• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.575-586
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• 2006

This study was performed to compare nutrient intakes, diet quality and serum indices (TG, Total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, RBC, Hb, Hct, Serum iron, ferritin, MCV) of obese and normal weight children. The subjects were 149 children living in the Seoul and Gyeonggi areas. Each subject was assigned to one of such as normal weight group ($15th{\le}BMI$ percentile < 85th, n = 82) or obese children ($85th{\le}BMI$ percentile, n = 67) according to their percentile of BMI by The Korean Pediatric Society. Data on dietary intakes, body composition and serum indices were obtained. Differences of all the above variables were assessed. Energy, carbohydrate, fat, cholesterol, total fatty acid, SFA, MUFA, PUFA, phosphate, potassium, zinc, vitamin $B_1$ and vitamin $B_6$ intakes of girls in the obese group were higher than those of the normal weight group (p<0.05). The intake of fiber was as insufficient as below 50% of KDRIs in both groups. Nutrient adequacy ratio of calcium, iron, phosphate, zinc and folate in obese boys were lower than those of normal weight boys (p<0.05). Energy intakes of grain and milk and dairy food in the obese girl group ($905.9{\pm}344.5kcal,\;210.9{\pm}166.4kcal$) were higher than those of normal weight girls ($671.2{\pm}360.7kcal,\;184.0{\pm}103.5kcal$) (p<0.05). HDL-cholesterol level of obese boys ($52.7{\pm}6.3mg/dL$) was significantly lower than that of normal weight boys ($65.3{\pm}15.6mg/dL$). Serum iron level of obese boys and girls (boys: $79.4{\pm}32.6mg/dL$, girls: $98.3{\pm}16.2mg/dL$) was significantly lower than those of normal weight children (boys: $104.8{\pm}38.6mg/dL$, girls: $106.7{\pm}28.9mg/dL$) (p<0.05). These results suggest that there should be sensible food selection and more intakes of fruit and vegetable are needed to improve the nutritional status in obese children.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2017

본 연구는 6주령 브로일러(Arbor Acre)와 함께 70, 95주령 산란 성계(Hy-line)의 가슴육과 다리육을 이용해 주령에 따른 산란 성계육의 육질특성 및 가공적성을 브로일러와 비교 평가하여 원료육으로서의 가치를 구명하고자 실시하였다. 브로일러는 생육과 유화물에서 우수한 보수력 및 유화안정성을 보였으며, 관능평가에 있어서 높은 점수를 받았다. 성계육 내에서 연령이 증가할수록 조직감이 질긴 특성을 보였으나, PUFA/SFA 및 n-6/n-3 지방산 조성이 유사하고, 가열육에 대한 관능검사 결과, 연령에 따른 차이를 나타내지 않았으며, 생육과 유화물에서의 가열감량과 수분손실이 유사하여 가공육의 원료로서 95주령 성계육이 70주령의 성계육과 동등한 수준의 이용성을 지닌 것으로 판단할 수 있었다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.559-567
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• 2021

태종대 구역별 바람맥이, 굴통머리, 참물개, 조홍택, 고래등 구역에서 채취한 자연산 돌미역의 총 플라보노이드 함량을 비교한 결과 굴통머리 구역에서 채취한 돌미역의A+M 및 MeOH 추출물들의 총 플라보노이드 함량이 각각 1.44±0.04 mg/g 및 0.66±0.13 mg/g으로 5종 돌미역들 중 총 플라보노이드 함량이 가장 높았다. 지방산 조성분석 결과 굴통머리 돌미역은 30.1%의 n-6 지방산 및 10.0%의 총 n-3 지방산을 함유하였고 5종 돌미역 중 가장 높은 다가불포화지방산(polyunsaturated fatty acids, PUFA)을 함유하였다. 5종 돌미역 추출물들의 DPPH 및 ABTS 라디칼 소거능을 비교했을 때 모든 돌미역 A+M 추출물에 의한 소거활성이 MeOH 추출물보다 높았고 그 중 굴통머리A+M 추출물에 의한 소거능 활성이 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 5종 돌미역A+M 및 MeOH 추출물을 0.05 및 0.025 mg/ml의 농도로 인체 섬유육종세포(HT-1080)에 처리하여 세포 내 활성산소종을 측정한 결과 모든 추출물들은 측정시간 120분이 지남에 따라 높은 세포 내 활성산소종 생성 억제효과를 나타내었다. 바람맥이 및 굴통머리 구역에서 채취한 돌미역A+M 추출물에 의한 활성산소종 생성 억제효과가 높았다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과로부터 굴통머리 구역의 돌미역이 높은 함량의 플라보노이드 및 페놀 함량을 나타내었고 이러한 높은 함량은 세포내 활성산소종 생성 억제효과 및 DPPH 소거능과 상관성이 있다고 여겨지며 또한 굴통머리 구역 돌미역은 높은 함량의 EPA와 DHA를 함유하고 있어 향후 해조류유래 n-3 지방산 활용 기능성 식품 혹은 지역 대표 수산식품으로 개발 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.897-907
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the pattern of individual fatty acid intake and to compare total serum lipid levels and total serum fatty acid composition of elementary school children in Seoul by fish and meat intakes. The subjects were divided into High-Fish / Low-Meat(HFLM, n=49) and Low-Fish/High-Meat(LFHM, n=47) group. The total energy from fat of HFLM and LFHM group was 22.0 and 30.0% respectively. The average intake of cholesterol was 237-287mg in HFLM group and 358-387mg in LFHM group. The average P/M/S ratio for all subjects was 1.1-1.4/1.1 - 1.2/1.0, which was very similar to desired ratio. The $\omega$6/$\omega$3 ratio of dietary fatty acids of HFLM and LFHM group were 8.0-10.9 and 18.9-29.3 respectively, which in case of LFHM group, was fat beyond the suggested range, 4/1 - 10.1. Serum lipid levels of all subjects fell within the normal range and there was no significant difference in serum lipid levels between HFLM and LFHM groups, except for HDL-cholesterol in upper grades(4th-6th grades). In lower grades(1st-3rd grades), serum PUFA composition of HFLM (40.8%) group was significantly higher than that of LFHM (38.3%) group (p<0.05) and SFA composition of HFLM(33.8%) was significantly lower than that of LFHM group, (p<0.001) between them. The $\omega$6/$\omega$3 ratio of serum fatty acid tended to be higher in LFHM than in HFLM group but there was no significant difference between two groups. This study suggests that the dietary fat pattern of growing children could affect the change in total serum fatty acid composition though it did not influence serum lipid levels significantly. Energy and EPA intakes were negatively correlated with HDL-cholesterol levels(p<0.05). Serum fatty acid compositions were more closely correlated with serum triglyceride(TG) levels than serum cholesterol levels. Especially, total SFA (p<0.001) and individual SFA, such as C14:0(p<0.001) and C16:0(p<0.001)compositions were positively correlated with serum TG levels, but stearic acid(p<0.01) was negatively correlated with it.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.285-291
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• 1998

This study was designed to examine the effects of polyundaturated fatty acid(PUFA) from different sourecs on hepatic lipogenic enzyme and peroxisomal ${\beta}$-oxidation in murine hepatocarcinogenesis initiated by diethylnitrodamine (DEN). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed one of three diets containing 10%(w/w)fat; fish oil-corn oil blended(FO), corn oil-beef tallow-fish oil blended(CF), or corn oil-beef tallow-perilla oil blended (CP), from the gestation period. At 10 weeks, animals were received a single inraperitoneal injection of DEN (200mg/kg body weight), were subjected to two-thirds partial hepatectomy 3 weeks later and were sacrificed 8 weeks after DEN initiation. The areas of placental glutathione S-transferase (GST-P) positive foci were significantly smaller in rats fed fish oil containing diets (FO and CF) than those fed CP diet. Fish oil feeding significantly decreased th activities of lipogenic enzyme. Rats fed fish oil containing diets (FO, CF) exhibited the lower fatty acid synthase (FAS) activity than those fed CP diet and FAS activity was positively correlated with areas of GSP-P positivie foci. Glucose-6-phophate dehydrogenase activity was the lowest and peroxisomal ${\beta}$-oxidation was stimulated in rats fed FO diet compared to other groups. It was also found that serum cholesterol was decreased in FO group. Therefore, the preventive effect against hepatocarcinogenesis and hypolipidemic effect of fish oil can be explained partly by suppression of the hepatic lipogenesis and by increase of peroxisomal ${\beta}$-oxidation.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.171-180
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• 2016

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent liver diseases associated with an altered lifestyle, besides genetic factors. The control and management of NAFLD mostly depend on lifestyle modifications, due to the lack of a specific therapeutic approach. In this context, we assessed the effect of carrot juice on the development of high fructose-induced hepatic steatosis. For this purpose, male weanling Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups, fed either a control (Con) or high fructose (HFr) diet of AIN93G composition, with or without carrot juice (CJ) for 8 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, plasma biochemical markers, such as triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase, and ${\beta}$-hydroxy butyrate levels were comparable among the 4 groups. Although, the liver injury marker, aspartate aminotransferase, levels in plasma showed a reduction, hepatic triglycerides levels were not significantly reduced by carrot juice ingestion in the HFr diet-fed rats (HFr-CJ). On the other hand, the key triglyceride synthesis pathway enzyme, hepatic stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), expression at mRNA level was augmented by carrot juice ingestion, while their protein levels showed a significant reduction, which corroborated with decreased monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), particularly palmitoleic (C16:1) and oleic (C18:1) acids. Notably, it also improved the long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; C22:6) content of the liver in HFr-CJ. In conclusion, carrot juice ingestion decreased the SCD1-mediated production of MUFA and improved DHA levels in liver, under high fructose diet-fed conditions. However, these changes did not significantly lower the hepatic triglyceride levels.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.633-639
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• 2013

This study was performed to investigate the physicochemical properties of striploin (m. longissimus dorsi), chuck tender (m. supraspinatus) and eye of round (m. semitendinosus) of Holstein steer beef produced from different fattening groups (18, 21, 24 mon-old). The intramuscular fat contents were significantly higher in striploin (9.14%) and eye of round (4.31%) from 24 mon-old groups when compared to the same cuts (6.53% and 2.63%) from 18 mon-old groups, respectively. Three muscles from 18 mon-old group had significantly higher moisture contents (%) than those from the other groups (p<0.05). The protein contents were significantly higher in chuck tender (19.39%) and eye of round (21.09%) from 24 mon-old group than 18- and 21 mon-old groups (p<0.05). There were not significantly different in collagen contents among three fattening groups. In meat color, striploin, chuck tender and eye of round from 21 mon-old group had significantly higher CIE $L^*$ (41.77), $a^*$ (20.98) and $b^*$ (10.87) values than those from the other groups (p<0.05). Warner-Bratzler shear force values (WBS) for three muscles were significantly lower in 24 mon-old group than the other groups (p<0.05). The oleic acids (C18:1n9) contents of three muscles from 24 mon-old group were highest (p<0.05) among three groups. Total contents of MUFA were significantly higher and total contents of PUFA including arachidonic acids (C20:4n6) were significantly lower in chuck tender and eye of round muscles from 24 mon-old group (p<0.05).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.711-720
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• 2019

Objective: This study was conducted to assess the effect of potassium humate and enzymes (Xylanase+Amylase+Protease) inclusion in diets on carcass characteristics, meat quality and fatty acid profiles of broilers fed canola-based diets. Methods: Two hundred and twenty broilers randomly allotted to 5 dietary treatments: the control (commercial broiler diet); CM (17.5% canola meal inclusion); CMEnz (17.5% CM inclusion+0.3 g/kg Axtra XAP); CMPh (17.5% CM inclusion+1.5% Potassium Humate, PH); and CMEnzPh (17.5% CM inclusion+1.5% PH+0.3 g/kg Axtra XAP) were slaughtered at day 42 for assessment of carcass and meat quality parameters. Results: Diet had no effect on carcass traits apart from breast muscle weight and breast muscle index. The highest breast muscle weight was observed in broilers fed CMEnz ($487.6{\pm}17.5g$) followed by those fed the control diet ($474.37{\pm}17.5g$). Diet also had no significant dietary effect on pH, temperature, drip loss and shear force values of the breast muscle. However, diet significantly affected meat colour and water-holding capacity. Broilers in the control and CMPh groups ($52.94{\pm}0.67$ and $52.91{\pm}0.67$) had the highest (p<0.05) values for lightness ($L^*$), whilst those fed CMEnzPh had the lowest value ($47.94{\pm}0.67$). In contrast, CM group had the lowest (p<0.05) value for redness ($a^*$) with CMEnzPh group having the highest values. The proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), n-6 and n-3 fatty acids and the PUFA/saturated fatty acid ratio were increased in CM-based diets containing enzymes and humic acid. Conclusion: It can, therefore, be concluded that CM can be included in broiler diets in the presence of enzymes and humic acid with positive effects on meat quality and important fatty acids that are beneficial to the health of consumers.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.533-540
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 자연산 말전복과 양식산 참전복의 일반성분을 비롯한 지방산, 아미노산 및 핵산관련물질을 비교 분석하여 전복에 대한 기초자료로 활용하고자 하였다. 자연산 말전복과 양식산 참전복을 육과 내장으로 분리하여 실험한 결과, 육의 경우 자연산 말전복이 양식산 참전복에 비해 수분함량이 높게 나타났으며, 내장도 동일한 결과를 나타냈다. 조단백질 함량은 자연산 말전복에 비해 양식산 참전복에서 더 높게 나타났고, 조지질 함량은 자연산말전복과 양식산 참전복에 공통적으로 육보다는 내장에 더 많이 함유되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 자연산 말전복의 내장에 조지질 함량이 $2.02{\pm}0.15%$로 가장 높은 값을 나타내었다. 자연산 말전복 및 양식산 참전복의 육과 내장의 포화지방산(SFA)으로는 palmitic acid (16:0), 단일불포화지방산(MUFA) 으로는 oleic acid (18:1n-9), 다가불포화지방산(PUFA)으로는 eicosatrienoic acid (20:3n-3, ETA), eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3, EPA) 및 docosahexaenoic acid(22:6n-3, DHA)가 많이 함유되어 있었다. 대표적인 오메가-3 지방산인 EPA와 DHA의 함량은 자연산 말전복의 육에 양식산 참전복의 육보다 더 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 자연산 말전복과 양식산 참전복에서 총 17개의 구성아미노산이 분석되었고, 주요 구성아미노산으로 aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine 및 arginine 등이 확인되었고, cystine, methionine, histidine 등의 함량은 낮았다. 또한, 자연산 말전복과 양식산 참전복의 주요 유리아미노산은 taurine, alanine, arginine, glycine 등으로 확인되었으며, 자연산 말전복의 육과 내장에 더 많은 taurine이 함유되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 자연산 밀전복과 양식산 참전복의 핵산관련물질의 총 함량은 각각 12.93 mg/100g 및 30.75 mg/100g으로 2배 이상의 함량차이를 나타내었다. 본 연구결과 자연산 말전복과 양식산 참전복 간에는 약간의 성분의 차이를 나타내었는데, 이는 전복의 먹이 섭취에 따라 조금의 차이가 있을 것으로 사료되었다.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.103-117
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 한국 성인(19-69세)들의 견과류 섭취량과 고혈압의 연관성 및 성인들의 수면시간에 따른 견과류 섭취량과 고혈압의 연관성을 분석하는 것이다. 2010-2016 국민건강영양조사 자료를 활용하여 분석하였고, 25,359명의 연구 대상자가 포함되었다. 본 연구에서는 수면시간에 따른 견과류섭취와 고혈압의 연관성을 분석하였다. 수면시간에 따른 견과류섭취와 고혈압의 연관성을 알아보기위해 로지스틱 회귀분석(logistic regression)을 사용하여 교차비(odds ratio, OR)와 95% 신뢰구간(confidence interval, CI)으로 제시하였다. 자료의 통계처리 및 분석은 SAS 9.4 for windows(SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC USA)를 이용하였고, 통계적 유의수준은 α=0.05로 설정하였다. 분석결과, 견과류 섭취량이 증가할수록 고혈압 유병률이 통계적으로 유의하게 감소한 것으로 나타났다(p for trend=0.02). 또한, 수면시간이 6시간 이상 7시간 미만인 대상자의 경우에는, 견과류 섭취량이 증가할수록 고혈압 유병률이 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하는 경향을 보였고(p for trend=0.03), DBP가 감소하는 것을 알 수 있었다(p for trend=0.01). 결론적으로, 견과류 섭취와 고혈압유병은 연관성이 있었고, 특히 수면시간이 6시간 이상, 7시간 미만 또는 7시간 이상 8시간 미만인 경우에도 견과류를 많이 섭취할수록 고혈압 유병률이 감소하였다.