• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.63-74
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• 2009

Purpose : The current nationally representative data on inpatient care are important to make the of the national public health policy because distributions and the prevalence of diseases among children and adolescents represent the socioeconomic status of the society. The prevalence of chronic disease is increasing now in Korea as the socioeconomic condition is improving. We analyzed a part of genitourinary tract disease of the cross-sectional hospital discharge survey data in Korea collected recently to delineate the trend of genitourinary tract diseases. Methods : Korean nationwide hospital discharge survey for pediatric inpatients in the period from 2004 to 2006 was analyzed. Diagnoses in the data were coded using ICD-10 classification. Totally 826,896 cases were collected from the 85 training hospitals. Selected data of genitourinary tract diseases (belonging to N00-N99 by ICD-10) among 826,896 cases of final inpatients data were analyzed for this study. Results : Among total patients of 826,896, diseases of the genitourinary system accounted for 4.1%. and four diagnostic categories accounted for 92.8%. These were other diseases of the urinary system (N30-39), 45.8%, disease of male genital organs (N40-51),19.1%, glomerular diseases (N00-08), 17.3%, renal tubulo-interstitial diseases (N10-16), 10.6%, respectively. Conclusion : Genitourinary tract disease in pediatric inpatient shows decreasing tendency but the prevalence of chronic diseases is increasing in Korea as the socioeconomic condition is improving. For further comprehensive analysis, regular and organized nationwide survey should be performed. Development of a new data collecting system will improve the performance of such nationwide survey.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.90 no.1
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• pp.64-73
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• 2001

Generally potassium in the soil can be remained as water soluble, exchangeable, and available types, respectively. Theses types of potassiums are also known to keep their kinetic relationships to each other. The Purpose on this research was to investigate types and relationships of potassium in the soil, and the characteristics of potassium supply in different forest soils. The results could be summarized as follows; 1. The amounts of available potassium in A and B horizon soils by continuous leaching with 0.01N-HCl were as follows : for A Horizon soils, pohang(Gray brown forest soils), Changsung (Brown forest soils), and Youngwol(Dark red forest soils) were ranged from 0.2me/l00g to 0.8me/100g, Taean(Red and Yellow forest soils) was 0.1-0.6me/100g, Kapyung(Brown forest soils) was 0.2-0.4me/100g. For the B layer, Youngwol was 0.1-0.5me/100g, Pohang, Taean, Kapyung were 0.1-0.4me/100g, Changsung was 0.1-0.3me/100g, respectivly. 2. Of ten times-pulse leaching with 0.01N-HCl for A layer soil, more 80% of total available potassium leaching were recovered by the second pulse as leachate for Pohang, Changsung, Youngwol, while similar amounts of potassium in the leachate were obtained with the third pulse leaching for Kapyung, Taean, respectively, On the other hand, the 80 % release of available potassium from the B layer soil was obtained by the second pulse leaching for all areas investigated. 3. For the relationships between soluble potassium and exchangeable potassium, the exchangeable potassium was increased while the soluble potassium was not changed significantly in B layer. And both soluble potassium and exchangeable potassium in A layer were similar. For the relationship between exchangeable potassium and available potassium in both A and B layers, the amounts of available potassium increased by 1.2 to 1.5 times as the exchangeable potassium increased. 4. For distribution of all types of potassium throughout locations investigated, the types of potassium were in the decreasing orders of available, exchangeable, and soluble. 5. The simplified method for an analysis of all types of potassium by sequential leaching with 0.01N-HCl should be developed not only with respect to time-saving and efficiency but also verification of the relationship between available potassium and tree growth.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 1997

$SrBi_{2}Ta_{2}O_{9}(SBT)$ thin films wcre prepared on $Pt/Ti/SiO_{2}/Si$ suhsrrate by pL~snia-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Sr and Ta huhhling temperatures were kept ,it $120^{\circ}C$ Iron1 X- ray tiiffriict!on. n~icrostruc~ure. and composjrional analysis of SH7' films, respectivels Hi I~ut~t~lmg tempcl.arure was varied SR'I' thin tilrns dcpositcd ar i3i buhbling temperature of $130^{\circ}C$ have dielccrric constanr of 150 anti dissipation factor of 0 02 at IOOkFic. I .eakagc wrrent density of films was ahour $1.0{\times}10^{-8}A/cm^2$ at 20kV/cm. 1.eakage current i11amcrc1istic.s of Sli'l' films nras c.ontrolled by I'oole Frcnkel emission Kenianent polariziit~on and mercivc field oi SR\ulcorner' films annealed at $550^{\circ}C$ were $9{\mu}C/cm^2$ and 70kV/cm, respectively.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.946-954
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• 1999

웹의 등장으로 전자 업무 처리는 급격한 성장을 보여왔다. 많은 업계에서는 업무 처리에 있어 핵심이 되는 트랜잭션을 웹에서 처리하기 위한 시스템 개발에 많은 노력을 기울여왔다. 그러나 대부분의 웹 트랜잭션 연구는 주로 CGI 방식의 트랜잭션 처리 성능의 한계를 극복하거나, 여러 HTTP 요청간의 상태 유지 방법 또는 시스템의 확장성 등에 대해 연구가 집중된 반면, 부적합한 웹 환경으로 유발되는 시스템의 일관성 손실에 대해서는 많은 관심을 받지 못했다.본 논문에서는 웹 상에서 신뢰성 있는 트랜잭션을 처리하는 경우 발생되는 세 가지 문제점을 지적하고, 이를 막기 위해 웹 트랜잭션 처리 시스템인 WebTP에서 제공하는 해결책을 제안한다. 제안한 해결책은 쿠키 로깅, 웹 페이지 로깅, 그리고 일방적으로 철회된 트랜잭션의 상태를 유지하는 기법을 근간으로 한다. 또한 제안된 방법은 유사 구조의 타 웹 트랜잭션 처리 시스템에서도 적용 가능하다.Abstract Electronic business processing has drastically grown since the advent of the World Wide Web. As transaction processing is at heart of business processing, many companies have been interested in transaction processing on the Web. However, little attention has been paid to supporting consistent transaction processing on the Web, while most of the work has been focused on performance enhancement, processing multiple HTTP requests in a single context, and scalability.This paper identifies three problems in consistent transaction processing on the Web, and proposes corresponding solutions for each problem. The results are implemented in the Web transaction processing system WebTP. These solutions are based on cookie logging, Web page logging and keeping information for unilaterally aborted transactions. The solutions proposed in this paper also can be applied to other Web transaction processing system of similar architecture.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.78-85
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• 2014

The Mu-communication board supported by hybrid communication is designed with Cortex M3, which is a low power energy consumption 32-bit microcontroller. The Cortex M3 microcontroller has UART(Universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter) ports which can set appropriately using the command line interpreter (CLI) program with each port. URAT ports are used for hybrid communication modems, GPS modules, etc. When the socket type was compared with the short message service type, the socket type was proven to be better. By improving the receiving performance in the control and management system of the AtoN, data loss was minimized. During the testing of the socket and SMS, data was collected from each buoy for 12 hours every 1 minute and the receiving rate of the data was found to be more than 98.58 % and 99.42 % respectively.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.331-336
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• 2014

Sediment and nutrient loading caused by the forest to conversion of agricultural lands have led to the deterioration in near water ecosystem. This study was carried out to examine the effects of agroforest culture field and open field culture field on water quality and runoff loading of nutrient. The runoff loading of Tot-N and Tot-P in agroforest culture field were similar to open field culture field. The runoff loading of total suspended solids (TSS) in agroforest culture field and open field culture field were $2,721kg{\pm}196/10a$ and $420{\pm}29kg/10a$ in 2011 and $696kg{\pm}59/10a$ and $463{\pm}36kg/10a$ in 2012, respectively. Our investigation showed that the runoff loading of TSS from agroforest culture field decreased when soil cover and soil stabilization increased. Therefore, protect facility of soil erosion for early alteration of agricultural lands are needed to minimize the soil erosion from agroforest culture field.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.16 no.5 s.96
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• pp.455-464
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• 2005

We have proposed a model of a thermal voltage converter(TVC) using the trans-impedance of lossy transmission line and developed a calculation program for ac-dc transfer difference of the TVC. The proposed TVC consists of a thermo-element(f) and a range resistor wire connected in series at the center of coaxial cylinder. The range resistor wire is used to extend the measurement range of the n. The calculated ac-dc transfer differences of the proposed TVC by simulation agree well with the measured values within the uncertainties. The simulated and measured values are agreed within $1{\mu}V/V$ from 40 Hz to 10kHz, within $5{\mu}V/V$ from 20kHz to 100MHz, and within $12{\mu}V/V$ from 200kHz to 1 MHz.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.43 no.6 s.348
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• pp.39-45
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• 2006

n a hybrid ad-hoc network, wired network and a mobile ad-hoc network are connected by the internet gateway. To provide seamless service for internet users in the hybrid ad-hoc network, an efficient internet gateway selection technique and a fast handover technique are needed. In this paper, we propose a seamless handoff technique for providing mobility of mobile hosts in hybrid ad-hoc networks. The proposed internet gateway re-registration algorithm improves general handoff performance. Moreover, the handoff processing time within certain range of area is reduced by using mobility management agent(MMA). In addition the packet loss is reduced when handoff occurs out of the range of MMA by tunneling technique.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.428-433
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• 2003

In this study, we investigated the variation of microstructural and electromagnetic properties of YIG ferrites for Isolator/Circulator application with the sintering temperature and Zr addition. The composition of the ferrites was Y$_{2.1}$Ca$_{0.9}$Fe$_{4.4-x}$V$_{0.5}$In$_{0.05}$Al$_{0.05}$Zr$_{x}$O$_{12}$ with x=0, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2. The YIG ferrites were prepared by the conventional ceramic sintering process. The Zr-substituted YIG ferrite, Y$_{2.1}$ Ca$_{0.9}$Fe$_{4.4-x}$V$_{0.5}$In$_{0.05}$Al$_{0.05}$ Zr$_{x}$O$_{12}$ showed the highest saturation magnetization (1097 gauss) at x=0.1. The microwave properties were shown as isolation of 18.60 dB and insertion loss of 0.45 dB at x=0.2. Additionally, Zr-substitution was effective in decreasing ferromagnetic resonance linewidth with Zr content.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.55-55
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• 1977

This experimental work was conducted in order to find out the optimum time of harvest of Japonica-type(Akibare) and Indica-type(Tong-il) rice variety for three harvesting systems by investigating the harvestirg losses and milling quality. The study was also concerned atout the nature and amount of grain losses incurred during the each sequence of post-harvest technologies, and based on these results, a modification of existing systems giving a minimum grain loss was attempted. Binder, combine, and traditional harvesting systems were tested in this study and five grain moisture levels were disposed according to the decrease of grain moisture. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The total losses of Akibare variety were ranged from 1.1 to 1.5 per cent for the traditional harvesting system, 2.1 to 4.8 percent for the harvesting system by use of binder, and 2.8 to 4.3 percent for the harvesting system by use of combine as the grain moisture content was reduced from 24 to 15 per cent. Milling recovery of the harvesting system by use of binder, 74.8~ 75.7 percent, was a little higher as it was compared to that of traditional harvesting system, 74. 3~75. 0 percent, and that of the harvesting system by use of combine, 73.8~ 75.0 per cent. Head rice recovery of mechanically dried paddy samples was higher than that of sun-dried paddy samples. 2. The total losses of Tong-il variety were ranged from 3.8 to 5.0 per cent for the traditional harvesting system, 5.2 to 10.0 percent for the system by use of binder, and 3.0 to 5.0 perent for the system by use of combine as the grain moisture was reduced from 28 to 16 percent.