• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.137-142
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• 2005

CDMA scheme has received a great deal of attenttion as a multiple-access method for future mobile networks. Its main advantage: are higher radio capacity and the capacity of flexible data tranmission. And CDMA scheme is a key technology in the proposals submitted to the ITU on next generation multimedia system with integrated services, namely real-time voice services and non real-time data services. In this paper, capacity evaluation of multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) Multi-Carrier(MC)/CDMA system is considered to mitigate multiple access interference, partial-band interference and enhance system channel capacity in wireless channel. Recently, to increase the spectrum efficiency and the link reliability, MIMO-MC/CDMA scheme is devised to exploit multi-path in a scattering wireless channel. In particular, the channel capacity of MIMO-MC/CDMA system is evaluated according to Eb/No. Mc, p and B. From the results, in order to inappropriate spacing and the signals are frequency overlapped by partial band interference, the channel capacity of MIMO-MC/CDMA system becomes substantially smaller.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.67-72
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• 2020

The fifth generation (5G) mobile communication has an impact on the human life over the whole world, nowadays, through the artificial intelligence (AI) and the internet of things (IoT). The low latency of the 5G new radio (NR) access is implemented by the state-of-the art technologies, such as non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). This paper investigates a practical issue that in NOMA, for the practical channel models, such as fading channel environments, the successive interference cancellation (SIC) should be performed on the stronger channel users with low power allocation. Only if the SIC is performed on the user with the stronger channel gain, NOMA performs better than orthogonal multiple access (OMA). Otherwise, NOMA performs worse than OMA. Such the superiority requirement can be easily implemented for the channel being static or slow varying, compared to the block interval time. However, most mobile channels experience fading. And symbol by symbol channel estimations and in turn each symbol time, selections of the SIC-performing user look infeasible in the practical environments. Then practically the block of symbols uses the single channel estimation, which is obtained by the training sequence at the head of the block. In this case, not all the symbol times the SIC is performed on the stronger channel user. Sometimes, we do perform the SIC on the weaker channel user; such cases, NOMA performs worse than OMA. Thus, we can say that by what percent NOMA is better than OMA. This paper calculates analytically the percentage by which NOMA performs better than OMA in the practical mobile communication systems. We show analytically that the percentage for NOMA being better than OMA is only the function of the ratio of the stronger channel gain variance to weaker. In result, not always, but almost time, NOMA could perform better than OMA.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Simulation Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.134-134
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• 2001

이동통신 망을 통한 멀티미디어 통신의 수요 급증으로, 차세대 이동통신 시스템에서는 패킷 교환에 기초한 망 구조가 사용될 것으로 예측된다. VOD(Voice Activity Detector)를 갖는 음성 단말은 데이터를 발생시키는 talk spurt(평균이 t$_1$인 지수분포를 따름)와 데이터를 발생시키지 않는 silence period(평균이 t$_2$인 지수분포를 따름)의 두가지 상태를 갖는 마코프 체인으로 모델링된다. Goodman at. al.은 음성 단말들이 talk spurt동안만 데이터를 전송하게 함으로써 더 많은 가입자들을 수용할 수 있는 PRMA(Packet Reservation Multiple Access) 기법을 제안되었다. PRMA 방식에서는 시간 축이 슬롯들로 구성되며 여러개의 슬롯들로 프레임이 형성된다. Silence period 상태에 있던 음성 단말은 talk spurt 상태가 되면 talk spurt의 첫 번째 데이터를 하나의 슬롯을 통해 전송하게 된다. 이때 단말들은 각 슬롯에서 데이터를 전송할 수 있는 확률을 나타내는 채널 접근 확률(channel access probability)에 의해 데이터를 전송하게 되며 전송에 성공하면 슬롯을 예약함으로서 다음 프레임부터는 동일한 위치의 슬롯을 통해 데이터들을 전송하게 된다. DS/CDMA(Direct Sequence/code Division Multiple Access)는 이동통신 단말의 수용 용량상의 이점, 소프트 핸드오버 능력, 보다 용이하게 셀 계획을 세울 수 있는 점 등에 의해 차세대 이동통신 망에서 채택될 예정이다. CDMA 시스템은 간섭(interference)에 의해 용량이 제한을 받게 되며, MAI(Multiple Access Interference)가 시스템의 성능에 많은 영향을 미치게 된다. Brand, et. al.은 간섭의 분산을 줄이기 위해 PRMA 개념을 DS/CDMA 환경으로 확장한 Joint CDMA/PRMA 프로토콜을 제안하였다. 이때 각 슬롯에서의 데이터 전송확률을 그 슬롯에서 예약상태에 있는 음성 단말의 수에 의존하게 하는 방식을 사용하였으며 데이터 전송확률을 나타내는 채널 접근 확률들을 시뮬레이션을 통해 유도하였다. 한편 음성 단말에게는 실시간 서비스를 제공해 주어야 하는 대신 데이터 단말에게는 실시간 서비스를 제공해 주지 않아도 되므로, 트래픽이 많을 때에는 음성 단말의 데이터 전송에 우선권을 주는 것이 바람직하다. 이를 위해서 Brand, et. al.은 채널 접근 확률을 각 슬롯의 트래픽 상태에 따라 적응적으로 산출하는 기법을 제안하였다. 본 연구에서는 Joint CDMA/PRMA의 성능이 채널 접근 함수의 효율성에 많이 의존하게 되므로 보다 효율적인 채널 접근 확률을 구하는 방법을 제안한다. 즉 채널 액세스 확률을 각 슬롯에서 예약상태에 있는 음성 단말의 수뿐만 아니라 각 슬롯에서 예약을 하려고 하는 단말의 수에 기초하여 산출하는 방법을 제안하고 이의 성능을 분석하였다. 시뮬레이션에 의해 새로 제안된 채널 허용 확률을 산출하는 방식의 성능을 비교한 결과 기존에 제안된 방법들보다 상당한 성능의 향상을 볼 수 있었다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.5C
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• pp.527-539
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose an asynchonous ICI (Inter-Cell Interference) mitigation techniques for 3GPP LTE MIMO-OFDMA down-link receiver. An increasing in symbol timing misalignments may occur relative to sychronous network as the result of BS (Base Station) timing differences. Such symbol synchronization errors that exceed the guard interval or the cyclic prefix duration may result in MAI (Multiple Access Interference) for other carriers. In particular, at the cell boundary, this MAI becomes a critical factor, leading to degraded channel throughput and severe asynchronous ICI. Hence, many researchers have investigated the interference mitigation method in the presence of asynchronous ICI and it appears that the knowledge of the SCM (Spatial Covariance Matrix) of the asynchronous ICI plus background noise is an important issue. Generally, it is assumed that the SCM estimated by using training symbols. However, it is difficult to measure the interference statistics for a long time and training symbol is also not appropriate for MIMO-OFDMA system such as LTE. Therefore, a noise reduction method is required to improve the estimation accuracy. Although the conventional time-domain low-pass type weighting method can be effective for noise reduction, it causes significant estimation error due to the spectral leakage in practical OFDM system. Therefore, we propose a time-domain sinc type weighing method which can not only reduce the noise effectively minimizing estimation error caused by the spectral leakage but also implement frequency-domain moving average filter easily. By using computer simulation, we show that the proposed method can provide up to 3dB SIR gain compared with the conventional method.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.6A
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• pp.568-576
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• 2011

In this paper, a channel assignment technique to mitigate interferences due to ISI(Inter Symbol Interference) and ICI(Inter Carrier Interference) caused by TDoA(Time Difference of Arrival) among distributed MRs(Mesh Routers) in OFDMA(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access)-based WMN(Wireless Mesh Network) is proposed. The SINR(Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio) associated with the channel assignment for each MR is defined to minimize the effect of ISI and ICI due to TDoA in WMN, which is then used to propose an channel assignment technique considering fairness constraint. It is verified by computer simulation that the proposed channel assignment technique can improve the performance of BER(Bit Error Rate) in WMNs with compared to the conventional technique.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.7A
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• pp.693-701
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• 2008

In OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) system that frequency reuse factor is 1, as the same channels in the neighborhood cells creates inter-cell co-channel interference which provides a resource underutilization problem, channel allocation schemes to minimize inter-cell interference have been studied. This paper proposes a new CNIR (Carrier to Noise and Interference Ratio)-based distributed Inter-cell DCA (Dynamic Channel Allocation) algorithm in the OFDMA environment with frequency reuse factor of 1. When a channel allocation is requested, if there is not a free channel in home cell or the available free channels in home cell do not satisfy a required threshold value, the proposed Inter-cell DCA algorithm finds CNIR values of available free channels in the neighborhood cells and then allocates a free channel with maximum CNIR value. Through the simulation results, we find that the proposed scheme decreases both new call block rate and forced termination rate due to new call generation at the same time because it increases channel allocation probability.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.25 no.8B
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• pp.1371-1382
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• 2000

IMT-2000 system is the third generation mobile communication system which aims at mobile multimedia services with global roaming. Like 2nd generation system, the IMT-2000 system is also under strong influence of interferences among active subscribers in the multiple access environment. That is, in multiple access environment, signals from one subscriber could interfere with others in the same cell or in the neighboring cells. The interference control in the IMT-2000 systems is much more difficult then the interference control in the 2ndgeneration CDMA cellular systems, since the transmitted power of a subcriber might be different that of others in the IMT-2000 system. In this paper, a parallel interference cancellation with traffic discrimination is proposed which can effectively cancel interferences by grouping the subscribers into several equi-power classes. As a conclusion, simulation results show that the proposed method outperforms the conventional partial PIC scheme in several aspects.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.1A
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• pp.125-133
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• 2007

In this paper, the frequency sharing issue between cellular time division duplex-orthogonal frequency division multiple access (TDD-OFDMA) Systems and terrestrial Fixed Systems has been studied. The conventional advanced minimum coupling loss (A-MCL) includes only the formulation to calculate the interference from one interfering system. Therefore, A-MCL must be modified to assess the aggregated interference from base stations(BS) and mobile stations(MS). By applying the modified model, the coexistence analysis are done according to the average number of MS per sector, BS-to-BS distance, and the main beam direction of the terrestrial fixed system. In the case of 20 MS per sector, the BS-to-BS distance and the minimum distance between a terrestrial fixed system and BS are 5.8 km and 2.5 km, respectively. It is about 25dB that the difference between maximum and minimum interference signal power which varies with the main beam direction of the terrestrial fixed system. Moreover, for 40% of the main beam direction of the terrestrial fixed system, interference signal power is less than the maximum permissible interference.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.237-245
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• 2007

In this paper, a modified PCF (Point Coordination Function) MAC (Medium Access Control) Protocol is proposed to support the multiple direct link communication between STAs (STAtions) in infrastructure mode IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs. By the proposed MAC protocol, the direct link communication between STAs, which are located within the communication range of each other, is allowed without the use of AP (Access Point) as a relay. Moreover, when multiple direct data communication between STAs can be simultaneously performed with a sufficiently small interference, multiple simultaneous direct link communication is allowed for the efficient use of radio bandwidth. AP polls STAs to grant the transmission opportunities using the direct link communication by transmitting the polling frames to STAs. An efficient polling method for granting the transmission opportunities to STAs is proposed to reduce the number of the polling frame transmissions and enhance the PCF MAC performance.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.117-124
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• 2011

In this paper, we present more effective throughput enhancement technique to improve the data rate and reliability by using the multiple antenna technique. The conventional spatial diversity scheme is limited in according with the interference from each antenna channel status, and the orthogonality of spreading codes and subcarriers are destroyed due to the frequency selectivity. Proposed system is considered MC-CDMA system with 4 transmit antennas and 1 receive antenna. Proposed system based on SVD with the MS-RLS MMSE subcarrier combining method in order to achieve better performance with low computational complexity. Via computer simulation, we confirm that the proposed system is able to improve the BER performance by suppressing the interference of other antenna signals.