months in mitral valvuloplasty[n=4], 3 years and 10 months in open mitral commissurotomy [n=2]. The cause of reoperation in closed mitral commissurotomy was progression of the disease, and residual stenosis with progression was the cause in open mitral commissurotomy cases. Technical failure might be the cause in the cases of valvuloplasty. In prosthetic valve replacement group the causes of reoperation were primary failure. Also two cases of suggested valve thrombosis and one case of failure of tricuspid annuloplasty was noted in prosthetic valve replacement group. The used valves for reoperation were Ionescue-Shiley in 3 cases, Bjork-Shiley in 6 cases, St. Jude Medical in 2 cases and CarboMedics in 8 cases. The mortality rate was 20%[n=4] and the causes of death were low output syndrome in 1 case, multiple organ failure in 2 cases and bleeding in 1 case during sternal reentry. During follow up 1 case of sudden death was observed.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.86 no.1
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• pp.33-46
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• 2023

Background: Umeclidinium/vilanterol (UMEC/VI; ANORO ELLIPTA, GSK) is a commonly used dual bronchodilator. This study evaluated the safety and effectiveness of UMEC/VI in Korean patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) over a 6-year period. Methods: This was an open-label, multicentre, observational, post-marketing surveillance study. A total of 3,375 patients were enrolled consecutively in 52 hospitals, by 53 physicians, between July 2014 and July 2020. Patients who were administered UMEC/VI (fixed-dose 62.5 ㎍/25 ㎍) at least once and were monitored for safety and effectiveness were included in the analysis. Incidence and severity of adverse events (AEs) reported after administrating at least one dose of UMEC/VI were monitored, including unexpected adverse events (UAEs) and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Effectiveness of UMEC/VI after 24 weeks of administration was also assessed using physician's evaluation (effective, ineffective/no change, worsening, indeterminable) and lung function improvement. Results: Of 3,375 patients, 3,086 were included in the safety assessment group (mean age±standard deviation: 69.76±8.80 years; 85.9% male [n=2,652]; 73.1% aged ≥65 years [n=2,255]). The overall incidence of AEs was 28.8% (n=890), of which 2.2% (n=67) were ADRs. Serious AEs and UAEs were reported in 181 (5.9%) and 665 (21.6%) patients, respectively, and two patients (<0.1%) reported unexpected severe ADR. Of the 903/3,086 patients analysed for effectiveness, most (82.8%, n=748) showed overall disease improvement after UMEC/VI treatment. Conclusion: This study confirmed UMEC/VI administered to Korean patients according to the prescribing information was well-tolerated and can be considered an effective option for COPD treatment.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.217-222
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• 2006

$\underline{Purpose}$: This study evaluated the results of definitive radiation therapy and the prognostic factors that affect survival rates for T2N0 glottic cancer patients. $\underline{Materials\;and\;Methods}$: Thirty patients with T2N0 glottic cancer who were treated with definitive radiation therapy at our institution between September 1986 and June 2004 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were pathologically confirmed as having squamous cell carcinoma and were staged as AJCC T2N0. The age of the patients ranged from 39 to 79 (median 62) years and all were male. A total dose of $66{\sim}70\;Gy$ (median 66 Gy) was delivered with a 6-MV linear accelerator in $6.5{\sim}7$ weeks. The median follow-up period was 63 months. $\underline{Results}$: The actuarial disease-free survival rate for the entire group of the patients was 79% at 5 years. The five-year disease-free survival rates for patients without and with subglottic extension were 90% and 56%, respectively (p=0.03). However, anterior commissure involvement, supraglottic extension, and impaired cord mobility were not statistically significant prognostic factors. The five-year disease-free survival rates for patients with and without concurrent chemotherapy were 86% and 69%, respectively (p=0.47). $\underline{Conclusion}$: Subglottic extension can be considered a poor prognostic factor for T2N0 glottic cancer.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.162-166
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• 2003

Purpose : We evaluated the effects of intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) on level of laboratory parameters examined serially according to the existence of coronary artery lesions in children with Kawasaki disease. Methods : Children with Kawasaki disease(n=63), treated with IVIG at a dose of 2.0 g/kg, were classified as a group with coronary artery lesions(CALs+ group, n=9) or a group without coronary artery lesions(CALs- group, n=54). Levels of various laboratory parameters were determined three times during admission; before, 24 hrs after and 7 days after IVIG administration. Results : There were no significant differences in laboratory parameters performing at, before and 7 days after IVIG administration. However WBC and neutrophil counts, and CRP were significantly higher, and the level of albumin was significantly lower at 24 hrs after IVIG administration. Conclusion : Approximately 15% of patients with Kawasaki disease showed CALs in the acute stage. Kawasaki disease patients with CALs were associated with persistent elevated levels of inflammatory parameters including WBC count, neutrophil count and CRP examined 24 hours after IVIG administration.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.61-65
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• 2007

Conventional treatment of Hirschsprung's disease consists of initial colostomy followed by pull-through operation. But, the treatment of Hirschsprung's disease has been changed along with the development of new surgical technique. Since 1995, endo-GIA has been available at our hospital and one stage Duhamel operation has been performed for neonatal Hirschsprung's disease. Between May 1995 and April 2006, 26 neonates have been treated with one stage pull-through operation by one pediatric surgeon at HanYang University Hospital. The sex ratio was 4.2:1 with male predominance. Clinical findings included abdominal distension (96.2 %), vomiting (50.0 %), delayed passage of meconium (46.2 %), constipation (23.1 %), and enterocolitis (15.4 %). Twenty two cases (84.6 %) were short-segment and 4 cases (15.4 %) were long-segment disease, of which 2 cases were total colon aganglionosis. One of the two patients with total colonic aganglionosis had double transition zones - distal ileum and hepatic flexure of the colon. The average age at operation was $14.56{\pm}8.77$ days and the average weight at operation was $3.26{\pm}0.66kg$. Primary Duhamel operations were performed in 25 patients and Soave-Boley operations was performed in one patient. The endo-GIA 35 (Ethicon, USA) was used from 1995 until 1997, and after that endo-GIA 60 (USSC, USA) was used. The average Duhamel operation time was $88.57{\pm}22.80$ minutes. Wound abscess (n = 2) and septum formation (n =1) occurred after Duhamel operation. Bowel function was normalized in 59 % within 3 months and in 95% within 1 year after operation. There was no mortality after one stage pull-through operation in neonate.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.66-71
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• 2013

Purpose: We evaluated the effectiveness and safety of ipsilateral radiotherapy for the patient with well lateralized tonsil cancer: not cross midline and <1 cm of tumor invasion into the soft palate or base of tongue. Materials and Methods: From 2003 to 2011, twenty patients with well lateralized tonsil cancer underwent ipsilateral radiotherapy. Nineteen patients had T1-T2 tumors, and one patient had T3 tumor; twelve patients had N0-N2a disease and eight patients had N2b disease. Primary surgery followed by radiotherapy was performed in fourteen patients: four of these patients received chemotherapy. Four patients underwent induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). The remaining two patients received induction chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy and definitive CCRT, respectively. No patient underwent radiotherapy alone. We analyzed the pattern of failure and complications. Results: The median follow-up time was 64 months (range, 11 to 106 months) for surviving patients. One patient had local failure at tumor bed. There was no regional failure in contralateral neck, even in N2b disease. At five-year, local progression-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, and progression-free survival rates were 95%, 100%, and 95%, respectively. One patient with treatment failure died, and the five-year overall survival rate was 95%. Radiation Therapy Oncology Group grade 2 xerostomia was found in one patient at least 6 months after the completion of radiotherapy. Conclusion: Ipsilateral radiotherapy is a reasonable treatment option for well lateralized tonsil cancer. Low rate of chronic xerostomia can be expected by sparing contralateral major salivary glands.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.177-193
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• 1998

It was the study on moxibustion-theraphy of Febrile-Disease to use clinical basic material date by the classic Literature, As a result The results were summerised as follows: 1. Principle of moxibustion-theraphy on fever of excess type is 'conducting heat with heat, (heat) had heat go out'. 2. Principle of moxibustion-theraphy on fever of defficiency type is 'Yin grows while yang is generating'. 3. The study on moxibustion-theraphy of Febrile - Disease is enable to use general term for manic-depressive psychosis, heat syndrome of febrile disease, heat (syndrome) of zang and fu(five solid organs and six hollow organs), jaundice, diabetes, hectic fever(due to yin-deficiency) etc. of medcine-disease. 4. The study on moxibustion-theraphy of Febrile-Disease is enable to using carbuncle, cellulitis, phlegmon, urticaria, disease due to noxious agents produced by various parasites, bite by dog, bite by snake etc. of surgical-disease. 5. The study on moxibustion-theraphy of Febrile-Disease is enable to using seven orfices of conjunctival congestion, blepharitis etc, of E.E.N.T-disease. 6. The study on moxibustion-theraphy of Febrile-Disease is enable to using epilepsy, infantile convulsion etc. of infantile-disease.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.348-351
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution of gram-negative bacteria isolated from companion animals with sepsis, and to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the isolates. Bacterial pathogens were isolated from specimens of dogs and cats submitted to National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service between 2008 and 2009. A total of 44 gram-negative pathogens were isolated from necropsied organs. The most common isolates were E. coli (n = 33), K. pneumoniae (n = 4) and B. bronchiseptica (n = 4). Most of gram-negative isolates were susceptible to ceftiofur (68.2%), colistin (84.1%), florfenicol (84.1%) and spectinomycin (61.4%). Most of those were resistant to ampicillin (77.3%), erythromycin (86.4%), flumequine (65.9%), lincomycin (97.7%), oxytetracycline (61.4%), penicillin (100%), streptomycin (63.6%), spiramycin (97.7%), sulfamethoxazole (90.9%), tylosin (97.7%) and tiamulin (100%). In conclusion, colistin and florfenicol could be useful against sepsis due to gram-negative bacteria.