• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2001.10b
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• pp.1163-1166
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• 2001

최근의 네트워크는 유선에서 무선으로 발전하고 있다. 무선 네트워크 기술은 여러 가지가 있다. 그 중 좁은 영역에서 사용하고 개인적인 용도로 알맞은 것이 블루투스(Bluetooth)이다. 블루투스 기술 표준은 데이터를 전송하는 단순한 통신 방법만을 정의한 것이 아니라, 몇 가지 응용에 대한 표준도 정의되어 있다. 이 응용은 모든 블루투스 기기가 전부 구현해야 하는 것이 아니라, 그 중 기기에 알맞은 것만을 선택해서 구현을 할 수 있도록 되어 있다. 그렇다면 블루투스 기기에서 다른 기기가 제공하는 서비스가 무엇인지를 알아낼 수 있는 방법이 필요하게 된다. 다른 기기의 서비스를 알아내는데 사용되는 블루투스 기술이 SDP 계층 (Service Discovery Protocol Layer) 이다. SDP 계층은 프로토콜만으로 작동 가능한 것이 아니라, 블루투스 기기에서 제공 가능한 서비스와 서비스 속성을 정의한 내부 데이터베이스를 참조해서 작동하게 된다. 이 내부 데이터베이스는 블루투스를 구현하는 사람마다 모두 다르게 구현하고 있다. 그래서 블루투스 서비스와 서비스 속성에 관한 정보는 글과 간단한 도표로만 정의되고 있는 상황이다. 블루투스 서비스와 서비스 속성 정보를 글과 도표가 아닌 XML을 이용한 문서로 표현을 하는 방법이 나타났었다. 그러나 블루투스 기기에서 직접 서비스와 서비스 속성을 기술한 XML 문서를 바탕으로 SDP를 작동시키는 것은 블루투스 기기에 XML 파서를 포함시켜야 한다는 것을 말한다. 대체로 작은 CPU 성능과 적은 메모리를 가지고 있는 블루투스 기기에서는 XML 파서를 포함하는 근 부담이 된다. 이에 본 논문에서는 보편적으로 사용될 수 있는 블루투스 서비스와 서비스 속성을 기술한 XML 문서에서 블루투스 기기에 적합한 내부 정보를 생성하는 생성기를 설계하고 구현을 하였다.보다는 현저히 낮았다. 총 휘발성 유기화합물읜 농도는 실내가 실외 보다 높았다(I/O ratio 2.5). BTEX의 상대적 함량도 실내가 실외보다 높아 실내에도 발생원이 있음을 암시하고 있다. 자료 분석결과 유치원 실내의 벤젠은 실외로부터 유입되고 있었고, 톨루엔, 에틸벤젠, 크실렌은 실외뿐 아니라 실내에서도 발생하고 있었다. 정량한 8개 화합물 각각과 총 휘발성 유기화합물의 스피어만 상관계수는 벤젠을 제외하고는 모두 유의하였다. 이중 톨루엔과 크실렌은 총 휘발성 유기화합물과 좋은 상관성 (톨루엔 0.76, 크실렌, 0.87)을 나타내었다. 이 연구는 톨루엔과 크실렌이 총 휘발성 유기화합물의 좋은 지표를 사용될 있고, 톨루엔, 에틸벤젠, 크실렌 등 많은 휘발성 유기화합물의 발생원은 실외뿐 아니라 실내에도 있음을 나타내고 있다.>10)의 $[^{18}F]F_2$를 얻었다. 결론: $^{18}O(p,n)^{18}F$ 핵반응을 이용하여 친전자성 방사성동위원소 $[^{18}F]F_2$를 생산하였다. 표적 챔버는 알루미늄으로 제작하였으며 본 연구에서 연구된 $[^{18}F]F_2$가스는 친핵성 치환반응으로 방사성동위원소를 도입하기 어려운 다양한 방사성의 약품개발에 유용하게 이용될 수 있을 것이다.었으나 움직임 보정 후 영상을 이용하여 비교한 경우, 결합능 변화가 선조체 영역에서 국한되어 나타나며 그 유의성이 움직임 보정 전에 비하여 낮음을 알 수 있었다. 결론: 뇌활성화 과제 수행시에 동반되는 피험자의 머리 움직임에 의하여 도파민 유리가 과대평가되었으며 이는 이 연구에서 제안한 영상정합을 이용한 움직임 보정기법에 의해서 개선되었다. 답이 없는 문제, 문제 만들기, 일반화가 가능한 문제 등으로 보고, 수학적 창의성 중 특히 확산적 사

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.71-76
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• 1976

Field experiments were conducted to study the effect of amendments such as lime and organic matter for mulberry trees on the newly reclaimed sandy loam soil for three years. The results are summarized as follows. 1. Compared to the N.P.K check plot with treatments, leaf yield was increased by 20 to 80%. Leaf yield was higher in the order of NPK+magnesia lime < NPK+compost > NK+fused phosphate NPK+green manure > NPK+barley straw> NPKplot. 2. Mulberry leaf yield showed high significant positive correlation with total weight and volume of root, length and number of wattles and the content of CaO or MgO in leaf respectively. 3. It is known that dead part sympom of top branch during cold season is associated with unbalance magnesium to potassium in mulberry leaf. It is estimated that such symptom was deminished when the ratio of $K_2O/MgO$ in leaf becomes 6.0 or higher. 4. In establishing a mulberry field on hilly reclaimed soil, application of magnesium and calcium with compost was essential but higher amount of potassium fertilizer should be followed in order to prevent dead part symptom of top branch of mulberry trees.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.192-198
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• 2015

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine associations between marital status and vegetable intake. Methods: Data were from participants 30 years and over (n = 18,190) in the 2007~2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Marital status was divided into three groups: married, never married, and separated/divorced/widowed. Vegetable intake was estimated from the twenty-four hour dietary recall. Data were analyzed using a chi-square test, analysis of covariance, least squares means, and logistic regression. Results: Married respondents tend to consume more vegetables, including kimchi, than all other marital status groups. Vegetable intake, excluding kimchi, was lowest among 30~64 year-old respondents who had never married. Elderly men (65 years and older) who were never married/separated/divorced/ widowed had significantly lower vegetable intake than elderly men who were married (p = 0.0008). When considering the Korean dietary reference intake (KDRIs), elderly men who were never married/separated/divorced/widowed, compared with elderly men who were married, had a significantly higher odds ratio for consuming fewer vegetables than the KDRIs (OR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.13~2.37). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that marital status might influence vegetable intake and the probability of consuming fewer vegetables than the KDRIs. In particular, being never married/separated/divorced/ widowed might adversely affect vegetable consumption among elderly men, although assessing the causal effect of marital status from this cross-sectional study is difficult.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.291-296
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• 2008

Pollutant unit load developed by Ministry of Environment (MOE) in 1995 has been a tool commonly used for water quality management and environmental policy decision. In spite of the convenience of the method in application, the shortcoming of the method has been criticized especially for nonpoint source pollution from paddy field. In this paper the estimation procedures of pollutant unit load from paddy field in the major river basins (Han, Nakdong, Geum, and Youngsan river) were investigated, and some suggestions of improvement measures of the unit-load estimation were made. The investigation showed that the distributions of rainfall, run-off, and run-off ratio, which are the most important factors affecting discharge amount of pollutants, were not similar among river basins. Such differences seemed to result in a greater unit loads estimation at Han river and at Nakdong river watersheds compared to the others. Therefore, it is not likely to be rationale to compare unit load among the watersheds without consideration of such differences. We conclude that estimation of unit-load through an intensive monitoring of pollutant discharge is crucial for better estimation of unit-load. When such an intensive monitoring is not easy due to labor and expense restriction, we suggest that unit-load should be estimated based on the storm-events which is a representative rainfall-runoff event of the area.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 1991

This study was designed to find out the effects of cropping patterns on the changes of soil physico-chemical properties. Soil properties and crop growth were studied under the four cropping patterns, such as rice monoculture, green garlic-rice, manure rye-rice and radish-rice. The results are summurized as followings ; 1. Soil physical properties were affected by different pre-crop cultivations and its residual effects were continued for 60-70 days after rice transplanting 2. Soil air permeabilities at harvesting time of pre-crops were high in order of manure rye>green garlic>radish, and water permeabilities during rice cultivation were similar to previous order. 3. Chemical properties of soil were affected by the different fertilizer level of pre-crops and their residual effects were continued to rice harvesting time. The ratio of nutrient uptake to $N-P_2O_5-K_2O $ based on amount of application were in the order of manure rye-rice>radish-rice>rice monoculture>green garlic-rice plot. Fertilizer application after pre-crops cultivation must be considered. 4. Rice root distribution of manure rye-rice plot was higher than that of other cropping patterns at subsoil. However, rice root distribution at green garlic-rice plot and radish-rice plot was high at topsoil which had much residual nutrient from pre-crops. 5. Rice yield after pre-crops was high in order of green garlic-rice>radish-rice> rice monoculture>manure rye-rice.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.377-388
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between various predicting tools and Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) to identify children with sleep disordered breathing (SDB). From 5 to 10 years old who came for orthodontic counseling, 61 children, whom had lateral cephalograms, pediatric sleep questionnaire (PSQ) records, and portable sleep monitoring results, were included in this study. A total of 17 measurements (11 distances and 6 angles) were made on lateral cephalograms. The measurements of lateral cephalograms, PSQ scales and portable sleep monitoring results were statistically analyzed. 49 of 61 (80%) patients showed AHI > 1, which suspected to have SDB and their mean AHI was 2.75. In this study, adenoid size (A/N ratio), position of the hyoid bone from mandibular plane, gonial angle, and PSQ scale were related to a higher risk of pediatric SDB. Also, oxygen desaturation index (ODI) and snoring time from sleep monitoring results were statistically significant in children with SDB using Mann-Whitney test (p < 0.05). In conclusion, evaluation of hyoid bone position, adenoidal hypertrophy, gonial angle in lateral cephalogram, and PSQ scale was important to screen out potential SDB, especially in children with frequent snoring.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.34 no.3 s.95
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• pp.206-214
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• 2001

Water quality and Pollution state of Lake Chungcho were evaluated during three years from 1998 to 2000. We surveyed physicochemical parameters, and TSI (trophic state index) was calculated using TP, Chl. a, and SD (secchi disc transparency) data of growing season average. Water samples were collected bimonthly except freezing season. During the study period, total annual precipitation in 1998, 1999 and 2000 year was 1,797,1,722 and 1,345 mm, respectively. Salinity and conductivity were high($29.3{\pm}5.5\;ppt$, and $45,105{\pm}7,585\;{\mu}S/cm$) then other lagoons in the Eastern Coast of Korea. Chemocline was formed by salinity at $0.5{\sim}1.5\;m$ water depth. As a result of this, DO concentration of hypolimnion was below $3.0\;mgO_2/L$. Especially, when intense chemocline was formed, temperature of hypolimnion was higher than epilimnion. Secchi disc transparency, chlorophyll a, and COD were $1.8{\pm}0.3\;m$, $15.7{\pm}20.7\;mg/m^3$, and $3.1{\pm}0.8\;mgO_2/L$, respectively. Most of TN/TP ratios below 20, but concentration of TN and TP was high. Values of TSI ranged between 59 and 77, indicating a eutrophic condition in this system.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.279-283
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• 2004

This experiment was carried out at paddy field (commercial silty loam soil) in the southwestern Korea. Pungsannamulkong, a determinate growth habit, was a relatively high yielding and late maturing cultivar, and Han­namkong, a semi determinate growth habit, was a relatively low yielding and early maturing cultivar. Seeds were sowed at two plants and with a planting density of $70{\times}10cm$ on May 26, 2003. Fertilizer was applied prior to planting at a rate of 3.0-3.0-3.4g $(N-P_2O_5-K_2O)\;per\;m^2$ by all basal fertilizations. Experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replications. Seed yield was higher in Pungsannamulkong by 362g per $m^2$ than in Hannamkong of 260g per $m^2$ Also, the number of pod, number of seed, and number of seed per pod were greater in Pungsannamulkong than in Hannamkong. The number of leaves per $m^2$ showed similar with two soybean cultivars up to August 24 but thereafter it decreased in Hannamkong. The leaf area up to August 4 increased in Hannamkong higher than in Pungsannamulkong, but after that time, Pungsannamulkong had greater leaf area than Hannamkong. The shoot and leaf dry matter of two soybean cultivars from June 23 to August 4 were similar but thereafter, Pungsannamulkong had a significantly greater than Hannamkong. Crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR) and net assimilate rate (NAR) for Punsannamulkong were relatively higher than Hannamkong but leaf area ratio (LAR) and specific leaf weight (SLW) showed higher in Hannamkong. Most of leaves distributed in the ranges of 80-90cm and 60-70cm from the soil surface in Punsannamulkong and Hannamkong, respectively. Pods of Punsannamulkong ranged 10-80cm from the soil surface and most of pods were distributed at 40-50cm. Photosynthetic rate at the flowering stage showed a significant difference between cultivars in the upper most leaf position. There was no significant difference of the photosynthetic rate at $7^{tn}$ leaf at the flowering stage, and the uppermost and 7th leaf position at the seed development stage between two soybean cultivars.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.101 no.3
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• pp.480-487
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• 2012

This study was conducted to search the effects of debris barrier on the benthic macroinvertebrate. Gimcheon was selected as the survey site as it has relatively stable ecosystem with constantly running water. The survey was conducted 6 times before and after the construction of debris barrier from February in 2009 to October in 2010. In the first survey before construction, the identified species were 36 species belonged to 22 families, 9 order, 4 class, and 4 phylum. The figure slightly decreased to 30 species belonged to 18 families, 7 order, 2 class, and 2 phylum in the sixth survey after construction. Before construction, occupation ratio of EPT taxa was showed in the following order: Ephemeroptera (50.0%, 85.0%), Trichoptera (35.3%, 10.0%), and Plecopteran (14.8%, 5.0%). After construction, it was showed in the following order: Trichoptera (50.3%, 68.0%), Ephemeroptera (42.1%, 29.4%), and Plecopteran (7.5%, 2.7%). Ephemeroptera was the highest before construction. Trichoptera increased rapidly after construction. The Diversity, Richness, Evenness, and Dominance indices were all turned low in the second survey right after the construction. However, each index tended to increase with the course of time. In Functional Feeding Groups, GC type was the highest of 60.7% before construction. After construction, SC(53.1%) and FC(35.4%) increased rapidly and they became stabilized since the third survey. The result of this study reveals that debris barrier greatly affects the Aquatic Ecosystem right after its construction, but the system becomes stable and returns to normal with the course of time (about 18 months). Therefore, the study considering various influence factors such as time is required to recover completely through further long-term monitoring.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2001.04b
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• pp.743-746
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• 2001

자바는 객체지향 언어이고, 한번 작성된 프로그램은 자바 가상 기계가 있는 모든 곳에서 수정없이 실행될 수 있기 때문에 소프트웨어의 개발과 유지 보수에 많은 장점을 가진 언어이다. 이러한 특징으로 인하여 개발되는 제품들이 자바로 구현되는 경우가 많다. 그러나 아직 대다수 소프트웨어 개발자들은 주로 C 언어나 C++ 언어를 사용하고 있으며, 최근에는 C#이라는 언어를 사용하고 있다. 자바가 플랫폼에 독립적인 장점은 가지고 있지만, 다수의 개발자 및 사용자가 마이크로소프트 윈도우 운영체제를 사용하고 있다는 것을 감안한다면 그리 탁월한 장점만은 될 수 없다. 또한, 최근의 개발동향이 COM(Component Object Model)을 지향하고 있고, 이는 더 이상 개발자들에게 프로그래밍 언어에 구애를 받지 않고 오직 개발 제품에 대한 집중력을 가질 수 있는 환경을 제공할 수 있다면, 그 개발 효율에 있어서 상당한 이점을 가질 수 있다는 의미이다. 따라서, COL(Component Object Language)을 기반으로 하고 있는 C# (C sharp)언어를 사용하여 개발을 함에 있어서 자바의 언어를 C# 언어로 변환할 수 있다면, 신생 언어인 C#에 있어서 기존 자바로 되어 있는 유용한 개발 제품들을 보다 효율적으로 이용할 수 있을 것이다. 본 논문에서는 두 언어(자바, C#)를 하나로 잇는 교량(bridge)역할을 할 수 있도록 자바의 중간 언어인 Bytecode를 C#의 중간 언어인 MSIL(Microsoft Intermediate Language)로 바꿀 수 있는 중간 언어 번역기를 설계하고 구현하였다. 이를 위한 방법으로는 먼저, 자바 Bytecode 와 MSIL 의 어셈블리 형태에서의 명령어 매칭과정을 매핑 테이블을 이용하여 처리하였고, MSIL 에서 자바 Bytecode 의 함수와 같은 기능을 하는 메소드의 변환을 위하여 마크로 변환기법을 이용하여 해결하였다.I/O ratio 2.5). BTEX의 상대적 함량도 실내가 실외보다 높아 실내에도 발생원이 있음을 암시하고 있다. 자료 분석결과 유치원 실내의 벤젠은 실외로부터 유입되고 있었고, 톨루엔, 에틸벤젠, 크실렌은 실외뿐 아니라 실내에서도 발생하고 있었다. 정량한 8개 화합물 각각과 총 휘발성 유기화합물의 스피어만 상관계수는 벤젠을 제외하고는 모두 유의하였다. 이중 톨루엔과 크실렌은 총 휘발성 유기화합물과 좋은 상관성 (톨루엔 0.76, 크실렌, 0.87)을 나타내었다. 이 연구는 톨루엔과 크실렌이 총 휘발성 유기화합물의 좋은 지표를 사용될 있고, 톨루엔, 에틸벤젠, 크실렌 등 많은 휘발성 유기화합물의 발생원은 실외뿐 아니라 실내에도 있음을 나타내고 있다.>10)의 $[^{18}F]F_2$를 얻었다. 결론: $^{18}O(p,n)^{18}F$ 핵반응을 이용하여 친전자성 방사성동위원소 $[^{18}F]F_2$를 생산하였다. 표적 챔버는 알루미늄으로 제작하였으며 본 연구에서 연구된 $[^{18}F]F_2$가스는 친핵성 치환반응으로 방사성동위원소를 도입하기 어려운 다양한 방사성의 약품개발에 유용하게 이용될 수 있을 것이다.었으나 움직임 보정 후 영상을 이용하여 비교한 경우, 결합능 변화가 선조체 영역에서 국한되어 나타나며 그 유의성이 움직임 보정 전에 비하여 낮음을 알 수 있었다. 결론: 뇌활성화 과제 수행시에 동반되는 피험자의 머리 움직임에 의하여 도파민 유리가 과대평가되었으며 이는 이 연구에서 제안한 영상정합을 이용한 움직임 보정기법에 의해서 개선되었다. 답이 없는 문제, 문제 만들기, 일반화가 가능한 문제 등으로 보고, 수학적 창의성 중 특히 확산적 사고에 초점을 맞추어 개방형 문제가 확산적 사고의 요소인 유창성, 독창성, 유연성 등에 각각 어떤 영향을 미치는지 20주의 프로그램을 개발, 진행하여 그 효과를