• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.291-300
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• 2004

The purposes of this study were to research the clothing shopping orientations and the utilizations of information sources according to values of male consumer aged between the 20's and the 30's. The data were analyzed by factor analysis, one-way ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test, x2- test, Pearson's correlation. The results of the study were as follows: 1. Male consumer's values were classified into 2 factors, and consisted of three groups. 2. There were significant differences among groups according to demographics variables. 3. Clothing shopping orientations were classified into 6 factors and information sources were classified into 3 factors. 4. There were relationships between male consumer's values, clothing shopping orientation, and utilization of information sources.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.77-86
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• 1999

This study was designed to identify the information sources of reference used by male college students. Theoretical framework is based upon social comparison theory, reference group theory, and Kotler's model of personal and non-personal sources of reference. The subjects were 287 male college students. The questionnaire were distributed to the school area and the commercial area such as Shinchon, Myung-Dong, and Apkujung-Dong in Seoul. Means, standard deviation, frequency, T-test, one-way ANOVA, and Duncan's multiple range test were applied for the analyses of data. The result of hyporthesis 1 showed that male college student utilize personal and non-personal sources of reference indiscriminately. The result of hypothesis 2 showed that male college students consult the socially high-proximal group such as a girl friend(a lover) and mother most actively. The result of hypothesis 3 found that male college students use position media most actively, especially in-store displays, followed by print media and broadcast media.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.91-97
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• 1996

We have all heard sounds that did not sound "right" while riding in an automobile. Objectionable sounds are difficult to find and understand because the sound field is complex and dynamic in the near field of an automobile. Many different noise sources and transmission paths must be understood before an engineering change can be recommended. This paper reviews the fundamental characterization of sound and chscusses the Sound Intensity measurement technique. Sound intensity measurements locate sources and sinks of acoustic energy. Used with narrowband analysis equipment, acoustic noise sources can be identified. Sound intensity measurements are made -in-situ and do not require specmi anechoic facilities. The measurement results in a vector representation of the near field sound field and can discriminate between multiple sound sources.d sources.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.89-98
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• 2022

Purpose: Increasing competition in the higher education sector has prompted universities to enhance their marketing efforts and understand their potential customers. The study aims to explore how information sources are used and changed among prospective Vietnamese students during the decision-making process. Research Design, Data, and Methodology: This study undertakes a longitudinal study involving multiple rounds of data collection to better understand the decision-making process of prospective students. Data was collected from 12th -grade students in Vietnam through two rounds of quantitative surveys with 251 students and one round of qualitative interviews, spanning the duration of their senior year. The three stages of the decision-making process correspond to the three stages of pre-purchase period. Results: Most students decide that attending open days, taking career assessments, and looking up information online are the most important information sources to consider. The WOM sources are more important in the early stages, while university-generated sources and events are important in the later stages. Conclusion: Implications from this study may contribute to the design of more effective marketing communications campaigns as university marketers gain a better understanding of the distribution of information sources utilized for each specific stage of the decision-making process.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.293-304
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between materialism and conspicuous consumption, and information sources. Data were administered to 357 women living in Sunchon from June to July 1999. For analysis of the data, factor analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, duncan's multiple range test, and multiple regression analysis were employed. The results of this study were summarized as follows. 1) Materialism was shown to have the significant differences according to age, marriage, education, occupation, social stratification groups. The higher the education, occupational status, social stratification groups and the lower the age is, or unmarried, the higher is materialism. The use of information sources were shown to have the significant differences according to age, marriage, education, occupation, income, social stratification groups. The higher the education, income, social stratification groups. The higher the education, income, occupational status, social stratification groups and the lower the age is, or unmarried, the higher is use of information. 2) Materialism was shown to have the significant differences according to the groups of conspicuous consumption. The higher conspicuous consumption is, the higher is materialism. The use of information were shown to have the significant differences according to groups of conspicuous consumption. The higher conspicuous consumption is, the higher is use of information. 3) The use of information were shown to have the significant differences according to materialism. The higher materialism is, the higher is use of information. 4) According to the results of the regression analysis examining the relative influences of variables affecting information, the relative importance of the variables are in order of ; happiness-pursuable materialism, conspicuous consumption and their explanatory power totalled 18.6%.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.2272-2283
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• 2016

This paper proposes a power conditioning system (PCS) for distributed photovoltaic (PV) applications using an asymmetric cascaded multilevel inverter with a single PV source. One of the main disadvantages of the cascaded multilevel inverters in PV systems is the requirement of multiple isolated DC sources. Using multiple PV strings leads to a compromise in either the voltage balance of individual H-bridge cells or the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) operation due to localized variations in atmospheric conditions. The proposed PCS uses a single PV source with a flyback DC-DC converter to facilitate a reduction of the required DC sources and to maintain the voltage balance during MPPT operation. The flyback converter is used to provide input for low-voltage H-bridge cells which processes only 20% of the total power. This helps to minimize the losses occurring in the proposed PCS. Furthermore, transient analyses and controller design for the proposed PCS in both the stand-alone mode and the grid-connection mode are presented. The feasibility of the proposed PCS and its control scheme have been tested using a 1kW hardware prototype and the obtained results are presented.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.777-783
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• 2022

Even though several deep learning-based methods have been applied in the field of acoustic source localization, the previous works have only been conducted using the two-dimensional representation of the beamforming maps, particularly with the planar array system. While the acoustic sources are more required to be localized in a spherical microphone array system considering that we live and hear in the 3D world, the conventional 2D equirectangular map of the spherical beamforming map is highly vulnerable to the distortion that occurs when the 3D map is projected to the 2D space. In this study, a 3D deep learning approach is proposed to fulfill accurate source localization via distortion-free 3D representation. A target function is first proposed to obtain 3D source distribution maps that can represent multiple sources' positional and strength information. While the proposed target map expands the source localization task into a point-wise prediction task, a PointNet-based deep neural network is developed to precisely estimate the multiple sources' positions and strength information. While the proposed model's localization performance is evaluated, it is shown that the proposed method can achieve improved localization results from both quantitative and qualitative perspectives.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.164-169
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• 2005

Microphone array techniques are being used widely in wind tunnel measurements for identification of the distributed aerodynamic noise sources on the model being tested. Depending on the frequencies and sound levels, conventional beamforming algorithm has limitation in separating two adjacent sources. Several modifications to the classical beamforming have been developed to enhance way resolution and reduce sidelobe levels. In this Paper the robust adaptive beamforming and the CLEAN algorithm are used to compare to the result of conventional beamforming method. It is found that the CLEAN algorithm is capable of pin-pointing locations of multiple sources nearby, while these sources are unidentifiable with robust adaptive or conventional beamforming techniques.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1069-1077
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• 2009

For external noise prediction of railway vehicles, sophisticated individual source modelling as well as appropriate noise propagation model from the sources is necessary to ensure the accuracy of the predicted results and contributions of each equipment to the overall noise levels. Accurate and reasonable identification procedures of sound sources of equipment including source strength, directivity and positions installed in the train play an important role in a prediction model, since it is not easy to establish a simple model for the sources with a single rule due to the complexity of source characteristics of equipment in size and directivity pattern. This paper guidelines practical considerations for identification of noise sources in railway vehicles including typical source characteristics of several sub-systems that emits noise to the environment, particularly for electric multiple unit(EMU), and verify effectiveness of assumptions used in the modelling of equipment by measurement with a simple part. The predicted external noise level of a complete train using Exnoise, which was developed by Hyundai-Rotem and has been verified in the a lot of field-tests, incorporating source modelling considered in this paper shows close correlation with the measured ones.

• KIEE International Transactions on Electrophysics and Applications
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• v.3C no.1
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• pp.5-9
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• 2003

The waveforms of partial discharges (PDs) imply physical and structural properties of PD sources, so analyzing them give us information on the kind of PD sources and the location. Waveforms of PD as a time series function have variable amplitudes but sustain a certain uniform shape, which shows well the characteristics of the waveforms and frequency region. They can also be used as parameters having time and frequency information of PD signals and applied to classification of multiple PDs sources via Artificial Neural Network with back propagation (BP) learning.