• Title/Summary/Keyword: Multiple comparisons

Search Result 371, Processing Time 0.034 seconds

Improvement of Reliability in the Sensory Evaluation for Home Economics Research (가정학 연구에서 활용되는 관능검사에 대한 신뢰도 평가방법에 관한 연구)

  • 위은하;박정수
    • Korean Journal of Human Ecology
    • /
    • v.3 no.2
    • /
    • pp.90-100
    • /
    • 2000
  • Statistical reliability in the sensory evaluation measures the agreement of judgements for several observers. Kendall's coefficient of concordance for multiple rankings. and coefficient of consistence and coefficient of agreement for paired comparisons are frequently used as the standard reliability measures. The main idea and the computational formula of these coefficients in various situations are explained in detail with some real (cloth designing) examples. Moreover a user-friendly computer program called as MultPair is introduced. We expect that this expository paper and the computer program give a practical help to the researchers who use the sensory evaluation techniques.

  • PDF

The Application of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) (분산분석)

  • Pak, Son-Il;Oh, Tae-Ho
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
    • /
    • v.27 no.1
    • /
    • pp.71-78
    • /
    • 2010
  • Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is a method to analyze the data from the experimental designs comparing two or more groups or treatments at the same time, and is the most effective tool of analyzing more complex data sets with different source of variations. This article describes the logic of ANOVA, the application of the method to the analysis of a simple data set, and the methods available for performing planned or post hoc multiple comparisons between the treatments means. In addition, the common misuse of the techniques is also discussed to emphasize that an inappropriate statistical analysis is potentially far more harmful than poorly conducted research. Lastly, an example is given for illustration purposes.

Comparisons of Multivariate Quality Control Charts by the Use of Various Correlation Structures

  • Choi, Sung-Woon;Lee, Sang-Hoon
    • Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
    • /
    • v.20 no.3
    • /
    • pp.123-146
    • /
    • 1995
  • Several quality control schemes have been extensively compared using multivariate normal data sets simulated with various correlation structures. They include multiple univariate CUSUM charts, multivariate EWMA charts, multivariate CUSUM charts and Shewhart T$^{3}$ chart. This paper considers a new approach of the multivariate EWMA chart, in which the smoothing matrix has full elements instead of only diagonal elements. Performance of the schemes is measured by avaerage run length (ARL), coefficient of variation of run length (CVRL) and rank in order of signaling of off-target shifts in the process mean vector. The schemes are also compared by noncentrality parameter. The multiple univariate CUSUM charts are generally affected by the correlation structure. The multivariate EWMA charts provide better ARL performance. Especially, the new EWMA chart shows remarkable results in small shifts.

  • PDF

Plasticity Model Using Three Orthogonal Stress Components for Concrete in Compression (압축력을 받는 콘크리트에 대한 세 직교 응력 성분을 이용한 소성 모델)

  • Kim Jae-Yo;Park Hong-Gun
    • Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
    • /
    • v.16 no.3 s.81
    • /
    • pp.345-356
    • /
    • 2004
  • A plasticity model was developed to predict the behavioral characteristics of concrete in multiaxial compression. To extend the applicability of the proposed model to concrete in various stress states, a new approach for failure criteria was attempted. A stress was decomposed into one volumetric and two deviatoric components orthogonal to each other. Three failure criteria wire provided independently for each stress component. To satisfy the three failure criteria, the plasticity model using multiple failure criteria was Implemented. Each failure surface was defined by equivalent volumetric or deviatoric plastic strain. To present dilatancy due to compressive damage a non-associative flow nile was proposed. The proposed model was implemented to finite element analysis, and it was verified by comparisons with various existing test results. The comparisons show that the proposed model predicted well most of the experiments by using three independent failure criteria.

Program Theory Evaluation of a Lifestyle Intervention Program for the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome (대사증후군 상태 개선을 위한 생활습관 중재프로그램의 프로그램 이론 평가)

  • Yoo, Seung-Hyun;Kim, Hye-Kyeong
    • Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
    • /
    • v.27 no.4
    • /
    • pp.165-175
    • /
    • 2010
  • Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the program theory of a lifestyle intervention program for the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome. Methods: The program evaluated is a tailored intervention for multiple health behavior associated with metabolic syndrome which is informed by theoretical constructs from the Intervention Mapping and Transtheoretical model. The program components include one-to-one health counseling, a self-management handbook, and a health diary. To evaluate program impact theory we examined the logic of program goals and objectives, intervention methods and strategies, and the theoretical constructs of program materials through document review and matrix building. Results: This evaluation has found that the intervention program applied social cognitive theory constructs to design intervention methods and strategies in addition to the Transtheoretical model: self-monitoring for goal setting and monitoring skill, outcome expectation for the benefits of health behavior change, and interaction with environment for observational learning through modeling. While the intervention addresses multiple determinants and behaviors, it is limited to an individual level and lacks social and environmental approaches. Following the Transtheoretical framework, the contents of the intervention materials were developed utilizing consciousness raising as a main strategy for earlier stages of change, and counterconditioning and stimulus control for later stages of change. Conclusion: Program theory evaluation can be a process of enhancing program validity. It would also be necessary for providing basis for efficient program implementation. When comparisons of program theory between similar programs are possible, program theory and validity will be strengthened when comparisons of program theories between similar programs are possible.

Global Sequence Homology Detection Using Word Conservation Probability

  • Yang, Jae-Seong;Kim, Dae-Kyum;Kim, Jin-Ho;Kim, Sang-Uk
    • Interdisciplinary Bio Central
    • /
    • v.3 no.4
    • /
    • pp.14.1-14.9
    • /
    • 2011
  • Protein homology detection is an important issue in comparative genomics. Because of the exponential growth of sequence databases, fast and efficient homology detection tools are urgently needed. Currently, for homology detection, sequence comparison methods using local alignment such as BLAST are generally used as they give a reasonable measure for sequence similarity. However, these methods have drawbacks in offering overall sequence similarity, especially in dealing with eukaryotic genomes that often contain many insertions and duplications on sequences. Also these methods do not provide the explicit models for speciation, thus it is difficult to interpret their similarity measure into homology detection. Here, we present a novel method based on Word Conservation Score (WCS) to address the current limitations of homology detection. Instead of counting each amino acid, we adopted the concept of 'Word' to compare sequences. WCS measures overall sequence similarity by comparing word contents, which is much faster than BLAST comparisons. Furthermore, evolutionary distance between homologous sequences could be measured by WCS. Therefore, we expect that sequence comparison with WCS is useful for the multiple-species-comparisons of large genomes. In the performance comparisons on protein structural classifications, our method showed a considerable improvement over BLAST. Our method found bigger micro-syntenic blocks which consist of orthologs with conserved gene order. By testing on various datasets, we showed that WCS gives faster and better overall similarity measure compared to BLAST.

Comparative Analysis of Subsurface Estimation Ability and Applicability Based on Various Geostatistical Model (다양한 지구통계기법의 지하매질 예측능 및 적용성 비교연구)

  • Ahn, Jeongwoo;Jeong, Jina;Park, Eungyu
    • Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
    • /
    • v.19 no.4
    • /
    • pp.31-44
    • /
    • 2014
  • In the present study, a few of recently developed geostatistical models are comparatively studied. The models are two-point statistics based sequential indicator simulation (SISIM) and generalized coupled Markov chain (GCMC), multi-point statistics single normal equation simulation (SNESIM), and object based model of FLUVSIM (fluvial simulation) that predicts structures of target object from the provided geometric information. Out of the models, SNESIM and FLUVSIM require additional information other than conditioning data such as training map and geometry, respectively, which generally claim demanding additional resources. For the comparative studies, three-dimensional fluvial reservoir model is developed considering the genetic information and the samples, as input data for the models, are acquired by mimicking realistic sampling (i.e. random sampling). For SNESIM and FLUVSIM, additional training map and the geometry data are synthesized based on the same information used for the objective model. For the comparisons of the predictabilities of the models, two different measures are employed. In the first measure, the ensemble probability maps of the models are developed from multiple realizations, which are compared in depth to the objective model. In the second measure, the developed realizations are converted to hydrogeologic properties and the groundwater flow simulation results are compared to that of the objective model. From the comparisons, it is found that the predictability of GCMC outperforms the other models in terms of the first measure. On the other hand, in terms of the second measure, the both predictabilities of GCMC and SNESIM are outstanding out of the considered models. The excellences of GCMC model in the comparisons may attribute to the incorporations of directional non-stationarity and the non-linear prediction structure. From the results, it is concluded that the various geostatistical models need to be comprehensively considered and comparatively analyzed for appropriate characterizations.

Wives and Husbands' Perceptions of the Fairness in the Division of Household Labor (맞벌이부부의 가사노동공평성 인지와 그 영향요인에 관한 연구)

  • 기은광;이기영
    • Journal of Families and Better Life
    • /
    • v.21 no.5
    • /
    • pp.61-75
    • /
    • 2003
  • The goals of this study were threefold. First, the researcher sought to describe the perceptions of wives and husbands concerning the degree of fairness in the division of household labor. Second, the determinants of wives and husbands' perception of the fairness in the division of household labor were analyzed. Third, the factors that affect wives' perception of the fairness in the division of household labor were compared with the factors that affect husbands' perception of the fairness. The data of this study were collected from a survey of 139 married couples with children of high school age or younger, residing in Seoul, Inchon, and Kyunggido. A structured questionnaire was used in the survey. Frequencies, percentiles, mean, Peason's correlations, Cronbach's alpha, t-tests, and multiple regressions were used to analyze the data. The results show that both the wives and the husbands perceived the division of household labor as unfair for the wives. Further, husbands' gender-role attitudes and household labor preference affected wives and husbands' perception. Most comparison reference variables affected significantly the wives and husbands' perception. Lastly, there was a gender difference in the significance of comparison reference variables and demographic variables. The wives mainly employed within-marriage comparisons but the husbands mostly used outside-marriage comparisons. The demographic variables affected the wives' perception, but not the husband's.

Building a Sentential Model for Automatic Prosody Evaluation

  • Yoon, Kyu-Chul
    • Phonetics and Speech Sciences
    • /
    • v.1 no.4
    • /
    • pp.47-59
    • /
    • 2009
  • The purpose of this paper is to propose an automatic evaluation technique for the prosodic aspect of an English sentence uttered by Korean speakers learning English. The underlying hypothesis is that the consistency of the manual prosody scoring is reflected in an imaginary space of prosody evaluation model constructed out of the three physical properties of the prosody considered in this paper, namely: the fundamental frequency (F0) contour, the intensity contour, and the segmental durations. The evaluation proceeds first by building a prosody evaluation model for the sentence. For the creation of the model, utterances from native speakers of English and Korean learners for the target sentence are manually scored by either native teachers of English or Korean phoneticians in terms of their prosody. Multiple native utterances from the manual scoring are selected as the "model" native utterances against which all the other Korean learners' utterances as well as the model utterances themselves can be semi-automatically evaluated by comparison in terms of the three prosodic aspects [7]. Each learner utterance, when compared to the multiple model native utterances, produces multiple coordinates in a three-dimensional space of prosody evaluation, each axis of which corresponds to the three prosodic aspects. The 3D coordinates from all the comparisons form a prosody evaluation model for the particular sentence and the associated manual scores can display regions of particular scores. The model can then be used as a predictive model against which other Korean utterances of the target sentence can be evaluated. The model from a Korean phonetician appears to support the hypothesis.

  • PDF

GoBean: a Java GUI application for visual exploration of GO term enrichments

  • Lee, Sang-Hyuk;Cha, Ji-Young;Kim, Hyeon-Jin;Yu, Ung-Sik
    • BMB Reports
    • /
    • v.45 no.2
    • /
    • pp.120-125
    • /
    • 2012
  • We have developed a biologist-friendly, Java GUI application (GoBean) for GO term enrichment analysis. It was designed to be a comprehensive and flexible GUI tool for GO term enrichment analysis, combining the merits of other programs and incorporating extensive graphic exploration of enrichment results. An intuitive user interface with multiple panels allows for extensive visual scrutiny of analysis results. The program includes many essential and useful features, such as enrichment analysis algorithms, multiple test correction methods, and versatile filtering of enriched GO terms for more focused analyses. A unique graphic interface reflecting the GO tree structure was devised to facilitate comparisons of multiple GO analysis results, which can provide valuable insights for biological interpretation. Additional features to enhance user convenience include built in ID conversion, evidence code-based gene-GO association filtering, set operations of gene lists and enriched GO terms, and user -provided data files. It is available at http://neon.gachon.ac.kr/GoBean/.