• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.391-400
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• 2008

Multi-pulse topology of converters using elementary six-pulse GTO - VSC (gate turn off based voltage source converter) operated under fundamental frequency switching (FFS) control is widely adopted in high power rating static synchronous compensators (STATCOM). Practically, a 48-pulse ($6{\times}8$ pulse) configuration is used with the phase angle control algorithm employing proportional and integral (PI) control methodology. These kinds of controllers, for example the ${\pm}80MVAR$ compensator at Inuyama switching station, KEPCO, Japan, employs two stages of magnetics viz. intermediate transformers (as many as VSCs) and a main coupling transformer to minimize harmonics distortion in the line and to achieve a desired operational efficiency. The magnetic circuit needs altogether nine transformers of which eight are phase shifting transformers (PST) used in the intermediate stage, each rating equal to or more than one eighth of the compensator rating, and the other one is the main coupling transformer having a power rating equal to that of the compensator. In this paper, a two-level 48-pulse ${\pm}100MVAR$ STATCOM is proposed where eight, six-pulse GTO-VSC are employed and magnetics is simplified to single-stage using four transformers of which three are PSTs and the other is a normal transformer. Thus, it reduces the magnetics to half of the value needed in the commercially available compensator. By adopting the simple PI-controllers, the model is simulated in a MATLAB environment by SimPowerSystems toolbox for voltage regulation in the transmission system. The simulation results show that the THD levels in line voltage and current are well below the limiting values specified in the IEEE Std 519-1992 for harmonic control in electrical power systems. The controller performance is observed reasonably well during capacitive and inductive modes of operation.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.558-572
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• 2018

In addition to its modular nature, a Hybrid Modular Multilevel Converter (HMMC) assembled from half-bridge and full-bridge sub-modules, is able to block DC faults with a minimum number of switching devices, which makes it attractive for high power applications. This paper introduces a control strategy based on the Root-Least Square (RLS) algorithm to estimate the capacitor voltages instead of using direct measurements. This action eliminates the need for voltage transducers in the HMMC sub-modules and the associated communication link with the central controller. In addition to capacitor voltage balancing and suppression of circulating currents, a fault tolerant control unit (FTCU) is integrated into the proposed strategy to modify the parameters of the HMMC controller. On advantage of the proposed FTCU is that it does not need extra components. Furthermore, a fault detection unit is adapted by utilizing a hybrid estimation scheme to detect sub-module faults. The behavior of the suggested technique is assessed using PSCAD offline simulations. In addition, it is validated using a real-time digital simulator connected to a real time controller under various normal and fault conditions. The proposed strategy shows robust performance in terms of accuracy and time response since it succeeds in stabilizing the HMMC under faults.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2013.07a
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• pp.323-324
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• 2013

This paper presents a simple and cost-effective stand-alone rapid battery charging system of 30kW for electric vehicles. The proposed system mainly consists of active front-end rectifier of neutral point clamped 3-level type and non-isolated bi-directional dc-dc converter of multi-phase interleaved half-bridge topology. The charging system is designed to operate for both lithium-polymer and lithium-ion batteries. The complete charging sequence is made up of three sub-interval operating modes; pre-charge mode, constant-current mode, and constant-voltage mode. The pre-charge mode employs the stair-case shaped current profile to accomplish shorter charging time while maintaining the reliable operation of the battery. The proposed system is specified to reach the full-charge state within less than 16min for the battery capacity of 8kWh by supplying the charging current of 78A. Owing to the simple and compact power conversion scheme, the proposed solution has superior module-friendly mechanical structure which is absolutely required to realize flexible power expansion capability in a very high-current rapid charging system.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.21-33
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• 2012

This paper presents the new maximum power point tracking(MPPT) control of the photovoltaic(PV) module integrated converter(MIC) system considering the shadow influence. The output characteristics of the solar cell is a nonlinear and affected by a temperature, the solar radiation and influence of a shadow. Particularly, MIC system is very sensitive to the shadow influence because the capacity is very small. In order to increase an output and efficiency of the solar power generation, the maximum power point(MPP) obeying control are necessary. Conventional perturbation and observation(PO) and Incremental conductance(IC) are the method finding MPP by the continued self-excitation vibration. The MPPT control is unable to be performed by rapid output change affected by the shadow. To solve this problem, the new control algorithm of the multi-level in which the step value changes by output change is presented. In case there are the solar radiation, a temperature and shadow influence, the presented algorithm treats and compares the conventional control algorithm and output error. In addition, the validity of the algorithm is proved. through the output error response characteristics.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2012.07a
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• pp.201-202
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• 2012

This paper presents a simple and cost-effective stand-alone rapid battery charging system of 30kW for electric vehicles. The proposed system mainly consists of active front-end rectifier of neutral point clamped 3-level type and non-isolated bi-directional dc-dc converter of multi-phase interleaved half-bridge topology. The charging system is designed to operate for both lithium-polymer and lithium-ion batteries. The complete charging sequence is made up of three sub-interval operating modes; pre-charging mode, constant-current mode, and constant-voltage mode. Each mode is operated according to battery states: voltage, current and State of Charging (SOC). The proposed system is able to reach the full-charge state within less than 16min for the battery capacity of 8kWh by supplying the charging current of 67A. The optimal discharging algorithm for Vehicle to the Grid (V2G) operation has been adopted to maintain the discharging current of 1C. Owing to the simple and compact power conversion scheme, the proposed solution has superior module-friendly mechanical structure which is absolutely required to realize flexible power expansion capability in a very high-current rapid charging system. Experiment waveforms confirm the proposed functionality of the charging system.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2016.11a
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• pp.73-74
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• 2016

본 논문은 포워드-플라이백 컨버터와 태양광 단일 전원 비대칭 다단식 H-bridge 다중 레벨 인버터를 적용한 태양광 전력 조절 시스템에 관한 논문이다. 이는 기존에 연구되었던 대칭형 다단식 H-Brdige 다중 레벨 인버터나 플라이백 컨버터를 사용한 태양광 전력 조절 시스템의 단점을 보완 한 것이다. 대칭형 다단식 멀티 레벨 인버터는 각 H-Bridge 구조 마다 독립된 전원이 필요하지만, 포워드-플라이백(Foward-Flyback) 컨버터를 접목시켜 단일 태양광 전원으로 하나의 다단식 H-Brdige 인버터를 구성 할 수 있고, 또한 기존의 플라이백 컨버터를 포워드-플라이백 컨버터로 대체 하면서 기존 대비 대용량 설비가 용이하고 효율적인 태양광 전력 조절 시스템을 설계 할 수 있다. 제안한 시스템의 가능성을 확인하기 위하여, PSIM 시뮬레이션을 통해 계통 연계형 1kW급 태양광 시스템의 최대 전력 추종 제어(Maximum Power Point Tracking)와 인버터의 $V_{dc}$ 전압 제어를 확인하였다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.11b
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• pp.277-279
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• 2005

Generally, It was used to use a unit of a Large regularity in developing Large Capacity Converter System of the electric power. Lager a capacity of a unit of regularity, more expensive cost of it. So, normally, We overcome the limit of a proper form of an electricity semiconductor which be used in application field of Large capacity electricity conversion system through the Composition of Multi-level Circuit or Dual-Mode or parallel switch. but some problem is discussed. Using parallel RC-diode circuit instead of Large Capacity diode, We implemented a circuit that it overcome the limit of a regularity with dealing current distributed by parallel RC-diode circuit.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2013.07a
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• pp.514-515
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• 2013

본 논문은 해상풍력단지와 같은 대용량 신재생에너지를 송전하는데 적합한 전압형 HVDC(High Voltage DC) 중에서, 최근 실용화되어 많은 연구가 이루어지고 있는 Modular Multi-level Converter HVDC(MMC HVDC)에 대한 새로운 토폴로지를 제안한 내용이다. 대표적인 MMC HVDC는 독일의 R. Marquardt 교수가 제안한 Half-Bridge 모듈을 적용하여 MMC를 구현하는 방식으로 이는 계통에 DC 지락 사고가 발생할 경우 컨버터를 구성하는 모듈에 큰 고장 전류가 흐르게 되고 결국 모듈의 주요 구성품인 IGBT가 소손 될 수 있는 약점을 지니고 있다. 이를 보완하기 위해 각 모듈에 Thyristor를 삽입하거나 새로운 모듈을 적용하는 방식이 제안되었다. 본 논문에서는 DC 지락 고장시 큰 고장 전류를 차단할 수 있는 새로운 모듈 구성을 제안하였다. 또한 제안된 토폴로지에 대한 기본 동작을 설명하고 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안한 방식과 기존의 방식을 비교 분석 하였다.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2016.11a
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• pp.182-183
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• 2016

계통 연계형 인버터에서는 고조파 전류를 저감하기 위하여 필터가 필요하다. 이러한 고조파 저감을 위하여 LCL 필터나 LCL 필터의 커패시터 단에 직렬로 L을 추가한 직렬 공진을 이용한 LLCL 필터가 있다. 이러한 필터들은 특정 주파수 대역의 고조파를 효과적으로 제거할 수 있으며 기존의 L 필터보다 용량이 줄어든다. 본 논문에서는 단상 멀티 레벨 컨버터의 PWM 주파수 성분의 고조파 저감 효과를 갖는 L, LLCL 필터를 설계하고 비교한다.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.244-245
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• 2010

본 논문은 1kW급 가정용 연료전지의 계통연계 및 고효율 전력변환 시스템 개발에 관한 것이다. 본 시스템에서 구현된 전력변환장치는 일반적인 연료전지용 PCS와 마찬가지로 DC/DC 컨버터부와 DC/AC 인버터부로 구성되며, 전체 시스템의 동작은, DC/DC 컨버터부에서는 고효율화를 위하여 공진형으로 동작되며, DC/AC 인버터부에서는 출력전력 제어와 계통연계를 수행한다.