• Mycobiology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.396-405
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• 2021

Cinnamomum migao plants often face different degrees of drought in karst habitats, which can lead to plants' death, especially in the seedling stage. Widespread of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in karst soils have the potential to address this drought, which is a threat to C. migao seedlings. We inoculated C. migao seedlings with spores from Glomus lamellosum and Glomus etunicatum, two AM fungi widely distributed in karst soils, to observe seedling growth response after simulated drought. Our results showed that 40 g of G. lamellosum and G. etunicatum significantly promoted the growth of C. migao seedlings, 120 days after inoculation. Following a 15-day drought treatment, root colonization of the seedlings with G. lamellosum or G. etunicatum had lower the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased the accumulation of enzymes and osmotic substances in the seedlings. The relative water content in different organs (roots, stems, and leaves) of the drought-stressed seedlings was higher in plants with G. lamellosum or G. etunicatum than in plants without AM fungi colonization. Our results showed that inoculation with AM fungi was an effective means to improve the drought resistance of C. migao seedlings.

• Mycobiology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2002

The genomic DNAs were extracted from roots of Glycine max and Sorghum bicolor, and compared with those from spores of two arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM) fungi, Glomus mosseae and Scutellospora heterogama. The partial small subunit(SSU) of ribosomal RNA genes were synthesized and amplified by polymerase chain reaction with the fungal specific primers, AM1 and NS31. By the recent molecular techniques, the presence of another AM fungal DNA were confirmed in the roots of two plants, and three sequences of rDNA fragments amplified were identified to be close to those of G. caledonium, G. fasiculatum and G. proliferum. The two AM fungi, both, were found to colonize at the cortical layers of plant roots collected in the fields, together.

• Mycobiology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.277-282
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• 2016

In this study, we collected rhizosphere soils and root samples from a post-mining area and a natural forest area in Jecheon, Korea. We extracted spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) from rhizospheres, and then examined the sequences of 18S rDNA genes of the AMF from the collected roots of plants. We compared the AMF communities in the post-mining area and the natural forest area by sequence analysis of the AMF spores from soils and of the AMF clones from roots. Consequently, we confirmed that the structure of AMF communities varied between the post-mining area and the natural forest area and showed significant relationship with heavy metal contents in soils. These results suggest that heavy metal contamination by mining activity significantly affects the AMF community structure.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.112-119
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• 2004

Objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of nutrient solution strength and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF, Glomus sp.) on growth and flowering of potted miniature rose (Rosa hybrids L. cv 'Scarlet'). To achieve this, plants cultured with six different strength of Japanese Horticultural Experiment Station solution (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and $4.0\;{\times}\;{full}$ strength) and inoculated with AMP at cutting and transplanting. Leachate EC increased as solution strength were elevated. The leachate EC were not different between non-inoculated plants and AMF treatment at cutting, but significantly decreased when plants were inoculated with AMF at transplanting. The elevated strength of nutrient solution resulted in decrease of leachate pH. When plants were inoculated AMF at transplanting, leachate pH was lower than those of non-inoculated plants and inoculated with AMF at cutting. At harvesting (93 days after transplanting), plant height, leaf width, number of branches and shoot fresh and dry weight of rose 'Scarlet' increased with elevated nutrient solution strength. AMF treatment at transplanting of potted rose 'Scarlet' showed the best results in growth such as chlorophyll content, number of flowers, and shortening the days required to flower. The content of N, P, K, and Mn in leaf tissue of potted rose increased by elevated nutrient solution strength and AMF treatment, while the tissue Na contents decreased by an AMF treatment.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.26 no.4 s.87
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• pp.562-573
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• 1998

The symbiotic activities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) by analyzing spore density, symbiosis intensity and vertical distribution of AMF spores, phytomasses of higher plants such as Calamagrostis epigeios, Imperata cylindrica, Artemisia scoparia, Aster tripolium and Sonchus brachyotus, and physico-chemical properties of soil were determined in the rhizospheres of higher plants in abandoned two coastal reclaimed lands, which were constructed in 12 and 30 years ago, respectively. Vertical distribution of the AMF spores in the rhizospheres of higher plants was restricted within 20 cm depth from soil surface, which would be closely related with vertical distribution of root system, water table and soil aeration. Of vertical distribution of soil properties, W.C., A-P and K concentrations were increased as soil depth was lowered. In the coastal reclaimed lands, symbiotic activities of the AMF such as spore density and symbiotic intensity, were conspicuously stimulated by the increase of soil pH value, organic matter and total nitrogen concentrations, but inhibited by the increase of moisture, available phosphorus and sodium concentrations in the rhizosphere soil. Phosphorus absorption by higher plants growing in the reclaimed lands increased by the rise of symbiotic activities of AMF. Since symbiotic activities of AMF were stimulated with decreasing soil phosphorus concentrations, higher plants associated with AMF absorbed a large amount of phosphorus from the soil is low phosphorus concentrations.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.134-143
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• 1992

The association of soil environments and sporulation of arbuscular mycorrhizae was investigated using pot cultures. Increased arbuscular mycorrhizal spores as well as the better growth of the host plants were observed when sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) was treated with different soil conditions using several fertilizers with different concentrations. For to five fold increase of sporulation of arbuscular mycorrhizae was noticed depending on the mycorrhizal species. Although there were some differences between the four arbuscular mycorrhizae species and the conditions of soil environments, maximum populations of spores were reached at about 30-40 days after cultivation. The populations of four arbuscular mycorrhizal species was individually fluctuated. Also, the growth rate of host plants were different from the fertilizers over 2-3 times, but the increase of spores were not influenced by it.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.255-261
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• 2014

In this study, we summarized previous studies on diversity and distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) for last 30 years in Korea. According to a review of the literature concerning AMF in Korea, 14 genera and 89 species have been recorded. Host plants for AMF are very diverse and include crop species and woody plants in natural forests. Based on the achievements of the last 30 years of study on AMF, we anticipate that relatively more intensive studies of the functional and genetic diversity of AMF will be conducted.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.341-349
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• 2004

This study was conducted to compare the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the growth and fruit yield of hydroponically grown cucumber and tomato plants in solid medium culture. Mycorrhizal fungus Glomus sp. was collected from plastic film house soils of cucumber and tomato and inoculated to the experimental crops at the time of seeding and transplanting. Root infection of cucumber and tomato plants by AMF was more significantly increased when the AMF was inoculated at seeding stage than at transplanting stage. In the infected roots of cucumber and tomato, mycorrhizal hyphae was easily observed but vesicle and arbuscule were rare. Overall plant growth was increased with AMF inoculation and the growth was higher when AMF was inoculated at seeding stage. Fresh weight of each fruit of cucumber and tomato and sugar content in tomato fruits were significantly increased with AMF inoculation at seeding stage. The AMF inoculation also increased fruit yields of cucumber and tomato.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.394-409
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• 1994

The symbiotic activities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) such as spore density, symbiotic intensity and vesicle density, phytomasses of higher plants such as Calamagrostis epigeios, Imperata cylindria, Artemisia scoparia, Aster tripolium and Sonchus brachyotus and seasonal change of the AMF activities, electric conductivity and zinc contents in plant and soil were determined in the rhizospheres of higher plants at abandoned old coastal reclaimed lands, where constructed in 12 and 30 years ago. If plants of reclaimed land classified to salinity, symbiotic activities of AMF were high in order of obligate halophyte, facultative halophyte and glycophyte. Also, those plants classified to life form, symbiotic activities of AMF were high in order of annual, biennial and perennial plants. Seasonal variation of spore density, one of symbiotic activities showed that the plateau density maintained continuously from the end of growing season of the higher plants to next spring. For this reason, it regarded that reproduction of AMF spore would be formed in autumn, when the higher plants will be developed. Seasonal change of symbiosis intensity, other symbiotic activities, however, showed that the highest symbiosis intensity occurred in spring and summer but the lowest in autumn. In relationships among symbiotic activities, spore density was directry proportional increase of symbiosis intensity. Moreover, phytomass of higher plants also was directly proportional to increase the spore density as well as symbiosis intensity. Vesicle density, however, did not any correlation with the phytomass, spore density and symbiosis intensity. From these results, it can know that both spore density and symbiosis intensity are strongly possible to use as the measure of symbiotic activity owing to symbiosis of tho-AMF, the more absorption of zinc by the higher plants carried out the less concentration of zinc in the soil.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2011

This study was conducted to reveal the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in Mt. Munan, based on the morphological and molecular characters. Soil and root samples were collected from the rhizosphere of host plants including Lindera obtusiloba, Stephanandra incisa, Styrax obassis and Symplocos sawafutagi and AMF were trap-cultured with Sorghum bicolor as a host plant in a greenhouse. The spores were extracted from the cultured soils and five species were identified using morphological and molecular characteristics; Acaulospora longula, A. mellea, Ambispora leptoticha, Gigaspora margarita and Paraglomus occultum. The distribution of AMF showed different trends according to host plants. The dominant AMF species were A. longula in L. obtusiloba, A. leptoticha in S. incisa, S. obassis and S. sawafutagi.