• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.11-29
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• 2021

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of virtual reality on gait, balance, and upper extremity functions compared to other independent variables or no variables. Additionally, the possibility of virtual reality for stroke patients was discussed. Design: Meta-analysis. Methods: The search for this study was a search term that combined stroke, virtual reality, and training, and the electronic search was conducted through EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library. As a result of the search, 21 studies satisfying the selection criteria of the target study were confirmed as the final analysis target. This study consisted of 21 randomized experimental studies and 21 randomized controlled trials, and the total number of participants was 642. [Experimental group (n=314), control group (n=328); total 642]. As a result of the study, upper extremity function was assessed using a box and block test, a modified Ashworth scale, and a scale including range of motion. The balance was evaluated by the berg balance scale. Gait was a Timed Up and Go test (TUG), stride length, and gait function. Scales including a walking rate scale were evaluated. The effect size for the intervention of the analytical study was meta-analyzed with the RevMan 5.3.3 program of the Cochrane library. Results: The results of the study showed that the function of walking was statistically significant. Balance showed statistically significant results. The upper extremity function showed no statistically significant results. Conclusion: Through this rehabilitation treatment by applying virtual reality environment to the rehabilitation of stroke patients in the future can be proposed as an effective intervention method for the balance and gait function of stroke patients.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.417-430
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of weight-bearing training with an elastic band during functional electrical stimulation (FES) on walking and balance functions in stroke patients. Methods: Twenty patients with chronic stroke were divided into an experimental group assigned to weight-bearing training with an elastic band during functional electrical stimulation (FES; n=10) and a control group assigned to weight-bearing training alone during FES (n=10). The patients in both groups attended physical therapy sessions five times a week for four consecutive weeks. The experimental group underwent weight-bearing training with an elastic band during FES five times a week for four weeks. The control group underwent weight-bearing training during FES. Balance parameters were measured before and after the intervention using the Balancia program. Moreover, all patients were evaluated using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the Time Up and Go Test (TUGT), and the Wisconsin Gait Scale (WGS) before and after each intervention. Results: The results showed that weight-bearing training with elastic bands during FES and weight-bearing training during FES had a significant effect on the affected side's weight-bearing ratio, BBS, TUGT, and WGS in both groups (p <0.05). Additionally, the results showed that the changes observed in the two groups indicate significant differences in path length, average speed, BBS score, TUGT time, and WGS score between the groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In patients with stroke, weight-bearing training with an elastic band during FES affected on walking and balance. Therefore, it is an optional intervention for the balance and walking ability of stroke patients.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2022

Background: This study examined the effects of adding fibular repositioning taping (FRT) to ankle mobilization with movement taping (AMT) on the ankle range of motion (ROM), balance, and gait performance in patients with chronic stroke with limited ankle dorsiflexion. Methods: The participants were randomized into the control (n=15) and AMT+FRT groups (n=15). The control groups applied only non-elastic taping on the affected ankle, and the AMT+FRT groups also applied non-elastic taping to the inferior tibiofibular joint. Both groups performed treadmill walking for 10 minutes. The ankle dorsiflexion passive ROM, balance, gait velocity, and cadence were measured before and after the intervention. Results: Both groups showed a significant difference after the intervention in the dorsiflexion ROM (p<.01), balance (p<.01), and gait performance (p<.01). On the other hand, no significant difference was observed between the two groups (p>.05). Conclusion: AMT improved ankle dorsiflexion passive ROM, balance, gait velocity, and cadence in patients with chronic stroke, but there was no difference between the two groups. Therefore, the addition of FRT to AMT does not influence the ankle dorsiflexion ROM, balance, and gait performance in patients with chronic stroke.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

Background: This study investigated the effects of Kinesio taping application on lower back pressure pain and balance ability among university students with chronic lower back pain. Methods: A total of thirty university students between 20 to 30 years of age with chronic lower back pain were divided randomly into two groups, the control and the experimental group. In the control group (n=15), placebo taping was applied to the lumbar region. In the experimental group (n=15), Kinesio taping was applied to the erector spine muscles of the lower back. The groups were assessed for lower back pressure pain and balance ability, before and after the taping application. Pain was measured by the pain pressure threshold (PPT), and balance was measured using the good balance system (GBS). Results: There were significant improvements in both the PPT and GBS of the Kinesio taping group compared to pre-treatment values (p<.05), while the placebo taping group showed no significant change (p>.05). In addition, the Kinesio taping group had a statistically significant difference in PPT and GBS compared to the placebo taping group (p<.05). Conclusion: The Kinesio taping application is more effective than the placebo taping application in the improvement of lower back pressure pain and balance ability among university students with chronic lower back pain.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.159-169
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• 2023

Purpose: The study examined the effect of dynamic taping and Kinesio Taping intervention on round shoulder posture, pectoralis minor length, craniovertebral angle, and balance in 20s adults with rounded shoulder posture. Methods: A total of 20s Adults with rounded shoulder posture were recruited and randomized to Group I (n = 15) and Group II (n = 15). Group I performed dynamic taping. Group II performed Kinesio Taping. Round shoulder posture and pectoralis minor length were measured using a tape measure. The craniovertebral angle was measured using a goniometer. Balance was measured using Biorescue. Results: As a result of comparison within groups, groups I and II showed a significant difference for round shoulder posture, pectoralis minor length, craniovertebral angle, and balance after the experiment (p < 0.05). In a comparison between the two groups, the experimental group showed a more significant difference in round shoulder posture, pectoralis minor length, craniovertebral angle, and balance than the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that dynamic taping intervention was effective in round shoulder posture, pectoralis minor length, craniovertebral angle, and balance in 20s adults with rounded shoulder posture.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2022

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect of maitland mobilization and mobilization with movement (MWM) applied to the ankle joint on ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM), static and dynamic balance, plantar pressure, and gait ability. Methods: A total of 24 individuals were assigned to either the maitland mobilization group (n=12) or the MWM group (n=12). Dorsiflexion ROM, static and dynamic balance, plantar pressure, 10-meter walk test were measured before and 4 weeks after the intervention. Results: Both groups showed a significant difference in the evaluation after 4 weeks as the dorsiflexion ROM of the ankle increased (p<.05), and the sway length and sway area indicating static balance decreased (p<.05). Furthermore, the movement area showing dynamic balance showed a significant increase (p<.05), the plantar pressure difference between both feet significantly decreased (p<.05). In the 10-meter walk test, there was a significant difference as the time decreased (p<.05). However, no significant difference between the two groups was observed (p>.05). Conclusion: According to the results of this study where, maitland mobilization and MWM were applied to the ankle joint of hemiplegic patients for 4 weeks, we found no difference between the two groups. However, each technique was found to be effective for dorsiflexion ROM, static and dynamic balance, plantar pressure, and gait.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.167-176
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• 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of anon-contact complex exercise program on muscle strength, fall efficacy, quality of life, and balance ability in older over 65 years of age. Design: A randomized controlled trial Methods: A total of 37 people in older over 65 years of age participated in the study. Random program was conducted and assigned to the experimental group (n=19) and the control group (n=18). Both groups performed the older people welfare center program. In addition, in the experimental group, a non-contact complex exercise program for muscle and balance exercise was performed. All interventions were performed 2 times a week, for a total of 6 weeks. chair stand test (CST), fall efficacy scale (FES), Euro quality of life 5 dimension (EQ-5D), Berg balance scale (BBS), timed up and go test (TUG), Fullerton advanced balance scale (FAB) were measured before and after the intervention to compare their effectiveness. Results: Both groups showed significant differences in CST, FES, EQ-5D, BBS, and TUG before and after intervention (p<0.05). FAB showed significant differences before and after intervention in all items except for FAB 8 and 9 items in the experimental group. In addition, the experimental group showed significant differences in CST, FES, BBS, TUG, FAB (except 1, 7, 8, 9) compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: The non-contact complex exercise program is an effective intervention method that has clinical significance in improving muscle strength, fall efficacy and static and dynamic balance abilities for the older over 65 years of age.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.59-71
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• 2023

Background: This study was to investigate the effects of coordinative locomotor training(CLT) using elastic bands on pain, dynamic balance, muscle strength, and muscle activity of female college students with patellofemoral pain syndrome(PFPS). Design: Randomized Controlled Trial Methods: Twenty-six female college students with PFPS were assigned randomly to an experimental(n=13) or control(n=13) group. The experimental group performed CLT using an elastic band. The control group performed squat exercises to strengthen muscle strength. The 30-minute inter- vention was applied a total of twelve times, three times a week for four weeks. All subjects measured the pain, the muscle strength, the dynamic balance, and the muscle activity(VL/VM ratio) before and after intervention. A paired t-test was used for the determination of differences before and after treatment, and an independent t-test was used for the determination of differences between treatment groups. Results: As a result of comparison within groups, the experimental group showed significant differences in pain, muscle strength, dynamic balance, and VL/VM ratio after the experiment(p<0.05), and the control group showed significant differences in pain, muscle strength, and dynamic balance after the experiment(p<0.05). In comparison between the two groups, the experimental group showed more significant differences in pain, dynamic balance, and VL/VM ratio than the control group(p<0.05), and the control group showed more significant differences in muscle strength than the experimental group(p<0.05). Conclusion: Based on these results, CLT using elastic bands effectively improved the pain, muscle strength, dynamic balance, and VL/VM ratio of female college students with PFPS.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2024

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of side walking training combined with squats on the balance and gait ability of stroke patients. The purpose of this study was to provide fundamental data regarding the use of side walking training combined with squats among stroke patients. Methods: Thirty patients with stroke were randomly divided into an experimental group (n=15) that underwent side walking training combined with squats and a control group (n=15) that performed general rehabilitation exercises. Both groups performed their respective exercises for 30 minutes, five times a week for six weeks. Balance was assessed using the functional reach test and timed up and go test, while gait ability was evaluated using the 10-meter walk test. A paired t-test was performed to compare within-group changes before and after the intervention. Differences between the experimental and control groups were analyzed using an independent t-test. For all tests, the level of statistical significance was set at α=0.05. Results: After the exercise, significant within-group improvements in balance and gait ability were observed in both the experimental and control groups (p<0.05). There was also a significant between-group difference in balance and gait ability following the intervention (p<0.05). Conclusion: While general rehabilitation is commonly employed in treating stroke patients and is relatively effective, the application of side walking training combined with squats may offer additional benefits in terms of improving balance and gait ability in these patients.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.3074-3084
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• 2012

The purpose of this study lies in examining how sling lumbar stabilization exercise affects static standing balance of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients. The subjects were forty patients who were diagnosed with idiopathic scoliosis. They were randomly assigned either to a experimental group (n=20) that received sling lmubar stabilization exercise program or to a control group (n=20) that received only education. Data were obtained for each patient from total sway path and sway velocity in standing on both feet with eyes closed and standing on both feet with eyes open were measured, using balance performance monitor. All variables were measured at pre- and post-exercise. There were significantly differences between the both groups for all variables at post-exercise (p<.05). The experimental group showed a significantly decreases in all variables at pre- and post-exercise (p<.05). But the control group showed a no significantly differences. These results revealed that sling lumbar stabilization exercise improved static standing balance, by reducing COP(center of pressure) sway path and sway velocity of idiopathic scoliosis patients, and it is expected that sling lumbar stabilization exercise will be used as balance enhancement exercise intervention for the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients.