• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.21-36
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• 2007

The main purpose of the current research was to induce the importance of manners through the relationship between the level of transformational leadership in the family and the degree of job satisfaction in workers. It also examined positive variants that can enhance the degree of job satisfaction. The data from 250 questionnaires were used for the final analysis. The main results of the present study are as follows: First, the level of transformational leadership in the family tended to be relatively low, although it was good at the intellectual stimulus leadership among the sub-dimension of the "Family Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire." Moreover, communication, status, and education level turned out to be most influential background variables. Secondly, the score for job satisfaction that is recognized by the workers appeared to be less than average. It seemed that relative comparison in the level of life, communication and education level were the most influential variables. Indeed, the result of stepwise regression analysis showed that transformational leadership made a comparatively high contribution to job satisfaction. Therefore, it is important to keep in mind that a worker's leadership development is a main source of maintaining job satisfaction.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제45권9호통권460호
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• pp.562-570
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• 2007

Many dentists and patients expect that implant function and esthetics will not change over time. However, even the most successful implant restorations with ideal position, vertical height, and occlusion can be aesthetically pleasing, but may hide a common problem. Many dentists noticed that there can be some circumferential bone loss around the neck of the implants. To circumvent this bone loss, a "platform switching" concept was introduced recently. The basic concept of platform switching is by moving the fixture-abutment interface further away from the crestal bone to minimize crestal bone loss. Since crestal bone loss is a multifactor problem, it is important to consider microgap formation and micromotion between the implant and abutment because platform switching does not solve the problem on its own. In this article, we reviewed studies concerning platform switching and discussed the clinical application and the problems that may occur with its use.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.277-287
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• 2013

광범위 유전자 관련 연구에서는 유전자-유전자 상호작용을 규명하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 최근 유전자-유전자 상호작용을 규명하는데에 대한 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 그 중 하나로 더미 다중인자 차원축소법이다. 이 연구의 목적은 모의실험을 통해 유전자-유전자 상호작용 파악하기 위한 더미 다중인자 차원축소의 검증력을 평가하는 것이다. 또한 이 방법을 적용하여 한우모집단에서 경제형질을 위한 단일 염기 다형성의 상호작용 효과를 확인하였다.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.555-563
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was aimed at examining the relationships of transformational and transactional leaderships that nurse managers demonstrate to creative activity that nurses excercise at caring for patients. Method: Using 11 items of the Creative Nursing Practice Index and 18 items of Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire Form, a descriptive study was conducted with a sample of 425 nurses working more than six months at nursingcare units in a university hospital of Korea. Data were analyzed, using independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis methods. Result: Creative activity had positive relationships to transformational leadership and transactional leadership(p<.01). The factor influencing on creative activity was not transactional leadership(p>.05), but transformational leadership(10.7%, p<.001). Intellectual stimulation accounted for 9.7% of information building-activity and 1.1% of idea creating & communicating idea. About 5.8% of the variance in idea validating-activity was explained by inspirational motivation, and 1.2% by contingent reward. Conclusion: For support for nurses' creative activity at work, leadership training programs would be needed to build up nurse manager's transformational leadership.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.579-586
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• 2009

통계모형의 상호작용 효과를 분석하기위해 비모수적인 방법인 다중인자 차원 축소(MDR)방법을 사용해 왔다. MDR 방법은 사례-대조 데이터에만 적용 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 Regression tree 알고리즘과 더미 변수를 활용한 회귀분석 알고리즘을 사용하여 다중 범주를 High 범주와 Low범주로 분류함으로써, MDR방법에서 연속형 데이터에 적용 할 수 없는 문제를 해결하는 방법으로 제시된 Expanded MDR방법과 Dummy MDR방법을 한우의 주요 경제형질(longissimus muscle dorsi area: LMA, carcass cold weight: CWT, average daily gain: ADG)데이터에 적용하여 한우의 경제형질에 영향을 주는 주요 SNPs 마커를 규명하고, Permutation test를 통해 그 결과를 비교한다.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.17.1-17.11
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• 2022

Genetic associations have been quantified using a number of statistical measures. Entropy-based mutual information may be one of the more direct ways of estimating the association, in the sense that it does not depend on the parametrization. For this purpose, both the entropy and conditional entropy of the phenotype distribution should be obtained. Quantitative traits, however, do not usually allow an exact evaluation of entropy. The estimation of entropy needs a probability density function, which can be approximated by kernel density estimation. We have investigated the proper sequence of procedures for combining the kernel density estimation and entropy estimation with a probability density function in order to calculate mutual information. Genotypes and their interactions were constructed to set the conditions for conditional entropy. Extensive simulation data created using three types of generating functions were analyzed using two different kernels as well as two types of multifactor dimensionality reduction and another probability density approximation method called m-spacing. The statistical power in terms of correct detection rates was compared. Using kernels was found to be most useful when the trait distributions were more complex than simple normal or gamma distributions. A full-scale genomic dataset was explored to identify associations using the 2-h oral glucose tolerance test results and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase levels as phenotypes. Clearly distinguishable single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and interacting SNP pairs associated with these phenotypes were found and listed with empirical p-values.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of the VKOSPI index on short-term stock returns after a large-scale stock price shock of individual stocks of firms in the distribution industry in Korea. Research design, data, and methodology: This study investigates the effect of the change of the VKOSPI index or investor mood on abnormal returns after the event date from January 2004 to July 2022. The significance of the abnormal return, which is obtained by subtracting the rate of return estimated by the market model from the rate of actual return on each trading day after the event date, is determined based on T-test and multifactor regression analysis. Results: In Korea's distribution industry, the simultaneous occurrence of a bad investor mood and a large stock price decline, leads to stock price reversals. Conversely, the simultaneous occurrence of a good investor mood and a large-scale stock price rise leads to stock price drifts. We found that the VKOSPI index has strong explanatory power for these reversals and drifts even after considering both company-specific and event-specific factors. Conclusions: In Korea's distribution industry-related stock market, investors show an asymmetrical behavioral characteristic of overreacting to negative moods and underreacting to positive moods.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2022

Purpose: This study used ESG grade, but defined AESG, adjusted to the size of a company and examines whether it can be used as an investment strategy. Research design, data and methodology: The analysis sample in this study is a company that has given an ESG rating among companies listed on the Korea Stock Exchange. We examine the results through portfolio analysis and Fama-macbeth regression analysis. Results: As result of examining the long-only performance and the long-short performance by constructing quintile portfolios, it was observed that a significant positive return was shown. It was observed that there was an alpha that could not be explained in asset pricing models. Also, AESG had a return prediction effect in the result of a Fama-Macbeth regression that controlled corporate characteristic variables in individual stocks. Next, we confirmed AESG's usage through various portfolio composition. In the portfolio optimization, the Risk Efficient method was the most superior in terms of sharpe ratio and the construct multi-factor model with Value, Momentum and Low Vol showed statistically significant performance improvement. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that it can be helpful in ESG investment to reflect the ESG rating of relatively small companies more through the scale adjustment of the ESG rating (i.e.AESG).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.1525-1528
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to detect SNPs that were responsible for a carcass trait in Hanwoo populations. A non-parametric model applying a restricted partition method (RPM) was used, which exploited a partitioning algorithm considering statistical criteria for multiple comparison testing. Phenotypic and genotypic data were obtained from the Hanwoo Improvement Center, National Agricultural Cooperation Federation, Korea, in which the pedigree structure comprised 229 steers from 16 paternal half-sib proven sires that were born in Namwon or Daegwanryong livestock testing station between spring of 2002 and fall of 2003. A carcass trait, longissimus dorsi muscle area for each steer was measured after slaughter at approximately 722 days. Three SNPs (19_1, 18_4 and 28_2) near the microsatellite marker ILSTS035 on BTA6, around which the quantitative trait loci (QTL) for meat quality were previously detected, were used in this study. The RPM analyses resulted in two significant interaction effects between SNPs (19_1 and 18_4) and (19_1 and 28_2) at ${\alpha}$ = 0.05 level. However, under a general linear (parametric) model no interaction effect between any pair of the three SNPs was detected, while only one main effect for SNP19_1 was found for the trait. Also, under another non-parametric model using a multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) method, only one interaction effect of the two SNPs (19_1 and 28_2) explained the trait significantly better than the parametric model with the main effect of SNP19_1. Our results suggest that RPM is a good alternative to model choices that can find associations of the interaction effects of multiple SNPs for quantitative traits in livestock species.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.145-163
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• 2001

The purpose of this research is to identify antecedent variables and outcome variables of the empowerment in clinical nurses, and to suggest managerial strategies for increasing their empowerment. Data were collected from October 12 to 18, 2000 through questionnarie taken by 566 nurses in 3 general hospitals. The 5 structured instruments were used for collecting the data : Spreitzer's Items Measuring Empowerment, Bass's Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire-1, Moorman's Equity of rewards scale, Mobley's turnover intention scale, and the Organizational Commitment Scale developed by Mowday, Porter & Steers. The data obtained were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe' test, Pearson's Correlation Coefficients, Factor Analysis, Cronbach's alpha Coefficients, Multiple Regression. The results were as follows; 1. Head nurse's transformational leadership showed an positive correlation with empowerment(r=.304, p=.00). Regression coefficient between transformational leadership and empowerment was significant(${\beta}=.326$, p=.00), However, there was no a correlation between equity of rewards and empowerment. 2. The general characteristics of nurses were significant differences with empowerment. As for position, age, working experience, and education background showed significant difference with empowerment(F=10.979, 11.224, 6.812, 5.411, p<.01). 3. Empowerment showed a positive correlation with organizational commitment and a negative correlation with turnover intention (r=.387, -.274, p=.00). Regression coefficient between empowerment and organization commitment was significant(${\beta}=.365$, p=.00). In conclusion, the more head nurse took the transformational leadership, the higher nurses perceived empowerment. The higher their empowerment level, the higher organizational commitment they perceived. On the contrary, the higher their empowerment level, the lower their turnover intention. Therefore, in order to increase nurses' organization commitment and decrease their turnover intention, their empowerment should be increase. And it is necessary to develop the transformational leadership of head nurses so as to increase empowerment.