• 융합정보논문지
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• 제9권10호
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• pp.234-243
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• 2019

본 연구는 호흡저항이 병행된 전신진동자극 훈련이 뇌졸중환자의 호흡기능 및 균형기능에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 실시하였다. 만성 뇌졸중환자 17명을 호흡저항이 병행된 전신진동자극 훈련을 적용한 실험군(n=8)과 일반 진동운동프로그램을 적용한 대조군(n=9)으로 무작위 배정하였다. 중재는 30분간 1일 1회 주 3회, 4주간 실시하였다. 중재 전후 폐활량과 호흡근력 그리고 동적/정적 균형능력을 측정하여 비교하였다. 실험군에서 정 동적 균형능력, 폐활량과 호흡근력의 전 후 비교 결과 유의한 향상을 보였다(p<.05). 그리고 실험군과 대조군을 비교하였을 때 동적 균형능력, 폐활량과 호흡근력의 결과값에서 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05).실험군의 폐활량과 호흡근력 또한 실험전후 유의한 향상을 보였으며, 대조군에 비해 유의한 변화량의 차이를 나타내었다(p<.05). 본 연구결과를 통하여 호흡저항이 병행된 전신진동자극훈련은 뇌졸중환자의 호흡기능 및 균형능력 향상 프로그램으로 유익할 것으로 사료된다.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2018

본 연구는 체감형 댄스게임이 여성노인의 정적 및 동적 균형에 미치는 영향을 조사하는 데 목적이 있다. 연구 참가자들은 무작위 배정하여 체감형 댄스 게임 실험집단(n=10)과 통제집단(n=10)으로 나눈 후 실험집단은 일주일에 세번, 60분씩 6주간의 기간 동안 참여했고 통제집단은 일상생활 외 운동을 진행하지 않았다. 댄스게임의 균형 능력을 평가하기 위해 버그 균형검사(BBS), 기능적 팔 뻗기 검사(FRT), 일어나 걸어가기 검사(TUG)를 사용하여 평가하였다. 데이터는 통계적 유의성을 결정하기 위해 대응표본 t검정(paired t-test)과 독립표본 t검정을 사용하여 분석했다. 체감형 댄스 게임 그룹의 BBS, FRT, TUG 연구 결과, 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 결론적으로, 체감형 댄스 게임은 여성노인들의 균형 능력 향상에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 여성노인들에게 체감형 댄스게임 "댄스센트럴" 프로그램을 규칙적으로 지속한다면 균형성 향상에 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다. 후속적으로 노인에게 적합한 댄스게임 개발에 대한 연구가 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.667-673
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• 2009

Ninety six intact male sheep (12 months old with mean live weight of about 35 kg) were used to assess the effects of restricted feeding on intake, digestion, nitrogen balance and metabolizable energy (ME). The animals were selected from two known Iranian small and large body size breeds: 48 Sangsari (S) and 48 Afshari (A), and were divided into two equal groups: restricted (R) and a control (C). Each group had 48 sheep (24 each breed). The experiment had a duration of 15 and 75 days adaptation and treatment periods, respectively. The animals were individually placed in metabolism cages and fed a diet based on pelleted concentrate mixture consisting of alfalfa, barley grain, cottonseed meal and barley straw. The animals in group C were fed ad libitum, while animals in group R were fed at maintenance level and maintained a relatively constant live weight. During the experiment, the average daily weight gain (ADG) of S and A animals in R group was 0.34 and -0.25 g/d (0.02 and -0.02 $g/kg^{0.75}/d$), respectively. While that of S and A animals in C group was 174.4 and 194.4 g/d (10.16 and 11.48 $g/kg^{0.75}/d$), respectively. Nitrogen (N) was determined by both measured and regression methods. Animals of R group stayed at about zero N balance (0.01 and -0.00 g $N/kg^{0.75}/d$ for S and A animals, respectively). The N retention of animals of both S and A breeds in C group were similar (0.45 and 0.46 g $N/kg^{0.75}/d$, respectively). Digestible organic matter intake (DOMI) and ME requirement for maintenance (MEm) were measured by both constant weight technique and regression method by regressing N balance on DOMI and ME intake on ADG. The measured DOMI during constant weight was 24.61 and 24.27 g $DOMI/kg^{0.75}/d$ and the calculated DOMI from regression equation was 24.24 and 24.22 g $DOMI/kg^{0.75}/d$, for S and A animals, respectively. The measured MEm was 402 and 401 kJ $ME/kg^{0.75}/d$ and the calculated MEm from regression analysis was 398 and 400 kJ $ME/kg^{0.75}/d$ for S and A breeds, respectively. There were no significant differences between both measured and regression techniques. There was no significant difference between S and A breeds for DOMI, N retention, MEm, digestibility and metabolizability values. Digestibility values for OM, GE and CP and metabolizability were significantly (p<0.05) higher in restricted feeding sheep compared with that of sheep fed ad libitum.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2016

Background: Patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) functionally adapt to decreased postural control due to impaired processing of sensory information. Standing postural control has been the focus of recent research in CLBP. Change in postural control may be a risk factor for CLBP, although available studies are not conclusive. Objects: This study aimed to identify the role of partial weight supported treadmill training (PWSTT) in improving balance, dysfunction, and pain in patients with chronic low back pain. Methods: The study included 22 patients with CLBP. Patients in the control group ($n_1=8$) performed three 20 min stabilization exercise sessions per week, for 4 weeks. Patients in the full weight treadmill training group ($n_2=7$) performed treadmill training for 30 min after stabilization exercise. Patients in the PWSTT group ($n_3=7$) performed PWSTT with 20% of their body weight unloaded after stabilization exercises. By using the Biodex balance system, the dynamic balance abilities of the patients in the three groups were assessed in the quiet standing position under combined conditions of visual feedback (eyes open and closed) and platform stability (level 8). The Korean version of the Oswestry Disability Index and visual analogue scale score were used as the main measure. Results: The results of this study showed that dysfunction and pain were significantly improved in all groups. Although dynamic postural stability with eyes closed was significantly improved only in the PWSTT group (p<.05), no significant difference was found in the other groups. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that PWSTT improved balance, dysfunction and pain in the patients with CLBP. Thus, this intervention is necessary for patients with CLBP with decreased postural control.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of lumbar stabilization training and additional thoracic mobilization on pain, proprioception and static balance in patients with chronic low back pain. The subjects of this study were 48 chronic low back pain patients who were randomly allocated to an experimental group 1 ($n_1=16$, lumbar stabilization and thoracic mobilization, thoracic hypomobility), experimental group 2 ($n_2=16$, lumbar stabilization and thoracic mobilization, thoracic normal mobility), and a control group ($n_3=16$, lumbar stabilization, thoracic hypomobility) after a thoracic mobility test. Both experimental groups underwent lumbar stabilization training and additional thoracic mobilization. The control group underwent only lumbar stabilization training. The intervention was performed 3 times per week, 30 minutes each time, for a total of 6 weeks. Thoraco-lumbar joint reposition error was measured using an electrogoniometer and static balance ability was measured using the Tetrax posture analysis system. Subjects' pain level was measured using a 100 mm visual analogue scale. Statistical analyses were performed using a one-way analysis of variance and a paired t-test. Post-hoc testing was carried out with a Bonferroni test. The pain level was significantly lower in both experimental groups compared to the control group. Both experimental groups showed significant reductions in joint reposition error angle (flexion, extension, and side bending) compared to the control group. The static balance level was significantly lower in both experimental groups than in the control group. In summary, lumbar stabilization exercises and additional thoracic mobilization significantly improved the pain level, proprioception, and static balance in patients with chronic low back pain.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to analyze the 12-week horse riding exercise effect on the locomotion of a body and bilateral balance and flexion/extension of trunk during the sit-to-stand(STS) in elementary and middle school students. One-hundred eleven participants were divided into three groups. Each group was subject to a different horse riding exercise: control group(n = 36), 1 time/week group(n=37), and 3 times/week group(n=38). Two-way repeated ANOVA was used to compare weight transfer time(WTT), trunk flexion velocity(TFV), trunk extension velocity(TEV), mean rising index(MRI), mean weight asymmetry( MWA) among the groups, and STS changes in before and after 12 weeks. There was a group interaction in WTT, TFV, TEV, MRI, and MWA with different responses to horse riding exercise participation. There was a significant increase in 1 time/week group and 3 times/week group of WTT, TFV, TEV, and MRI. Additionally, MWA(an index of a capacity for bilateral balance) in lower extremity was decreased in 3 times/week group. It seems that horse riding exercise positively affected musculoskeletal function of the trunk and lower extremity by accelerating locomotion and bilateral balance.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2019

Objective: Degenerative knee arthritis is the most common disease that occurs in older people. Constriction-induced movement therapy (CIMT) has been reported to be as an effective treatment for the impairments, such as asymmetric weight-bearing and reduced balance that occurs after receiving a total knee replacement (TKR). Game-based rehabilitation training for persons with TKR is interesting and provides a variety of feedback. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: Thirty-six subjects with TKR were randomly assigned to either the CIMT game training (n=12), general game training (n=12), or the control (n=12) group. Each group underwent twelve sessions (30 min/d, 3 d/wk for 4 weeks). In the CIMT game training group, the application of CIMT adjusted the weight of the pressure delivered from the two boards used in Wii games. In the general game training group, the game was played without adjusting the weight of pressure. The game training used the Wii Fit's Ski Slalom application. Subjects were assessed with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and the Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale. Results: All three groups showed significant improvements in pain, stiffness and physical function, total WOMAC scores, and ABC scores after the intervention (p<0.05). Significant differences were observed in physical function, total WOMAC scores, and ABC scores of the CIMT game training group compared with the other groups (p<0.05). Conclusions: The CIMT game training and general game training exhibited improvements on stiffness, but the CIMT game training exhibited a larger effect on lower extremity function and balance confidence levels.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sit-to-stand training with various foot positions combined with visual feedback on muscle onset time and balance in stroke patients. Methods: Thirty stroke patients were randomly assigned into three standing groups: one with a symmetrical foot position (SSF; n = 10), one with an asymmetrical foot position with the affected foot at the rear (SAF; n = 10), and one with visual feedback and an asymmetrical foot position (SVAF; n = 10). Sit-to-stand training with different foot positions was performed for 30 minutes a day, 5 times a week, for a total of 4 weeks. The effects on muscle onset time and balance were assessed. Results: In a comparison of the onset time of muscle contraction, the onset time of the affected side tibialis anterior and less-affected side gastrocnemius muscle and tibialis anterior was significantly shortened in the SAVF group. And onset time of the less-affected side tibialis anterior was shortened in the SAF group. There was a significant difference in the result of functional reach testing in the SVAF group. Conclusion: VRG was effective in improving muscle activity and balance in elderly women aged 65 and older. In this study, sit-to-stand training with visual feedback and asymmetrical foot position showed significant functional improvement.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.314-319
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• 2021

선박이나 항공기에서 무게균형을 유지하면서 다양한 제한조건을 만족하는 문제들이 연구되었다. 또한, 부하의 모양과 무게가 동일한 조건과 m×n(m, n은 모두 홀수) 메시 구조에서 수학적 방법으로 문제를 해결하는 연구도 진행되었다. 문제는 기존의 수학적 무게균형 방식이 원형구조물에 부적합하다는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 N개의 등각다각형의 꼭짓점에 물체를 적재하는 원형 공간에서 부하 적재 문제를 연구하였다. N개의 등각다각형이 모두 짝수개의 각을 가진다고 가정할 때 부하의 수에 관계없이 항상 무게균형을 유지하는 적재 방식을 찾을 수 있음을 증명하였다. 드론 적재함의 구조 및 적재 방식을 제공하여 우리의 방식이 적절함을 보였다.

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2020

[Purpose] This study was performed to investigate the acid-base and ion balance at rest and after exercise in healthy males under normoxia, moderate hypoxia, and severe hypoxia. [Methods] Ten healthy Korean males completed three different trials on different days, comprising exercise under normoxia (F_iO₂ = 20.9%, N trial), moderate hypoxia (F_iO₂ = 16.5%, MH trial), and severe hypoxia (F_iO₂ = 12.8%, SH trial). They undertook endurance exercise for 30 min on a cycle ergometer at the same relative exercise intensity equivalent to 80% maximal heart rate under all conditions. Capillary blood samples were obtained to determine acid-base and ion balance at rest and after exercise. [Results] Exercise-induced blood lactate elevations were significantly increased as hypoxic conditions became more severe; SH > MH > N trials (P = 0.003). After exercise, blood glucose levels were significantly higher in the SH trial than in the N and MH trials (P = 0.001). Capillary oxygen saturation (S_CO₂) levels were significantly lowered as hypoxic conditions became more severe; SH > MH > N trials (P < 0.001). The pH levels were significantly lower in the MH trial than that in the N trial (P = 0.010). Moreover, H_CO_3^- levels were significantly lower in the SH trial than in the N trial, with significant interaction (P = 0.003). There were no significant differences in blood Na⁺, K⁺, and Ca²⁺ levels between the trials. [Conclusion] MH and SH trials induced greater differences in glucose, lactate, S_CO₂, pH, and HCO_3^- levels in capillary blood compared to the N trial. Additionally, lactate, S_CO₂, and HCO_3^- levels showed greater changes in the SH trial than in the MH trial. However, there were no significant differences in Na⁺, K⁺, and Ca²⁺ levels in MH and SH trials compared to the N trial.