• Mycobiology
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.228-232
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• 2002

This study focused on the production of high quality compost for the growth of aero-thermophilic fungi, which has a promoting effect on the growth rate and production of oyster mushrooms. The automated solid-state bioreactor system was designed on the basis of a Three-Phase-One system, which controls the serial steps of prewetting, pasteurization and fermentation processes. High numbers of thermophilic fungi and bacteria were recovered from the mushroom composts prepared by this solid-state bioreactor. The rates of composting process were depended on physical as well as chemical factors. Among these factors, the parameters of moisture content and temperature were found to be particularly important. In our automated system, constant levels of moisture content, temperature and ventilation via mixing were provided by a centralized control apparatus including PLC, water tank and water jacket systems. These features induced higher microbiological activity of aero-thermophiles.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.151-159
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• 2012

The button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) is one of the most widely cultivated important edible mushroom species. In the breeding of new button mushroom, 'Seolgang' was developed by crossing two monokaryons 'CM020913-27' and 'SSU423-31'. Because of the secondarily homothallism, only a small percentage of the basidia produce 3 or 4 spores, which are mostly haploid (n) and do not fruit. Single spore cultures derived from these types of spores produce a vegetative mycelium that also contain a variable number of genetically identical nuclei per cell called monokaryon. The lack of clamp connections between monokaryon and dikaryon required a series of mycelial culture and fruiting test. After crossing, hybrids were cultivated on a small scale and on a commercial scale at a farm. For this, the spawn was made by a commercial spawn producer and the spawned compost by a commercial compost producer. Mycelial growth of 'Seolgang' on CDA was better at $20^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ when it was compared with that of '505 Ho'. The mature cap shape of new strain 'Seolgang' is oblate spheroid and the immature cap shape is round to oblate spheroid. The cap diameter was 41.2 mm on average. In comparison with white strain '505 Ho', the strain had a yield that was 9% higher. It produced fruiting bodies which had a higher weight on average per fruiting body and were 19% firmer with a good shelf life. Days of fruiting body were 3-4 days later than those of '505 Ho'. The physical characteristics such as elasticity, chewiness, adhesiveness were better than that of '505 Ho'. Genetic analysis of the new strain 'Seolgang' showed different profiles compared to '505 Ho', CM02913-27, SSU413-31, when RAPD primers A02 and O04 were used.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.94-99
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• 2016

Since development of the first Korean button mushroom cultivar 'Sae-Ah' in 2010, mushroom farmers have demanded an improved cultivar. Although a new cultivar, 'Saejeong', was developed in 2011, this cultivar has thus far been difficult to cultivate in typical mushroom farms. To solve this problem, another new cultivar, 'Saedo', was developed in 2012. This new cultivar was selected by genetic analysis from crossing the heterokaryon line A175 and the homokaryon line ASI1346-15. The heterokaryon A175 was a crossed line between strains ASI1038-211 and ASI1346-20. The mycelium of 'Saedo' showed good growth on compost dextrose agar at $25^{\circ}C$. The morphological traits such as the pileus (cap) and stipe of the 'Saedo' cultivar were thicker than those of the reference control 'Saejeong', and the production yield was increased by 1.89-fold compared to that of the reference control. A field experiment of the 'Saedo' cultivar has been ongoing since 2013. The yield of the 'Saedo' cultivar was found to be substantially higher than that of the reference control during the $2^{nd}$ flush.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.98-109
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• 2004

This study was conducted to develop revegetation methods for the restoration of the steep slopes by recycling of bark compost and mushroom media. In general, bark compost and mushroom media can be used as soil media for the restoration works, because they can increase infiltration of rainfall and give enough porous to breathe and elongate for the root growth as well as environmental value. This experiment was carried out to know the effect of soil media composed by different ratio of mushroom media for the restoration of steep rock-exposed slopes, and to certificate how soil media(PEC) will be effective to germinate and grow for native plants. The main results of the study are summarized as follows; 1. In percent coverage, the soil media PEC1 is more valuable than PEC2. The seed mixtures recommended by Government of Transportation and Construction can be used at PEC1 and PEC2, but it will be more useful if the total amount of seed are reduced and seed mixtures are altered in a direction of native plants. 2. The soil media is under 20 mm tested by Yamanaka Hardiness Tester which is available for the seed germination and growth. 3. The surface cracks are not occurred in PEC1 and PEC2, but more than 30 cracks per 1 square meter are occurred at soil media which is constructed by normal soil-seed-fertilizer hydro-seeding methods. 4. The soil moisture contents are over 20 percent level during 15 day. Such moisture content in soil media will be effective for the plant growth. By using Terra-Control, PEC can maintain enough soil moisture. 5. The eroded soils from $60^{\circ}$ slopes by artificial rainfall with the intensity of 20 mm/hr in one day after seeding are estimated under 1%. By the results of erosion test, it comes to the conclusion that soil media of PEC can be adapted at steep rock exposed slopes.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.169-181
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to produce Pleurotus ostreatus using fermenter with bag cultivation. These results are as follows. 1. While mushroom composts were being fermented in a fermenter, the physical property of the fermented composts was getting better when there isn't any screw or revolving flies in the fermenter and the strength of pressing the composts was getting less. 2. The composts were fermented well as slaked lime of 1% density added to the composts. 3. According to the result of examining our fermenting ways, composts were in the best condition after being fermented for 48 hours since the temperature in a fermenter has come to 60℃, which could be reached by heating the fermenter by 40℃ after putting compost materials and water into it. 4. The good condition of fermenting could be maintained by controlling the speed of revolving flies, therefore the speed be down when the temperature is above 60℃ and up bellow 60℃. 5. Since the composts had been added with 1.5~2% of cottonseed meal or rice bran, the fermented composts were in good condition and also the quantity and quality of the mushroom produced on the fermented composts were satisfied. 6. There were needed 7 hours of labour for 3days from the first day of putting composts into a fermenter for fermenting 3.5M/T(10,000~12,000bags of 750~800g per bag) of composts to the third day of finishing the fermenting work, and also the cost was 112,066￦(130$) including 52,066￦(60$) of electric charge and fuel expense.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.268-273
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• 2020

표고(Lentinula edodes), 노루궁뎅이(Hericium erinaceus), 느타리(Pleurotus ostreatus)의 버섯수확후배지(spent mushroom substrate, SMS)를 퇴비화에 활용하였다. 퇴비화 온도변화는 50℃ 이상에서 7일에서 10일 동안 지속되어 30일에 부숙이 완료되었다. 퇴비화 된 LeCSMS, HeCSMS는 130%, 80% 무종자에 대한 종자 발아지수를 보여 부숙 도에 대한 종자 발아지수를 충족하였다. 퇴비화에 따른 물리 화학적 변화를 조사 한 바 pH 범위가 4-5에서 6-7로 증가 되었고 EC는 1-1.4 dS/m로 소폭 감소되었으며 유기질 함량은 LeCSMS에서 36.9%로 SMS에 비하여 60% 이상 가장 큰 폭으로 감소 되었다. LeCSMS를 기준으로 N (1.2%), P(2.3%), K(0.77%)함량이 조사되었으며 중금속은 모든 CSMS에서 기준치 이하였으며 Ca, Mg는 30%에서 60%이상 증가하였다. C/N비는 LeCSMS, HeCSMS에서 15% 낮았으나 PoSMS에서 32%로 높게 나타났다. LeCSMS 처리에 따른 고추 유묘 생육효과는 시판 유기퇴비 처리구 등 대조 구에 비하여 초장이 60%이상 높게 성장했으며 옆폭, 옆장, 옆수에서 다른 대조 구에 비하여 모두 우수한 생육 효과를 보였다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.221-228
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• 2005

A total of 179 isolates of Trichoderma spp. were collected from oyster mushroom substrates in Korea. On the basis of morphological and cultural characteristics, Trichoderma isolates were divided into seven groups, namely T. atroviride, T. citrinoviride, T. harzianum, T. longibrachiatum, T. virens, and two unidentified species, referred to as Trichoderma sp. 1 and 2. The predominant species was Trichoderma sp. 2 (n=86) followed by Trichoderma sp. 1 (n=52). Trichoderma sp. 1 and 2 were morphologically distinct not only from the other species of Trichoderma reported but also from each other in the characteristics such as mycelial growth rate, colony appearance, shape of conidia and conidiophores and branching pattern of phialides, although branching pattern of phialides of Trichoderma sp. 1 was similar to that of T. harzianum. In virulence test, the degree for compost colonization of Trichoderma sp. 2 was significantly greater than that of the other Trichoderma species. Trichoderma sp. 2 was found to be the main cause of green mold disease in oyster mushroom production. More work including molecular characterization is needed to confirm the species of Trichoderma sp. 1 and 2.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.91-95
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• 1971

본 시험은 우리나라에서 발생하는 푸른곰팡이병균의 종의 빈도와 발병환경 및 방제법을 구명코져 실시하였다. 시험결과 Trichoderma koningi, T. lignorum, T. glaucum과 미동정의 1종등 4종의 병원균이 분리되었고 이들의 빈도는 각각 $50\%\;32\%,\;13\%$와 $5\%$이었다. 푸른곰팡이병균은 감자배양액, 왁스만배양액과 리차드배양액에서 생육이 잘 되었으며 중성-염기성배지에서는 생육이 불량한 반면 산성에서 생육이 왕성하였으며 최적산도는 pH4였다. 양송이 수확기간 중 재배사내의 온도는 $15^{\circ}C$내외 일 때 본명의 발생이 적었고 수량이 많으며 $20^{\circ}C$이상에서는 본병의 발생이 격심하였다. 푸른곰팡이병균은 복토흙 소독시 $70^{\circ}C$에서 60분, 혹은 $80^{\circ}C$에서 30분간 열처리하므로서 완전히 사멸하였고 퇴비 후발효 과정에서도 사멸되었다.

• 한국토양환경학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 1997

산업구조의 변화와 더불어 많은 수의 휴ㆍ폐광산이 생김에 따라 그에 따른 환경오염 문제가 발생되고 있다. 특히 주로 황철광에서 생성된 폐수의 중금속 이온과 낮은 pH는 생태계를 파괴하는 피해를 입힌다. 따라서 산성광산폐수의 처리를 위한 많은 방법들이 연구되고 개발되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 산성광산 폐수의 생물학적 처리에서 사용되는 4가지 유기물원들의 중금속 처리 능력을 비교 분석하였다. 버섯퇴비, 참나무 퇴비, 슬러지 cake, 우분의 4가지 유기물원 중 산성 광산 폐수의 처리에 효과가 있는 것은 참나무 퇴비와 우분이었다. 참나무 퇴비는 주로 이온 교환이나 -OH와 -COO-등의 작용기에 의한 흡착에 의해서 중금속을 처리하였으며, 우분을 사용한 경우는 자체 내에 존재하고 있는 황산염환원균의 활성에 의해서 중금속을 처리하였다. 따라서 이 두 가지 유기물원을 혼합하여 사용한다면 상호 보완 작용에 의해 효과적인 처리 효율을 얻을 수 있을 것이다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.42-46
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• 2013

The effects of the composition of a mixture containing food waste compost (FWC), rice bran (RB), and oak sawdust (SD) on the antler-type fruiting body (FB) yield of Ganoderma lucidum were studied. Experiments were performed using 0 (control), 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40% (w/w) FWC added to a basal growth medium consisting of 20% (w/w) RB and 80% (w/w) SD. The content of 15% FWC gave the highest FB yield ($27.0{\pm}1.3$ g/bottle), which was 44% higher than the yield ($18.6{\pm}2.8$ g/bottle) of the control treatment. However, FWC contents of 20~40% showed reduced yield (2.4~23.0 g/bottle), partly because FWC had a high Na concentration (0.6%). These results demonstrate the potential for use of FWC as a component of a growth medium for production of G. lucidum FBs.