• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.832-839
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• 2007

In this study, a new bicycle system was developed to improve muscular strength using the Magneto-Rheological(MR) rotary brake. The friction load of the MR rotary brake is adjusted according to muscle strength of the subjects. The characteristic of muscular strength was studied with various friction loads of MR rotary brake. The friction load was occurred with the current, applied to the MR. rotary brake. Experiments was composed of several cycling trials for various friction loads. In training programs involving muscle improvement, it is necessary to confirm muscle activity and fatigue. To measure the muscle activity and fatigue, EMG signals of rectus femoris (RF), biceps femoris (BF), tensor fasciae latae (TFL), vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VAS), gastrocnemius (GAS), tibialis anterior (TA) and soleus (SOL) muscles were collected with surface electromyography and analyzed into time and frequency domain. The experimental results showed that the muscle activity according to the applied current to the MR rotary brake was significantly different. The more the current was applied, the higher value of the integrated EMG (IEMG) was obtained. Especially, the magnitude of IEMG of the RF, BF, TFL and VL varied in direct proportion to the current. However, there was not significant in the median frequency as the cycling time continue.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.824-831
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• 2012

The objective was to compare meat quality, muscle fiber characteristics, lipid oxidation and fatty acids of Limousin (LIM), Simmtental (SIM), Luxi (LX), Qinchuan (QC) and Jinnan (JN) offered the same diet in China. After finishing, eight bulls from each breed were randomly selected for slaughter at 18.5 months old. Longissimus dorsi (ld) muscle was taken from the carcass for meat quality evaluations. Breed had little effect on most of meat and fat color parameters except for Hue and $b^*$ in which QC had lower values. LIM showed higher pH (24 h) and better water holding capacity than other breeds. LIM showed the lowest dry matter content but the highest crude protein. LX and LIM had higher percentage and density of red muscle fiber than other breeds. Lipid oxidations were significantly lower in LIM than in QC, with the LX, SIM and JN having the intermediate values. Compared to other four breeds, QC provided the highest values of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), n-6 fatty acids and n-3 fatty acids. In conclusion, LIM scored better on most of meat quality characteristics; however, local breeds such as LX and QC also had better muscle fiber characteristics and better fatty acids composition.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2011

Purpose:This study was designed to investigate difference in isokinetic muscle strength in the knee extensor muscle and characteristic differences in muscle strength between males and females through the ankle joint angles. Methods: Seventy-four subjects participated in this study. There were two groups: 36 males and 38 females. The mean age of the men was 24.58 years and women was 23.74 years. Subjects were seated on a CON-TREX LP (leg press) lean to back of chair, and there bodies were fixed by straps with the hip joint at an angle of $130^{\circ}$. After randomly fixing the ankle joint at $0^{\circ}$, $20^{\circ}$, and $40^{\circ}$ of plantar flexion (PF) in range of full extension of knee joint. We studied force max average, force max average/kg, power average, and total work through the angle of the ankle joint when the knee joint was extended from $90^{\circ}$ to $180^{\circ}$. Results: In the male group, all maximum measured value showed at the ankle joint $0^{\circ}$, all minimum measured value showed at $40^{\circ}$ PF (p<0.01). In the female group, all maximum measured value showed at the ankle joint $20^{\circ}$ PF, especially the power average increased significantly. All minimum measured value showed $40^{\circ}$ PF (p<0.01). Conclusion: There are differences between males and females in isokinetic muscle strength of the knee extensor through ankle joint angles in healthy adults. Males and Females have different characteristics of muscle strength through the ankle joint angles.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.155-163
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• 2010

피부근염은 특발성의 염증성 결합조직 질환으로서 점진적인 근육의 쇠약과 특징적인 피부 발진의 증상을 보이는 전신적 자가 면역 질환의 일종이며 근력 약화와 함께 나타나거나 흔히 선행하는 특징적 발진에 의해 진단된다. 가장 특징적인 피부증상은 상안검의 부종과 함께 나타나는 푸르면서 보라색 발진인 heliotrophic rash, 안면부와 상부 흉부의 넓적하고 붉은 발진 (flat red rash), 피부의 인설(scaling)현상을 나타내는 손가락 관절(knuckle)부위의 두드러진 Gottron's papules (violaceous scaly eruption)등 이다. 근육 증상으로 주로 근위부 사지 근육의 약화를 동반한 근육의 염증성 및 퇴행성 변화를 보인다. 피부 근염은 종종 소화기계 (gastrointestinal tract)와 호흡기계 (respiratory system)를 침범하며 15%~25%에서 악성변화를 보인다. 치료는 피부증상뿐 아니라 근육 증상도 악화시킬 수 있는 자외선에 대한 노출을 피하고 일차적으로 전신적 corticosteroid를 사용하며 증상이 심하거나 steroid에 반응이 없을 때 다른 면역억제제를 사용할 수 있다. 피부근염에서 안면근은 침범되지 않으며 저작근의 이환 역시 거의 없다. 본 증례를 통해 피부근염을 앓고 있는 환자에서 개구장애가 발생할 수 있으며, 이는 근경축과 유사한 양상을 보임을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 피부근염 환자에서 발생할 수 있는 개구장애는 회복이 어려울 수 있으므로, 점진적으로 개구량이 줄어드는 것을 막고 정상적인 개구량을 확보 할 수 있도록 지속적인 개구운동 등의 치료가 필요하다고 사료된다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.270-278
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• 2011

이 연구는 20대와 40대의 급성과 만성 요통환자를 대상으로 척추 주위근육의 단면도를 비교하는 것이다. 20대(남자-9, 여자-10)와 40대(남자-8, 여자9)의 대상자들은 MRI로 요추(4번 하부 종단판) 단면도의 척추주위근육(장요근, 다열근, 척추기립근)들의 크기를 PACS(free-handling technique of the picture archiving and communication system(PACS)을 이용하여 측정하였다. 연구 결과 20대 급성과 만성 요통 환자들의 척추 주위근들의 차이는 통계학적으로 유의성이 없게 나타났으나, 40대 급성과 만성 요통환자들의 척추 주위근들의 차이는 만성 요통환자들이 근 위축이 통계학적으로 유의성 있게 나타났다. 또한 20대와 40대의 만성요통환자 척추 주위근들의 차이도 40대 만성요통 환자들에게 유의성 있게 나타났다. 연구에서 20대 만성환자들의 근 위축은 나타나지 않았으나 40대 만성환자들은 다양한 이유로 근 위축이 나타났다. 따라서 40대의 만성 요통환자들은 조기의 다양한 요부 근력 운동 및 기능적 활동 등으로 허리 주위근육의 위축을 감소시키는 것이 필요하다.

• 전자공학회논문지CI
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 기존의 근육 추출 방법에서 영상의 왜곡으로 인해 제외되었던 외복사근 영역의 근육을 추출하는 방법을 제안한다. 본 논문에서는 초음파 영상에서 측정할 근육 영역을 설정한 후, 초기 초음파 영상에서 불필요한 잡음을 제거하고 Ends-in Search Stretching 기법을 적용하여 근막과 근육 영역의 명암 대비를 강조한다. 전처리 과정을 통해 얻어진 영상에서 수직 방향으로 평균 이진화 기법을 적용한 후에 근막의 후보 영역을 추출한다. 추출된 근막의 후보 영역에서 형태학적인 특징을 이용하여 근막 영역 이외의 영역을 제거하고, 손실된 근막에 대해서는 형태학적 정보와 위치 정보를 이용하여 근막을 복원한다. 복원된 근막 영역에서 Convex 촬영시 나타나는 호의 정보를 이용하여 피부 영역을 제거한 후, Up-Down Search 방법을 적용하여 위 아래 방향으로 각각 탐색된 결과를 겹쳐서 근육의 후보 영역을 추출한다. 추출된 근육의 후보 영역에서 형태학적인 특징을 이용하여 잡음을 제거하고, 최종적으로 근육 영역을 추출한다. 근육 영역의 형태가 정확하게 추출되는 않은 경우에는 스미어링 기법을 적용하여 근육 영역을 복원한 후, 최소 자승법을 이용하여 근육의 두께를 측정한다. 제안된 방법을 복부의 초음파 영상에 적용하여 근육 영역을 추출한 결과, 제안된 방법이 초음파 영상에서 근육 영역들의 두께를 측정하는데 기존의 근육 측정 방법보다 효과적인 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제61권4호
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• pp.509-515
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• 2018

Objective : In Asians, kneeling and squatting are the postures that are most often induce common peroneal neuropathy. However, we could not identify a compatible compression site of the common peroneal nerve (CPN) during hyper-flexion of knees. To evaluate the course of the CPN at the popliteal area related with compressive neuropathy using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of healthy Koreans. Methods : 1.5-Tesla knee MRI scans were obtained from enrolled patients and were retrospectively reviewed. The normal populations were divided into two groups according to the anatomical course of the CPN. Type I included subjects with the CPN situated superficial to the lateral gastocnemius muscle (LGCM). Type II included subjects with the CPN between the short head of biceps femoris muscle (SHBFM) and the LGCM. We calculated the thickness of the SHBFM and posterior elongation of this muscle, and the LGCM at the level of femoral condyles. In type II, the length of popliteal tunnel where the CPN passes was measured. Results : The 93 normal subjects were included in this study. The CPN passed through the "popliteal tunnel" formed between the SHBFM and the LGCM in 36 subjects (38.7% type II). The thicknesses of SHBFM and posterior portions of this muscle were statistically significantly increased in type II subjects. The LGCM thickness was comparable in both groups. In 78.8% of the "popliteal tunnel", a length of 21 mm to <40 mm was measured. Conclusion : In Korean population, the course of the CPN through the "popliteal tunnel" was about 40%, which is higher than the Western results. This anatomical characteristic may be helpful for understanding the mechanism of the CPNe by posture.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.11-26
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• 2018

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to review the effects of exercise intervention on blood glucose control in obese type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: The PubMed and KERISS search engines were used and 61 papers that met the key questions were selected. RESULTS: Exercise is an effective intervention for the control of blood glucose in type 2 diabetic patients because it does not impair glucose transport in the skeletal muscle induced by muscle contractions. Insulin resistance, which is characteristic of type 2 diabetes, is caused by decreased insulin sensitivity or insulin responsiveness. Acute exercise improves the glucose metabolism by increasing the insulin-independent signaling pathways and insulin sensitivity in the skeletal muscle, and regular long-term exercise improves the skeletal muscle insulin responsiveness and systemic glucose metabolism by increasing the mitochondrial and GLUT4 protein expression in the skeletal muscle. CONCLUSION: The improvement of the glucose metabolism through exercise shows a dose-response pattern, and if exercise consumes the same number of calories, high intensity exercise will be more effective for the glucose metabolism. On the other hand, it is practically difficult for a patient with obese type 2 diabetes to control their blood glucose with high intensity or long-term exercise. Therefore, it will be necessary to study safe adjuvants (cinnamic acid, lithium) that can produce similar effects to high-intensity and high-volume exercises in low-intensity and low-volume exercises.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.461-467
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• 1989

The activity of lactate dehydrogenase in plasma and various tissues(skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, liver, lung, kidney and spleen) of Korean native cattle in a Chonju abattoir, the Breeding Stock Farm and Animal Farm of Chonbuk University was determined by using ultra violet method. Using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme distrimution of plasma and various tissues in Korean native cattle was studied. The plasma lactate dehydrogenase activity of Korean native cattle was $554.80{\pm}92.70IU/l$ and the lactate dehydrogenase activity of male plasma was $543.96{\pm}97.89IU/l$, which was lower than that of female plasma, $579.19{\pm}78.09IU/l$. The plasma lactate dehydrogenase activity of calf was $557.31{\pm}110.27IU/l$ and was no significantly different from that of adult Korean native cattle. But the range of calf lactate dehydrogenase activity was larger than that of adult Korean native cattle. In tissues, the lactate dehydrogenase activity was decreased in order of lung, kidney, spleen, liver, heart and skeletal muscle. The lung had the greatest activity and the skeletal muscle had the least. Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in plasma and tissues were found to have a characteristic distribution and quantitative isoenzyme patterns. In plasma, the LDH1 usually had the greatest activity and other isoenzymes showed a decreasing tendency in order of LDH2, LDH3, LDH4 and LDH5. The distribution of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes had a wide variation in tissues. But the distribution of LDH isoenzymes in plasma was similar to that in kidney, and also cardiac muscle and spleen had similar pattern in LDH isoenzymes distribution.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2009

Although Chronic tension-type headache(CTTH) is one of the most common symptom in primary headache, there is no definite mechanisms. But muscular factors and psychological factors is supposed to be related with CTTH according to many other studies and pressure pain threshold(PPT) is used to measure muscular factors. Methods 1. We performed this study with 63 patients fulfilling the International Headache Societ criteria for chronic tension-type headache and 20 healthy control group and measured the PPT of temporal muscle and trapezius muscle. 2. We investigated the correlation between clinical characteristic and PPT. 3. Each of the CTTH groups and Control group is divided to four group again - HNP, Spondylosis, Sprain, Normal according to Cervical spine X-ray. Results 1. The PPT of temporal muscle and trapezius muscle in the CTTH is significantly lower than that of Control. 2. In CTTH group, the PPT has significant positive relation with duration of headache and continued time of headache. And the PPT has significant inverse relation with Frequency of headache and Level of headache. 3. In CTTH group, spondylosis group has the highest PPT and normal group is second. And there are significant difference between spondylosis group and the others. Conclusion : We found that PPT is strongly significant to measure muscular factor in CTTH.