• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.97-107
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• 2017

In this study, the validity and applicability of the multipurpose fishway which has been constructed for the upstream migration of fish at Chuksan river in Uljin is assessed and analyzed by a commercial software. The upper slab types of fishway in this investigation are reinforced concrete slab (S1 type) and reinforced concrete slab with steel plate (S2 type). The three different sizes of subway passage ($0.8m{\times}0.1m$, $0.8m{\times}0.2m$, $0.8 m{\times}0.3m$) and velocities (0.6 m/s, 1.2 m/s, 1.8 m/s) of Chuksan fishway was investigated and compared for the Chuksan in government design code. The analysis showed that the maximum stress and bending moment of S1 type decreased 1~21 % and 12~27 % compared to the Chuksan in government design code, respectively. Also, the maximum stress of and bending moment of S2 type decreased 11~32 % and 27~39 %. From the numerical analysis, it was found that the S2 type was greatly effective and the subway passage size of $0.8m{\times}0.2m$ was most safe. This result can be utilized to be the basic data for design of the Multipurpose fishway.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.450-460
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to compare shear bond strength of composite resin using several dentin bonding agents and light cured glass ionomer cement(Fuji II LC). 40 Bovine primary anterior teeth were used for this experiment. Labial surface of teeth were flattened. It were divided into four groups. Each group was composed of 10 teeth. The material used for this experiment were Scotchbond Multipurpose-Z-100, Allbond 2-Aelitefil, Gluma-Pekalux, light cured glass ionomer cement(Fuji II LC). Each of the materials was applied to the exposed surfaces of 10 teeth by insertion into a cylindrical shaped matrix which is 3mm diameter and 3mm in height. The completed specimens were stored at $37^{\circ}C$ under 100% humidity for 24 hours : the shear bond strength of each material to dentin surface were measured with INSTRON universal testing machine. The results were as follows : 1. Shear bond strength to dentin surface increased in order of light cured glass ionomer cement(Fuji II LC), Gluma, Allbond 2, Scotchbond Multipurpose. 2. Between shear bond strength of light cured glass ionomer cement(Fuji II LC) and Allbond 2, there was statistical significace(p<0.05) 3. Between shear bond strength of light cured glass ionomer cement(Fuji II LC) and Scotchbond Multipurpose, between shear bond strength of Gluma and Scotchbond Multipurpose, there was statistical significance.(p<0.01) The shear bond strength of dentin bonding agents were higher than light cured glass ionomer cement. The reason is that materials and quality of dentin bonding agent were enhanced. Further investigation is necessary to improve shear bond strength of light cured glass ionomer cement.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.1112-1115
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• 2015

Recently, there have been advancements in radar related material technology, circuit design techniques and architecture design techniques. These have led to developments in radars' performance while decreasing the costs. Many studies have been carried out to apply radars to multipurpose application. In this study, a reconfigurable S-/X- band radar structure for multipurpose application is proposed and implemented. This radar measures a $51.2cm{\times}50.6cm$ target for 10 times from 2 m to 6 m range with 0.25 m distance step. The measured results show that this radar has 26.40 cm maximum range error, 5.63 cm average range error, and 0.24 cm range error variance at S-band while it has 8.53 cm maximum range error, 2.52 cm average range error, and 0.04 cm range error variance at X-band.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.67-75
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the flow duration characteristics of Nakdong, Seomjin and Geum river due to environmental change. The water level gauging stations of Nakdong, Seomjin and Geum river were selected to analyze the change of flow duration. The construction period of multipurpose dam was considered to analyze flow duration characteristics. As the result of this study, it show that ninety-five day flow, normal flow, low flow and drought flow were increased by multipurpose dam construction at all stations except a Jukpo gauging station. Especially, improved effect of flow duration in downstream part was bigger than that in upstream and midstream part. The coefficients of river regime of Nakdong, Seomjin and Geum river were decreased and also coefficients of flow duration were decreased after the multipurpose dam construction. However decline of coefficient of flow duration was smaller than coefficient of river regime because coefficient of flow duration is less affected by maximum discharge and minimum discharge than coefficient of river regime, It was confirmed that multipurpose dam on upstream and midstream has a useful effect for improving the flow duration characteristics.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.391-401
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• 2011

Purpose: In the present study, the actual management state of trial contact lenses and lens care products in local optical shops was surveyed and analyzed to reduce the risk of lens complication possibly induced by neglecting lens care. Methods: The feeling of contact lens wearers during the wear of trial contact lenses was surveyed. Futhermore, the actual management state of trial contact lenses such as cosmetic lens and RGP lens and lens care products was also investigated by surveying opticians who trade contact lenses in local optical shops. Results: It was found that consumers trusted the sanitary conditions of the lens since trial cosmetic contact lens and RGP lens were cleaned before and after trails by over 98% of opticians in local optical shops. For trial cosmetic lens, cleaning with normal saline, multipurpose solution for soft lens and combination of saline and multipurpose solution were 38.5%, 40.5% and 21%, respectively, before trials. After trials, cosmetic lenses were cleaned with normal saline, multipurpose solution for soft lens and a combination of saline and multipurpose solution were 13%, 75%, and 12%, respectively. On the other hand, cleaning with normal saline, multipurpose solution for RGP lens and combination of saline and multipurpose solution were 28.5%, 38.5% and 33%, respectively, before trying trial RGP lens. After trials, RGP lenses were cleaned with normal saline, multipurpose solution for RGP lens and a combination of saline and multipurpose solution were 2.5%, 70%, and 27.5%, respectively, indicating that relatively many opticians followed the lens cleaning regimen. In local optical shops, the cleaning trial cosmetic lens was mainly conducted at every 10 days or a month and the washing cycle of cosmetic lens case was in a month or 2~3 months. The cleaning interval of trial RGP lens was primarily in a month or 2~3 months. For those lens cases, more than 75% of opticians washed them with a surfactant and then rinsed with cold water. The storing periods of lens care products were primarily in a week for saline and in a month and 2~3 months indicating that storing period of lens care products was relatively well-kept in local optical shops. Conclusions: It is thought that the concern about any microbial infection is not that high since trial contact lenses and lens care products were generally well-managed by opticians in local optical shops from the results above. However, better public eye health and better public confidence in opticians may be possible if further strengthen in avoidance of lens cleaning with saline, keep of cleaning cycles within 2 weeks and rinsing of lens cases with hot water happens.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1726-1731
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• 2006

Hydraulic and numerical models were applied to design the emergency spillway of ImHa multipurpose Dam. For the numerical model, FLOW-3D was used to evaluate the three-dimensional flow in the spillway. The results of hydraulic model were compared with those of the numerical model which were separated into four zones such as approaching zone, weir zone, transition & tunnel chute zone, and dissipator zone. Moreover, for optimum design of the spillway, the hydraulic and numerical models were performed for the basic plan. Solving the problems of the basic plan, the optimized alternative design was proposed. The numerical models for various conditions of the spillway were performed, which is not always feasible in the hydraulic models. Verified by using the hydraulic models, the optimum alternative design was proposed.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.126-135
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• 1993

Recently, the characteristic of plant production systems in Korea has been changed with the strong trends of integration and large scale, using environmental control techniques. To satisfy this change successfully, first of all, the environmental prediction inside the system must be preceded. While many environmental prediction models for plant production system were developed by many persons, each model cannot be applied to the every situation without the perfect understanding of source codes and the technical modification. The purpose of this study is building the environmental prediction model to predict and evaluate the environment inside the system numerically, and also developing the multipurpose program available for practical design. The model consisted of the basic system model, the cultivation related model and the environmental control related model. The contents of each model are as follows : the basic system model is dealing with thermal and light environments, soil environment and ventilation : the cultivation related model with soil and hydroponic cultures ; and the environmental control related model with thermal curtain and heat exchanging system. The environmental prediction model was developed using a common simulation program, PCSMP, so that it could be easily understood and modified by anyone. Finally, the model was executed and verified through comparison between simulated and measured results for soil culture, and both results showed good agreements.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2006

This thesis has the aim of studying that the problems of space;time, effectiveness of space, economic characters in the architectural space that should be solved in accordance with the multi-purpose furniture in the multi-purpose rooms on the architectural planning method. The scope of this study is on the space of houses, schools and churches. The possibilities of using the methods between the multi-purpose rooms and multi-purpose furniture were tested. And the real furniture designed by the author was introduced among the pages. References, observations and the feedback from the users were used as the method of this study. The following are the contents of this study; 1. Background and the characters of the space in the multi-purpose rooms. 2. Present and potential features of the multi-purpose rooms. 3. Design method of the multi-purpose rooms. 4. Real multi-purpose furnitures designed and the evaluation on those goods. As a result of this study the multi-purpose furniture could be recommended as a good method to improve the spacial enhancement for the multi-purpose rooms. From now on, the researches like this could be studied as good problem seeking methods.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.697-702
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• 2016

Acanthamoeba keratitis has been increasing in recent years. Main risk factors are contact lens wear and their cleaning solutions. Most contact lens wearers use multipurpose disinfecting solutions (MPDS) for cleansing and disinfecting microorganisms because of its convenience. We determined amoebicidal effects of MPDS made in Korea and their cytotoxicity on human corneal epithelium cells. Fifteen commercial MPDS (A to O) were tested for their amoebicidal effects on Acanthamoeba castellanii trophozoites and cysts by using a most probable number (MPN) technique. Among them, 7 kinds of MPDS showed little or no amoebicidal effects for 24 hr exposure. Solutions A, B, G, H, L, and O showed positive amoebicidal effects, and solutions M and N killed almost all trophozoites and cysts after 24 hr exposure. However, 50%-N solution showed 56% cytotoxicity on human corneal epithelial cells within 4 hr exposure, and 50%-O solution also showed 62% cytotoxicity on human cells within 4 hr exposure. Solution A did not show any cytotoxicity on human cells. These results revealed that most MPDS made in Korea were ineffective to kill Acanthamoeba. The solutions having amoebicidal activity also showed high levels of cytotoxicity on human corneal epithelial cells. New formulations for improved MPDS that are amoebicidal but safe for host cells are needed to prevent Acanthamoeba keratitis.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.377-385
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• 2008

Most of the sample surveys conducted by several statistics preparation agencies are multipurpose surveys inquiring into several distinguishing items through a single sample. In a multipurpose sample design, the stratification tends to be very complex since the stratification variables which are both multivariate and heterogeneous must be considered collectively. In this paper we point out an outlier effect in a multivariate stratification to which the K-means clustering method is applied and propose to consider outliers prior to the stratification step. We also show an empirical stratification effect under consideration of outliers through a case study of sample design for The Rural Living Indicators.