• PNF and Movement
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.179-187
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the asymmetrical difference between the use of leg muscles on the surgical and non-surgical sides during initial lower extremity ergometer exercise after unilateral knee arthroplasty. Methods: Twelve elderly patients diagnosed with degenerative arthritis of the knee and who underwent unilateral arthroplasty were included in this study. The leg length of each subject was taken into account when setting the application distance of the lower extremity ergometer. The same pedal resistance, strength, and speed were used for all the subjects. The total angle of use of the ergometer (360°) was analyzed by dividing it into an extension section and a flexion section. Using a surface electromyography system, the activities of the muscles of the surgical and non-surgical sides were converted into maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and analyzed using the paired t-test. Results: When the activities of the muscles on the surgical and non-surgical sides were compared, it was found that the rectus femoris and biceps femoris had significant differences in the flexion and extension sections (p < .05), and that the tibialis anterior significantly differed in the flexion section (p < .05). There was no significant difference in the extension section of the tibialis anterior muscle, or in the flexion and extension sections of the gastrocnemius (p >.05). Conclusion: The results of this study confirm that the rectus femoris, tibialis anterior, biceps femoris, and gastrocnemius on the surgical side act in an opposite manner to those on the non-surgical side during pedaling in the same section.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.275-281
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• 2015

Objective : In order for Taekwondo athletes to perform destructive kicking performance, they are expected to have Taekwondo-specific muscle properties such as high muscle strength and power. The purpose of this study was to investigate the joint angle-dependent force-producing property of Taekwondo athletes' knee extensor muscles, which is one of the primary muscle groups involved in kicking performance. Method : Ten Taekwondo male athletes (age: $19.9{\pm}0.7yrs$, height: $180.6{\pm}6.2cm$, body mass: $75.9{\pm}8.9kg$, career: $9.2{\pm}2.9yrs$.) and 10 healthy male non-athletes (age: $26.3{\pm}2.6yrs$, height: $174.2{\pm}4.8cm$, body mass: $72.8{\pm}7.7kg$) participated in this study. Subjects performed maximum isometric knee extension at knee joint angles of $40^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$, $80^{\circ}$, and $100^{\circ}$ (the full knee extension was set to $0^{\circ}$) with the hip joint angles of $0^{\circ}$ and $80^{\circ}$ (the full extension was set to $0^{\circ}$). During the contractions, knee extension torque using an isokinetic dynamometer simultaneously with muscle activities of the rectus femoris (RF), and the vastus lateralis (VL) and vastus medialis (VM) using surface electromyography were recorded. Based on the torque values at systematically different knee-hip joint angles, the joint torque-angle relationships were established and then the optimal joint angle for the knee extensor was estimated. Results : The results of this study showed that the isometric knee extension torque values were greater for the Taekwondo athletes compared with the non-athlete group at all hip-knee joint angle combinations (p<.05). When the hip joint was set at $80^{\circ}$, the peak isometric torque was greater for the Taekwondo athletes compared with the non-athlete group ($313.61{\pm}36.79Nm$ and $221.43{\pm}35.92Nm$, respectively; p<.05) but the estimated optimum knee joint angles were similar ($62.33{\pm}5.71^{\circ}$ and $62.30{\pm}4.67^{\circ}$ for the Taekwondo athletes and non-athlete group, respectively). When the hip joint was set at $0^{\circ}$, the peak isometric torque was greater for the Taekwondo athletes compared with the non-athlete group ($296.29{\pm}45.13Nm$ and $199.58{\pm}25.23Nm$, respectively; p<.05) and the estimated optimum knee joint angle was larger for the Taekwondo athletes compared with the non-athlete group ($78.47{\pm}5.14^{\circ}$ and $67.54{\pm}5.77^{\circ}$, respectively; p<.05). Conclusion : The results of this study suggests that, compared with non-athletes, Taekwondo athletes have stronger knee extensor strength at all hip-knee joint angle combinations as well as longer optimum muscle length, which might be optimized for the event-specific required performance through prolonged training period.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.370-377
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• 2012

This study examines the effects of different environments on the application of hemiplegia patients circuit balance training. Group 1 performed circuit balance training without any auditory intervention Group 2 performed training in noiseless environments and Group 3 performed training in white noise environments. First, among lower extremity muscular strength evaluation items, maximum activity time(MAT) was not significantly different(p>.05). Maximum muscle strength(MMS) increased significantly in Group 3(p<.01), there was no significant difference in MMS among the groups. Average muscle strength(AMS) indexes also significantly increased in Group 3(p<.01), there was no significant difference in AMS among the groups. Second, among balancing ability evaluation items, Berg's balance scale(BBS) scores significantly increased in all groups(p<.05), BBS scores were significantly difference among the groups. Based on the results, Group 1, 2 and Group 1, 3 showed significant increases (p<.05). Functional reach test(FRT) values significantly increased in Group 2, 3(p<.05), and there was no significant difference in FRT values among the groups. Timed up and go(TUG) test values significantly decreased in Group 2, 3(p<.05), and there was no significant difference in TUG test values among the groups. Third, among walking speed evaluation items, the time required to walk 10m significantly decreased in all groups(p<.05), and there was no significant difference in the values among the groups. Average walking speeds showed significant increases in Group 1, 3(p<.05), and there was no significant difference in the values among the groups. Based on the results of this study, noise environments should be improved by either considering auditory interventions and noiseless environments, or by ensuring that white noise environments facilitate the enhancement of balancing ability.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.277-286
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• 2023

스테로이드 유발 근위축은 장기간 코르티코스테로이드 요법의 일반적인 부작용이며 근육량과 기능의 현저한 감소로 이어질 수 있다. 발아된 Rhynchosia Nulubilis (GRH)는 항염증 및 항산화 특성이 있는 것으로 밝혀진 전통적인 약용 식물이다. 그러나 근 감소 억제 효능에 대하여는 보고된 바가 없다. 본 연구에서는 덱사메타손에 의해 유도된 근위축 C2C12 근관세포 모델과 마우스 모델에서 근위축 억제 활성에 대한 GRH의 영향을 평가하였다. 또한 골격근에 대한 GRH 효과의 기본이 되는 분자 경로를 확인하였다. May Grunwald-Giemsa 염색을 통한 근관 세포 염색 결과는 GRH 처리군에서 근관의 길이와 면적이 증가함을 보여주었다. 또한, muscle ring-finger protein-1 (MuRF-1)와 muscle atrophy F-box (MAFbx) 발현이 GRH 처리군에서 유의하게 감소하였다. 더욱이 덱사메타손에 의해 유도된 근위축 C57BL/6 마우스에서 트레드밀을 사용한 지구력 측정과 악력측정기를 이용한 악력 측정을 통한 근육 기능을 평가한 결과 GRH를 경구 투여한 마우스의 근육 기능이 향상되었다. 또한 이러한 결과는 근육 조직에서 GRH에 의한 MAFbx의 발현 억제를 통해 일어남을 확인하였다. 결론적으로 GRH는 MAFbx 발현을 억제하여 유비퀴틴-프로테아좀 경로를 차단함으로써 덱사메타손에 의해 유발된 근위축을 개선할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2010

To develop effective training methods for strengthening a weakened quadriceps femoris muscle in hemiplegic patients, we examined the effects of maximal isometric contraction of the nonparalyzed knee joint on the electromyographic activities of the paralytic muscle. An electromyogram (EMG) was used to record the electromyographic activities of the paralytic quadriceps femoris muscle in 27 hemiplegic patients. The maximal isometric contraction was measured for each subject to normalize the electromyographic activities. The maximal isometric extension and flexion exercises were randomly conducted when the knee joint angles of the nonparalyzed knees were $0^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, and $90^{\circ}$. The patients were encouraged to maintain maximal isometric contractions in both knee joints during each measurement, and three measurements were taken. A one-minute rest interval was given between each measurement to minimize the effects of muscle fatigue. An average from the three values was taken as being the root mean square of the EMG and was recorded as being the maximal isometric contraction. The electromyographic activity obtained for each measurement was expressed as a percentage of the reference voluntary contraction, which was determined using the values obtained during the maximal isometric contraction. The results of this study are summarized as follows: First, when the knee joint angle of the nonparalyzed knee was $0^{\circ}$, the electromyographic activities of the paralytic medial aspect of rectus femoris were related to measurement by a maximal isometric flexion exercise than by an extension exercise (p<.05). Second, when the knee joint angle of the nonparalyzed knee was $90^{\circ}$, the electromyographic activities of the paralytic lateral aspect of rectus femoris were related to measurement by a maximal isometric flexion exercise than by an extension exercise (p<.05). The results show that myoelectrical activities of paralytic quardriceps were not related to measurement angles and exercise directions of the nonparalized knee joint. Studies on various indirect intervention to improve muscular strength of patients with nervous system disorders of the weakened muscle should be constantly conducted.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2020

PURPOSE: The study examined the relationship between the knee function score and knee strength and muscular endurance of an elite female handball athletes according to their position in the team. METHODS: Thirty handball athletes participated on the study: 12 front positions, 12 back positions, and five goalkeepers. The knee function score consisted of symptoms, pain, daily activity, sports and recreation, and quality of life. In addition, CSMI (Cybex, USA) was used to measure the strength and muscular endurance of the knee. The muscular strength and muscular endurance were measured at an angular velocity of 60°/s and 180°/s, respectively. RESULTS: The overall items of the knee function score showed a significant difference (p = .017), and goalkeepers had significantly higher scores than the back positions. In addition, significant differences were observed in all five items depending on the position (p ≤ .05). On the other hand, both the flexor and extensor muscles of the knee strength and muscular endurance were not significant. Moreover, there was no correlation between the knee function score and the knee strength and muscle endurance. CONCLUSION: Elite female handball athletes have different knee functions score depending on their position in the team, but the, strength and muscular endurance of the knee were similar for each position. Furthermore, the knee function score showed no correlateion with the strength and muscular endurance of the knee.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.807-819
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• 1997

The purpose of the study was to identify the effects of a 12-week low-intensity exercise program on muscle strength, flexibility, balance, and cognitive characteristics related to the performance of activity of daily living(ADL). A total of 16 patients who were admitted to the medical unit of a general hospital in ChoongChung province were recruited, eight for the exercise group and eight for the comparison group. Four levels of low-intensity exercise from 'ROM on bed' to 'exercise while walking' were then applied to the exercise group according to their physical condition. During hospitalization, patients in the exercise group performed each level of the prescribed exercise with the researchers until they felt comfortable doing it independently. The researchers also visited the patients' homes after discharge to make sure they could perform the exercise with Theraband in their living environment. The exercise group was contacted by phone once a week to assess the frequency and intensity in which they performed the exercise as well as their physical condition. The subjects in the comparison group participated in measurements for the study without performing the exercise and were contacted by phone after discharge, in a matched time frame with the exercise group, to assess physical condition. Muscle strength, flexibility, balance, cognitive characteristics, and performance of ADL for the two groups were compared at the pretest and the posttest after the low-intensity exercise program by utilizing SPSSWIN and the results are as follows : 1) At the postest, measurements of muscle strengths showed that the strength of the dorsal flexor in the exercise group was significantly higher than in the comparison group. 2) Objective balance for the exercise group was significantly better than for the comparison group as measured by 'standing on one foot' and Tinetti gait and balance control. 3) The exercise group showed significantly higher task self-efficacy than the comparison group. 4) Perceived exertion for ADL for the exercise group was significantly lower than for the comparison group. 5) Improvement of performance of ADL without assistance was significantly higher for the exercise group than the comparison group. The findings suggest that a low-intensity exercise program would be useful for the elderly who show decline in their physical functioning due to hospitalization by partly improving physical strength, task self-efficacy, and performance of ADL. Directions for further research on issues of motivating people to exercise as well as of standardizing various types of exercise were discussed.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2023

본 연구는 노화로 발생하는 근골격계 변화를 예방하기 위해서 적용한 운동 프로그램이 노인 여성의 통증, 근력, 균형능력 및 낙상효능감에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 실시하였다. 65세 이상 노인 여성을 대상으로 대퇴사두근 셋팅 운동, 브릿지 운동, 저항밴드 운동, 폼 롤러를 이용한 운동 등을 포함한 운동 프로그램을 주 1회, 8주간 적용하였다. 통증을 평가하기 위해 시각적 아날로그 척도를 사용하였으며, 디지털 근력측정기를 이용하여 근력을 평가하였고, Berg 균형척도를 이용하여 균형능력을 측정하였으며, 낙상효능척도를 이용하여 낙상에 대한 두려움 정도를 평가하였다. 연구결과에서 실험 전에 비해 허리와 무릎 부위의 통증이 유의하게 감소하였고 대퇴사두근과 대둔근의 근력이 유의하게 증가하였으며, 균형능력과 낙상효능감이 유의하게 개선되었다. 결론적으로, 다양한 운동방법이 포함된 프로그램의 적용은 근골격계를 강화하여 노인 여성의 신체적 활동에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다. 또한, 노화에 따른 신체적 변화를 예방하기 위해서는 근골격계를 강화할 수 있는 다양한 운동방법들이 포함된 운동 프로그램이 적용되어야 한다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.77-81
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• 1985

사양기간(飼養期間)이 서로 다른 닭의 골격근에서 actomyosin 을 추출하여 추출성과 생물 활성을 비교하였다. 가슴부위에서 추출한 actomyosin의 추출성은 사양기간(飼養期間)이 3,4,5,6,7주(週)의 순으로 각각 184.5, 364.0, 784.8, 926.1, 985.2, 1020.1 mg/100g 이었고 다리부위는 각각 28.6, 70.8, 137.9, 139.5, 608.3 그리고 646.2mg/100g 이었다. 사양기간(飼養期間)이 3,6,8주(週)인 경우 24시간 추출한 actomyosin의 EDTA-ATPpase활성은 각각 0.68, 0.59, 0.50${\mu}M$ Pi/mg protein min. 이었고 Mg^{+2}$-ATPase 활성은 각각 0.66, 0.71, 0.75 $0.50\;{\mu}M$ Pi/mg protein min.이었고 Mg^{+2}$-ATPase 활성은 각각 0.66, 0.71, $0.75\;{\mu}moles$ Pi-mg protein/min.이었다. 사양기간(飼養期間)에 관계없이 actomyosin 의 3, 6, 8 Mg^{+2}$-ATPase 활성은 저(低) ion 강도에서 높은 활성과 rh(高) ion 강도에서 낮은 biphasic response를 나타내었고 $125\;{\mu}mole$ EGTA로서 Mg^{+2}$-ATPase 활성을 $0.1\;{\mu}mole/mg$ protein/min 이하로 저해시켰다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.555-563
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• 2024

우리는 한방과 민간요법에서 전통적으로 근력증대와 근감소증 예방, 근육합성 촉진, 연골과 인대 관절강화 등에 사용되어온 천연물 약재를 선정하였다. 이와 관련된 효능이 보고된 총 아미노산을 분석하고 근력약화 및 근감소 현상도 생체의 노화촉진 증상의 일환으로 간주하여 이들 추출물의 항산화 활성과 관련된 총 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량을 분석하였다. 인삼 및 삼채의 가공제조 과정에서 주종 Arginine 함량의 변화는 건조 백삼 114.07mg/100ml 대비 증숙 홍삼 99.48mg/100ml 및 건조 삼채 118.90mg/100ml 대비 증숙 삼채 54.69mg/100ml으로 감소하였다. 섬오가피 야생 뿌리와 가시오가피 지상부 잔가지 추출물의 항산화효과 DPPH 및 ABTS 라디칼 소거 활성이 현저하게 높았다. 한편 DPPH활성은 건조백삼과 건조 삼채에 비하여 증숙 홍삼과 증숙 삼채가 높았으나, ABTS 활성은 건조백삼 41.96% 대비 증숙 홍삼 66.88%로 증가를 보였으나 건조 삼채 77.48% 및 증숙 삼채 77.52%의 활성은 유사하였다.