• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.210-214
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• 2012

A microtiter well plate DNA hybridization method using Mycobacterium kansasii-specific rpoB DNA probe (kanp) were evaluated for the detection of M. kansasii from culture isolates. Among the 201 isolates tested by this method, 27 strains show positive results for M. kansasii, but the other 174 isolates were negative results for M. kansasii. This result was consistent with partial rpoB sequence analysis of M. kansasii and the result of biochemical tests. The negative strains by this DNA-DNA hybridization method were identified as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (159 strains), Mycobacterium avim (5 strains), Mycobacterium intracellulare (8 strains), and Mycobacterium flavescens (2 strain) by rpoB DNA sequence analysis. Due to high sensitivity and specificity of this test result, we suggest that DNA-DNA hybridization method using rpoB DNA probes of M. kansasii could be used for the rapid and convenient detection of M. kansasii.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.75 no.4
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• pp.157-160
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• 2013

Incidence of nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) pulmonary disease is increasing with the wider recognition and development of diagnostic technology. Mycobacterium kansasii is the second most common pathogen of NTM pulmonary disease in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. However in Korea, the incidence of M. kansasii pulmonary disease is relatively low, and there has been no report of M. kansasii pulmonary disease with bronchial involvement in HIV patients, to the best of our knowledge. We report a case of M. kansasii pulmonary disease presenting with endobronchial lesions in an HIV-infected patient complaining of chronic cough with bilateral enlargements of hilar lymph nodes on chest X-ray.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.1012-1014
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• 2013

DNA-DNA hybridization method with four oligonucleotide-specific probes was used simultaneously for differentiation and identification of four Mycobacterium species (Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. avium, M. intracellulare, and M. kansasii). This DNA-DNA hybridization method with 4 oligonucleotide-specific probes, which targets in the rpoB region of 4 Mycobacteria species, respectively, was tested on 322 clinical isolates. Using DNA-DNA hybridization method, we detected M. tuberculosis (282 strains), M. avim (7 strains), M. intracellulare (9 strains), and M. kansasii (3 strain) from 322 clinical isolates. This result was compared with conventional biochemical test and rpoB DNA sequence analysis of this clinical isolates. We confirmed identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. avium, M. intracellulare, and M. kansasii with high sensitivity (100 %) and specificity (100 %). This DNA-DNA hybridization method could be performed within 4 hours at least. Therefore, we suggest that DNA- DNA hybridization method using 4 rpoB DNA probes of Mycobacteria could be used for accurate, rapid, convenient detection and identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. avium, M. intracellulare, and M. kansasii in clinical samples.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.78 no.4
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• pp.356-359
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• 2015

Pneumothorax is an extremely rare complication of non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection. A 52-year-old man presenting with difficulty breathing and chest pain was admitted to our hospital. A right-sided pneumothorax was observed on chest radiography and chest computed tomography showed multiple cavitating and non-cavitating nodules with consolidation in the upper to middle lung zones bilaterally. Serial sputum cultures were positive for Mycobacterium kansasii, and he was diagnosed with pulmonary M. kansasii disease complicated by tension pneumothorax. After initiation of treatment including decortications and pleurodesis, the patient made a full recovery. We herein describe this patient's course in detail and review the current relevant literature.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.459-466
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• 2003

Mycobacterium kansasii is the second most common cause of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease in Western countries and Japan. The clinical and radiological features of pulmonary disease caused by M. kansasii usually resemble those of pulmonary tuberculosis including cavitary infiltrates with an upper lobe predilection. It is also now apparent that patients with M. kansasii pulmonary disease can present with noncavitary nodular bronchiectatic infiltrates similar to lung diseases of M. avium complex. With rifampin-containing regimens, treatment success rates are almost 100%. Timely diagnosis before the development of extensive disease and effective overall treatment strategies are very important to ensure that patients receive the appropriate medications for a sufficiently long period of time. To our knowledge, there has been no Korean case report of M. kansasii pulmonary disease in the immunocompetent patient until now. We report three cases of M. kansasii pulmonary disease in immunocompetent adult patients.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.60 no.4
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• pp.464-468
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• 2006

The incidence of Mycobacterium kansasii pulmonary diseases are on the increase in Korea with the higher probability of occurrence in middle-aged and older men with underlying lung diseases Among nontuberculosus mycobacterial (NTM) infections, the clinical features of M. kansasii pulmonary infection are most similar to those of tuberculosis (TB). The chest radiographic findings of M. kansasii infection are almost indistinguishable from those of M. tuberculosis (predominance of an upper lobe infiltration and cavitary lesions), even though some suggest that cavities are more commonly thin-walled and have less surrounding infiltration than those of typical TB lesions. Although there are reports on the rare manifestations of M. kansasii infections, such as endobronchial ulcer, arthritis, empyema, cutaneous and mediastinal lymphadenitis, cellulites and osteomyelitis, the association with bronchial anthracofibrosis has not yet been reported. This report describes the first case of M. kansasii infection presenting as a lung mass in the right lower lobe with accompanying bronchial anthracofibrosis.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.377-382
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• 2000

Idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia is defined as a depletion of CD4+ lymphocytes below $300/mm^3$ in the absence of HIV infection or other known causes of immunodeficiency. Many infectious diseases have been reported to be associated with idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia, and there have also been a few cases of mycobacterial infection in idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia. Until now, it has been unclear as to whether CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia is a predisposing factor for or a consequence of the mycobacterial infection. Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is an uncommon disease characterized by the intraalveolar deposition of amorphous granular material that stains positive with PAS, and its association with mycobacterial infection has rarely been reported. Recently, we experienced a previously healthy young man who had been diagnosed as idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia with disseminated mycobacterium kansasii infection and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, and report this case.

• Annals of Clinical Microbiology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.37-43
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• 2015

Background: Tuberculosis is globally the most important cause of death from single pathogen. Rapid and accurate identification of mycobacteria is essential for the control of tuberculosis. We evaluated a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method using peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probes for the differentiation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTB) and nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in direct smears of sputum specimens. Methods: The cross-reactivity of MTB- and NTM-specific PNA probes was examined with reference strains of M. tuberculosis ATCC 13950, Mycobacterium kansasii ATCC 12479, Mycobacterium fortuitum ATCC 6841, several clinical isolates of mycobacteria (Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium intracellulare, Mycobacterium gordonae and Mycobacterium chelonae), and 11 frequently isolated respiratory bacterial species other than mycobacteria. A series of 128 sputa (89 MTB culture positive, 29 NTM culture positive, and 10 under treatment culture negative) with grades of trace to 4+ were used to evaluate the performance of the method. Results: The MTB- and NTM-specific PNA probes showed specific reactions with the reference strains of MTB and M. kansasii and clinical isolates of mycobacteria except M. fortuitum ATCC 6841, and no cross-reactivity with other tested bacteria. The PNA probe-based FISH assay for detection of MTB had a sensitivity and specificity of 100%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the NTM-specific PNA probe was 100%. The smear grades of the PNA FISH test were same as with those of the fluorescence AFB stain in 2+ or higher grade. Conclusion: Detection and differentiation based on PNA FISH is sensitive and accurate for detecting mycobacteria and for differentiating MTB from NTM in clinical sputum smears.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.177-184
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• 2019

Mycobacteria grow slowly. Therefore, a solid medium should be used for eight weeks and a liquid medium for six weeks. The purpose of this study was to find the growth factors that can grow Mycobacterium rapidly and to help develop a solid medium for rapid identification. Three types of Mycobacterium growth factors were evaluated with 10 Mycobacteria by adding activated charcoal, defibrinated sheep blood, and L-ascorbic acid to $Difco^{TM}$ Mycobacteria 7H11 agar (Becton, Dickinson and Company, Sparks, MD, USA). The time to detection and the distinguishability of a colony were compared with that of the current method. In the rapidly growing Mycobacterium, the difference in detection time between the new media and conventional media confirmed that the new media was faster. M. kansasii and M. intracelluare grew faster in 7H11 C than in 7H11 medium. MTB grew faster than the other media in 7H11 C. This study confirmed that the two growth factors affect fast-growing Mycobacteria and slow-growing Mycobacteria. 7H11 C showed better distinguishability than the conventional media in all 10 Mycobacterium due to the color contrast. In particular, when the MTB was grown, the size of the colonies was larger than with other media, so visualization was easy.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.377-384
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• 1986

A study on the production of mycobacterial antogens has been made in order to improve immunological reactivity and specificity, which have long been explored for the better use of immunological diagnosis of mycobacterial infections. Instead of culture filtrate cell extract was used as a starting material for the production of antigens in this study. Cell extract was fractionated though several steps such as salting out, gel filtration and ion exchange column chromatography and reactivity and specificity of the fractions so produced were enaluated by the various serological methods. The result showed that the species-specific antigenic components distributed mostly in the fractions, Tc of M. tuberculosis, Kc of M. kansasii, Sa of M. scrofulaceum, Aa of M. avium and Fa, Fb, Fc (FF1) of M. fortuitum, which were fractionated by ion exchange column prior to concentrating by salting out and molecular sieving.