• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제32권11호
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• pp.943-950
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• 2008

A novel nondestructive testing (NDT) system, which is able to detect a crack with high speed and high spatial resolution, is urgently required for inspecting small cracks on express train wheels. This paper proposes a high speed scan type magnetic camera, which uses the multiple amplifying circuits and the crack indicating pulse output system. The linearly integrated Hall sensors are arrayed in parallel, and the Hall voltages from each sensor in the scanning direction are obtained and amplified. High-speed NDT can be achieved by using the exclusive analog-digital converter and micro-processor because the ${\partial}\;V_H/\;{\partial}$ x value, which provides the most important crack information, can be obtained by buffering and calculating. The effectiveness of the novel method was verified by examine using cracks on the wheel specimen model.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제21권2E호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2002

This paper suggests the Cardioid beamforming algorithm of the doublet sensors employing DIFAR (directional frequency analysis and recording) sensor signals in the frequency domain. The algorithm enables target bearing estimation using the signals from directional sensors. The algorithm verifies its applicability by successfully estimating bearings of a target projecting ten narrow-band signals in shallow water. The estimated bearings agree very well with those from GPS (global positioning system) data. Assuming the bearings from GPS data to be real values, the estimation errors are analyzed statistically. The histogram of estimation errors in each frequency have Gaussian shape, the mean and standard deviation dropping in the ranges -1.1°∼ 6.7°and 13.3∼43.6°, respectively. Estimation errors are caused by SNR (signal to noise ratio) degradation due to propagation loss between the source and receiver, daily fluctuating geo-magnetic fields, and non-stationary background noises. If multiple DIFAR systems are employed, in addition to bearing, range information could be estimated and finally localization or tracking of a target is possible.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2017

The aerial support air sculptures currently exhibited in indoor spaces are similar to simple ad balloons, using multiple rope strands. Users now want more advanced unfixed sculptures, and hope these will develop into buoyant sculptures that can maintain the attitudes that users want on their own. This study investigated an attitude control system for unfixed levitation sculptures that can levitate with no rope and continuously maintain a certain attitude at a height specified by the user. To facilitate levitation, the exterior part of the sculpture was made of lightweight fibers, and the interior part was filled with helium gas. The controller was composed of a microprocessor of the dsPIC30F line from microchip, gyro, acceleration, and earth magnetic field sensors, and a highly efficient brushless DC (BLDC) electric motor. The attitude and position control system requires scheduling considering the trajectories of the sculpture and the control system, because the roles of the overall components are more important than those of a single controller. Furthermore, the system was designed like a fusion system that is expanded and controlled as a total controller, because it is interconnected with various sensors. The attitude control system of buoyant sculptures was implemented in this study, such that it can actively cope with the position, direction, stopping, and time aspects. The system performance was then evaluated.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.18-26
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• 2012

스마트폰 어플리케이션 수의 증가는 새로운 유저인터페이스에 대한 중요성을 증대시켰으며, 다양한 센서를 융합한 유저인터페이스 개발 연구의 관심을 유도하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 스마트폰에 있는 가속도 센서, 자계 센서, 자이로 센서 정보를 융합하여 사용자 모션 제스처를 인식할 수 있는 새로운 유저인터페이스를 제안한다. 제안 방법은 유합 센서 정보로부터 스마트폰의 3차원 방위 정보를 구하고, HMM(Hidden Markov Model)을 이용하여 손동작 제스처를 인식한다. 특히 제안된 스마트폰의 3차원 방위 좌표계를 구면 좌표계로 변환하는 양자화 방법은 기본 축 회전에 더욱 민감한 인식이 이루어지도록 하였다. 실험을 통하여 제안한 방법이 93%로의 인식률을 보였다.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.82-86
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• 2012

A sensitive eight-channel high-Tc Superconducting Interference Device (SQUID) detection system for magnetic contaminant in a lithium ion battery anode was developed. Finding ultra-small metallic foreign matter is an important issue for a manufacturer because metallic contaminants carry the risk of an internal short. When contamination occurs, the manufacturer of the product suffers a great loss from recalling the tainted product. Metallic particles with outer dimensions smaller than 100 microns cannot be detected using a conventional X-ray imaging system. Therefore, a highly sensitive detection system for small foreign matter is required. We have already developed a detection system based on a single-channel SQUID gradiometer and horizontal magnetization. For practical use, the detection width of the system should be increased to at least 65 mm by employing multiple sensors. In this paper, we present an 8-ch high-Tc SQUID roll-to-roll system for inspecting a lithium-ion battery anode with a width of 65 mm. A special microscopic type of a cryostat was developed upon which eight SQUID gradiometers were mounted. As a result, small iron particles of 35 microns on a real lithium-ion battery anode with a width of 70 mm were successfully detected. This system is practical for the detection of contaminants in a lithium ion battery anode sheet.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.232-239
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• 2008

The position sensors used in a magnetic bearing system are desirable to provide some degree of fault-tolerance as the rotor position is necessary for the feedback control to overcome the open-loop instability. In this paper, we propose an inductive position sensor that can cope with a partial fault in the sensor. The sensor has multiple poles which can be combined to sense the in-plane motion of the rotor. When a high-frequency voltage signal drives each pole of the sensor, the resulting current in the sensor coil contains information regarding the rotor position. The signal processing circuit of the sensor extracts this position information. In this paper, we used the magnetic circuit model of the sensor that shows the analytical relationship between the sensor output and the rotor motion. The multi-polar structure of the sensor makes it possible to introduce redundancy which can be exploited for fault-tolerant operation. The proposed sensor is applied to a magnetically levitated turbo-molecular vacuum pump. Experimental results validate the fault-tolerance algorithm.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.219-228
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• 2013

감시정찰용 영상장비는 표적의 형상을 실시간으로 관측하거나, 표적의 위치를 정밀하게 측정하여 신뢰성 있는 위치정보를 제공하는 장비로서 정보 지식 기반의 현대 무기체계에서 필수적인 장비로 발전하고 있다. 운용 방식도 고정형, 차량형, 복합형 등으로 운용되고 있고, 또한 운용 개념에 따라 다양한 센서들이 여러 형태의 기구 구조로 제작되어 장/탈착이 용이한 분리형 일체형 기구 구조로 형상화된 통합형 형태로 제작되고 있다. 통합형 구조에 사용되는 다양한 센서들의 핵심부품 들은 자성을 띠고 있기 때문에 위치 측정에 사용되는 디지털 나침반에 영향을 준다. 따라서 정확한 기준점 산출에 부정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 이러한 물리적 자성의 영향을 줄이기 위해 차폐제 사용이 제안되었지만, 선호도가 높은 통합형 구조에서는 장비의 무게, 휴대성 때문에 차폐제의 활용이 제약을 받는다. 본 논문에서는 통합형 구조에서 디지털 나침반을 사용할 경우의 정확한 위치측정 알고리즘에 관하여 연구하였다. 구체적으로, 부품의 장착 위치에 따른 선행 모델링을 통해 차폐제를 사용하지 않은 경우의 사례에 대해 연구하였다. 또한 시스템이 PAN & Tilt와 같이 이용된다는 점에도 착안하여, 수동으로 수행하는 기존의 정치 방식을 자동으로 수행할 수 있는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 결과적으로 기존의 방위각 중심의 6지점 정치를 방위각과 고각에 따라 12지점을 측정함으로써 측정 범위는 넓히고, 측정시간은 줄이고, 운용자가 측정 중 발생 할 수 있는 영향성을 최소화 할 수 있는 기법임을 확인하였다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.169-184
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• 2002

In order to extract bearing information from the directional sensors of DIFAR(directional frequency analysis and recording) that is a kind of passive sonobuoy, the cardioid beamforming algorithm applicable to DIFAR system was studied in the frequency domain. the algorithm uses narrow-band signals propagated though the media from the acoustic sources such as ship machineries. The proposed algorithm is expected to give signal to noise ratio of 6dB when it uses the maximum response axis(MRA) among the Cardioid beams. The estimated bearings agree very well with those from GPS data. Assuming the bearings from GPS data to be real values, the estimation errors are analyzed statistically. The histogram of estimation errors in each frequency have Gaussian shape, the mean and standard deviation dropping in the ranges -1.1~$6.7^{\circ}$ and 13.3~$43.6^{\circ}$, respectively. Estimation errors are caused by SMR degradation due to propagation loss between the source and receiver, daily fluctuating geo-magnetic fields, and non-stationary background noises. If multiple DIFAR systems are employed, in addition to bearing, range information could be estimated and finally localization or tracking of a target is possible.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.22-28
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• 2016

Energy consumption rapidly increases with industrial development. therefore an interest in the efficiency of various power converters is increasing. Especially, the field of high-efficiency small motors widely distributed for industrial and family use is considered a very important field in terms of efficient energy usage, and accordingly, in the field of small electric equipment, the use of BLDC that allows high-efficiency drive in an inductor gradually increases. However, for the BLDC drive, information on the position of the rotor is essential. Both methods using a magnetic encoder and an optical encoder to detect the information on the position of the rotor obtain the information by three position sensitive devices, and if any one of these position sensitive devices fails to function, no positional information can be obtained, so there is a limitation in implementing a position sensor with high reliability. In the paper, proposes a new type of encoder that can obtain the positional information on the position of the rotor using a single position sensor in order to overcome the issues that it has to use numerous signal flows and that the reliability is reduced for the acquisition of positional information generated by using multiple position detectors. The encoder in the proposed method replaced the function of generating positional information from multiple sensors with the shape of the encoder plate and the capture function of MICOM. In order to verify the validity of the position detection technique by the proposed encoder, a prototype was produced, and an experiment using the capture function of DSP was conducted through this.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2008년도 춘계종합학술대회 A
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• pp.579-584
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• 2008

고속철도 차륜의 미소결함을 고속 고공간 분해 능으로 측정할 수 있는 새로운 비파괴검사법이 요구되고 있다. 본 연구는 종래의 스캔형 자기카메라를 개선하여, 다중증폭회로와 결함표시를 위한 펄스 발생기를 장착한 신호처리회로를 제안한다. 홀센서를 선형으로 배열하고, 배열의 직각방향으로 차륜이 정속으로 회전하게 하면, 차륜의 답면을 검사할 수 있다. 각각의 홀전압을 증폭하고, AD변환기를 통하여 $\mu$-processor에 의하여 시간에 따른 전압차, 즉 ${\partial}V_H/{\partial}t$를 연산한다. ${\partial}V_H/{\partial}t$가 결함의 존재를 의미하는 비교치보다 클 때 pulse 신호가 발생하여 결함을 지시한다. 휠 시험편을 이용하여 제안된 방법을 검증하였다.