• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.290-295
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• 2015

Aging is defined as a collective process that alters organism's functional capacity and appearance over the course of life. Apart from an increase in susceptibility to many diseases, aging affects the cellular system that is responsible for decoding painful stimuli. Yet, aging-associated molecular mechanisms of pain perception remains elusive. Using Drosophila, we showed a decrease in temperature tolerance and a reduction in high temperature thermal avoidance with aging. Locomotor activity assay demonstrated that the age-dependent changes in heat nociception did not stem from the general decline in muscular activity. However, we identified pain-related gene expression alteration with aging. We anticipate that our findings would help opening a new window onto developing the optimal pain treatment for the elderly.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to examine the changes of muscle activitis of erector spine muscles and Gluteus maximus during the bridge exercise with adductor muscles. Method: After attaching the EMG device to the Gluteus maximus and erector spine muscles of the 100 healthy adult males in their 20s, applying the stabilizer pressure biofeedback device between the knees, the bridge movement was carried out 10 seconds. Result: During the exercise of the bridge movement, the muscular activities in erector spine and gluteus maximus were significantly different in ralation to the simultaneous contractive adductor muscles of the bridge(p<.05). Conclusion: Thus, the bridge exercise is carried out in conjunction with the simultaneous contraction of adductor muscles that suggests that the training are more effective in erector spine and gluteus maximus activities.

• 재활복지공학회논문지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.115-124
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 하지의 좌우 불균형 검출을 위한 밸런스 측정 인솔을 개발하고 불균형을 개선하기 위한 청각 피드백 기술에 대한 검증을 하고자 하였다. 밸런스 인솔은 실시간 압력 감지 범위가 64 단계이며 발바닥 압력분포를 고려해 8개 부위에 FSR 센서를 탑재한 FPCB로 구성되었다. 피험자는 하지의 좌우 근력차이가 20% 이상 차이가 나는 피험자 20명을 선출하였다. 피험자들은 경사 0, 5, 10%와 속도 3, 4, 5km/h 로 15분 간 트레드밀 위에서 보행을 하였다. 또한 보행 시 나타나는 좌우 불균형을 평가 및 청각 피드백에 따른 개선효과를 검증하기 위해 측정된 족압 센서 데이터와 실시간 근육생리신호 데이터를 비교분석하였다. 실험 결과, 보행경사와 속도가 증가할수록 하지 좌우의 근력 불균형을 보유한 피험자들은 75.7%~140.9%까지 증가하는 반면 청각 피드백을 제공 시 10% 이내로 감소하는 결과를 보였다. 본 연구에서 개발 인솔 시스템을 이용한 보행환경에 따른 인체 좌우 불균형 발생시 FSR 신호 감도 결과와 인체생리신호 간 유효한 결과를 보였다. 향후 밸런스 피드백 보행 시 하지 좌우 불균형 개선 효과 경향을 보여 향후 족부 영역별 FSR 센서 민감도, 불균형 검출 및 개선을 위한 역치점 처리 알고리즘 개발에 대한 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2008

Purpose : When the pliability of the Lumbar is degraded, the kinesiology function undergoes an influence and it receives an overload. Finally, it is connected with a Lumbar muscular injury. When it does the regular exercise treatment the lumbago patient the balance and function of changeover are improved. The purpose of this study is to review of effect of the PNF application for lumbago patient Methods : By using internet, we research the PubMed, Science Direct, KISS, DBpia and the article on the effect of PNF. We selected the article between 1970 and 2007. Key words were low back pain, lumbago, PNF. Results : PNF is a therapeutic exercise for central nervous system(CNS) patient and the peripheral nervous system(PNS) patient and it is widely applied from sports medicine in the last. According to research of the Jung Young Jo(2007) and Han Kou Soo(2002), PNF technique improves the pain and a condition of the lumbago patient. And the affection balanced change and dynamic balance change and spontaneous movable scope are improved. And it improved to daily life activity. According to research of Moore and Hutton(1980), Lee Kyoung Hye(1999), PNF stretching where it is one of muscular relaxation is good in lumbar muscle fascia ache solutions, and PNF stretching that muscle is relaxed and increases ROM by Reflective system of the vertebra. These researches is relation all each other. it have appeared many report of research about Pliability, muscular power, balance, mobility improve ADL movement of attendance ability and functional action improved excise therapy put effect about lumbago patient recently, it have appeared research about therapy of lumbago patient through PNF. But PNF technique is not application about lumbago patient in clinic, therefore also it is not enough for case study about this therapy. Conclusion : PNF improve combination operation of muscle, inconvenience decrease from daily life activity, ROM(range of movement) of lumbar is increase and Lumbago reduce. So we suggest that PNF will be applies on the lumbago patient and must do a many research.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.789-795
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• 2010

This study aimed to investigate the effect of differing heel height on static balance and muscle activation of ankle joint during standing. Twenty-one young females volunteered to participate in this study. To measure balance function and EMG activity of tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles, the subjects were asked to perform 1-min standing with eyes open and closed state under 3 different heel heights: barefoot, 3cm, and 7cm each. During the standing, postural sway distance and area, and EMG activity of tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles were significantly augmented with increasing heel height (p<0.05). For comparison between eyes open and closed in terms of postural sway area and EMG activity of tibialis anterior muscle, barefoot and 7cm height conditions respectively showed significant differences as well. The findings indicate that high-heeled shoes may have disadvantages in maintaining balance function because of extra-muscular effort of ankle joint. This study provides useful information that will inform future studies on how heel height affects muscle activity around the ankle joint in aspects of static and dynamic balance.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.363-367
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was to investigate the effect of instability on the activation of lower limb muscles during lunge exercise. Methods: The study subjects were healthy twenties and were selected to have no orthopedic or neurological diseases. 1) Flat lunge exercise (Lunge 1, 2) Lunge exercise on TOGU (Lunge 2, 3) Holding the olympic bar and moving the lunge on TOGU (Lunge 3, 4) Holding the Surge and moving the lunge on TOGU (Lunge 4). Through the above four actions, we can see how the top-down instability influences the lower limb unlike the Bottom-up instability. EMG attachment sites were gluteus medius, vastus medialis, gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior. Results: These result suggest that exercise using Lunge 4 activity was the highest in muscle activity compared to other exercises, but vastus medialis showed the highest muscle activity in Lunge 2 exercise(p<0.05). Conclusion: This study showed the muscular activity of the lower extremities according to the lunge exercise using the instability tools.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.85-95
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• 2006

The purpose of this study of which 10 University students in their twenties are the objects was to examine the causal differences of kinematic and electromyography during power walking and normal gait. We came to the following conclusions. 1) It took less time to stance phase, swing phase and whole gait time during power walking compared with normal gait. 2) During power walking, the step length and step length and lower limb length are longer than that of normal gait. 3) During power walking, ankle joint angle became more plantar flexed at LIC and RTO, knee joint angle become more flexed, so did hip joint angle at LIC and RTO. Besides during power walking the shoulder joint angle movement was bigger and elbow joint angle was more flexed as the trait of power walking. 4) During power walking, through out the phase the muscle activity of all muscle was higher expecially the muscle activity of Biceps brachii, gastrocnemius medialis, gastrocnemius lateralis, Soleus was higher. Therefore during power walking, one's scope of activity and muscle activity is relatively higher than those of normal gait, so power walking helps one strengthen muscular power and energy metabolism. This will be useful information for those who are interested in diet and well-being.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.407-414
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of taping-tape with or without using spiral taping on vertical jump. The subjects for this study were about 20 years old healthy male college students without muscloskeletal diseases. Data for EMG activity and Ground Reaction Force(GRF) were estimated at three knee angles(i.e., 45, 90 & full degree). As a result, there was no statistical significance in max GRF at 90 and full degree regardless of spiral taping-tape. On the other hand, statistical significance was found when vertically jumping at 45 degree knee angle(p<.05). All the data for EMG activity at the three knee angles were not statistically significant, but there was a trend for a decrease in average EMG activity in elector spinae & Medial gastrocnemius at 90 degree knee angle. Based on these data, initial flexor action of knee was stabilized with spiral taping-tape when vertically jumping, resulting in improved muscular activity in Medial gastrocnemius. In conclusion, taping technique for jumping ability associated muscles like quadriceps is also required to develop.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.565-575
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• 2014

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of weight of load and time on the physical workload of repetitive upper-limb tasks with handling light weight loads using EMG and perceived discomfort, and to investigate the relationship between EMG and perceived discomfort for those repetitive tasks of moving light weight loads. Background: Repetitive upper-limb motion is known as one of the main risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders, and a lot of repetitive tasks are carried out while handling light weight loads in the industry. In evaluating the workload of repetitive tasks handling light weight loads, EMG and perceived discomfort can be used, though their relationship in those work conditions are not much investigated. Method: A laboratory experiment with 18 healthy males were conducted to record EMG signals from 5 muscle sites of the right arm and shoulder and rate perceived discomforts for the body parts and the whole body while carrying out repetitive materials-handling tasks for 52min. The subjects were divided into 3 groups which handled the loads of 1kg, 2kg and 3kg, respectively. ANOVAs were conducted to analyze the effects of the weight and time on RMS of EMG amplitude (normalized RMS: NRMS), median frequency of power spectrum of EMG (normalized MDF: NMDF) and perceived discomfort. The correlations between NRMS and NMDF and perceived discomfort were also analyzed. Results: Statistically significant muscular fatigue effects were not found from NRMS and NMDF in most muscles, while there were significant increases of discomfort as the task time elapsed. It was shown that there were an increasing trend of the muscular activity as the weight of load increased and a decreasing trend of median frequency of EMG of upper and lower arms as time elapsed. It was found that there were significant negative correlations between NMDFs from the lower arm and discomfort ratings, though the relationships were weak. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the working conditions adopted in this study were not enough to induce muscular fatigue, while there was significant increase in perceived discomfort. A further study is necessary to integrate the objective and subjective measures for more reliable and sensitive evaluation of workload of repetitive tasks of handling light weight loads. Application: This study can be used as a basic study for the evaluation of workload of repetitive tasks handling light weight loads.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.30-43
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• 1998

The purposes of this study were to examine the effect of two different pelvic alignments and the Valsalva maneuver on electromyographic (EMG) activity of the erector spinae during squat lifting and lowering, and to find an efficient method for squat lifting and lowering. Twenty hea1thy men in their twenties lifted and lowered loads using four different methods: 1) anterior pelvic tilt position with the Valsalva maneuver, 2) anterior pelvic tilt position without the Valsalva maneuver, 3) posterior pelvic tilt with the Valsalva maneuver, 4) posterior pelvic tilt without the Valsalva maneuver. The EMG activity of erector spinae was recorded during both lifting and lowering with each method. The EMG activity of each individual was normalized to EMG activity produced by muscle during maximal voluntary contraction. Two-way analysis of variance for repeated measures ($2{\times}2$) was used to analyze the effect of the two factors: 1) pelvic tilt position (anterior pelvic tilt, posterior pelvic tilt), 2) the Valsalva maneuver (with and without). Analysis was performed separately for the lifting and lowering. The results were as follows: 1) EMG activity of erector spinae was greater when the pelvis was tilted anteriorly than when the pelvis was tilted posteriorly during squat lifting and squat lowering. 2) There was no difference between EMG activity of erector spinae with the Valsalva maneuver and EMG activity of erector spinae without the Valsalva maneuver during squat lifting and squat lowering. These results suggest that the greater EMG activity of erector spinae with an anterior pelvic tilt position during squat lifting and squat lowering may ensure optimal muscular support for the spine while handling loads, but the Valsalva maneuver may have less effect on erector spinae.