• 한국항공우주학회지
• /
• 제30권7호
• /
• pp.144-149
• /
• 2002

본 논문은 항공전자 시스템 통제와 항법 및 사격통제, 커시브 및 라스터 그래픽 심볼 생성 둥의 기능이 통합된 항공전자시스템컴퓨터(ASC) 개발을 위한 실시간 다중 프로세서 병렬처리 기법을 제안한다. 4개의 32비트 RISC 프로세서간 논리적 계층구조는 마스터-슬레이브 다중 처리방식의 비대칭 구조를 가지며, Interaction 정도는 시분할 공통 시스템 버스와 공유 메모리 등을 활용한 밀 결합 방식을 채택하고, 효율적인 버스 중재방식을 고안하여 최적성능을 구현하였다. 일련의 비행시험을 통해 개발된 ASC를 검증하였으며, 전기적 시험과 환경 및 전자기 간섭 등 관련시험 또한 수행하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제37권1호
• /
• pp.35-41
• /
• 2013

금형온도는 사출성형시 수지의 유동특성이나 성형품의 변형에 영향을 미치는 중요한 변수로서, 고온의 수지 주입과 냉각회로에 주입되는 냉각수의 영향을 받아 사출 사이클이 반복될수록 온도의 상승과 하강이 반복되는 주기적인 변화특성을 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 금형 냉각회로에 저온과 고온의 유체를 번갈아 주입하는 가변 금형온도 제어기법을 적용하여 성형전에는 금형온도를 높게 유지하고 성형후에는 낮게 유지함으로써 사출성형시 품질과 생산성을 동시에 높일 수 있는 연구를 수행하였다. 특히 열전달-유동해석을 연계한 다중사이클 사출성형 과도해석을 수행하여 수지와 금형, 냉각수간의 과도적인 온도변화를 수치적으로 고찰하였고, 기존 냉각방법과의 해석결과를 비교하여 제안된 가변 금형온도 제어기법의 가열 및 냉각과정에서의 효율성을 비교하였다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제40회 동계학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.147-147
• /
• 2011

High crystalline nonpolar a-plane (11-20) nitride light emitting diodes (LEDs) have been fabricated on r-plane (1-102) sapphire substrates by metalorganic chemical-vapor deposition (MOCVD). The multi-quantum wells (MQWs) active region is consists of 4 periods the nonpolar a-plane InGaN/GaN(a-InGaN/GaN) on a high quality a-plane GaN (a-GaN) template grown by using the multibuffer layer technique. The full widths at half maximum (FWHMs) of x-ray rocking curve (XRC) obtained from phiscan of the specimen that was grown up to nonpolar a-plane GaN LED layers with double crystal x-ray diffraction. The FWHM values were decreased down to 477 arc sec for $0^{\circ}$ and 505 arc sec for $-90^{\circ}$, respectively. After fabricating a conventional lateral LED chip which size was $300{\times}600{\mu}m^2$, we measured the optical output power by on-wafer measurements. N-electrode was made with Cr/Au contact, and ITO on p-GaN was formed with Ohmic contact using Ni/Au followed by inductively coupled plasma etching for mesa isolation. The optical output power of 1.08 mW was obtained at drive current of 20 mA with the peak emission wavelength of 502 nm.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.600-604
• /
• 2007

In this study, we first prepared 3 kinds of powders with different molecular masses from the crude protein-bound polysaccharide extract of Agraricus blazei Murill through ultrafiltration, followed by spray-drying. Then, the antitumor activities of the powders were analyzed. Size exclusion chromatography coupled with a multi-angle laser-light-scattering system showed the 3 powders had the following molecular ranges: below 10 kDa (SD-1), 10 to 150 kDa (SD-2), and above 150 kDa (SD-3), representing peak molecular weights of $8.26{\times}10^3,\;9.65{\times}10^4$, and $5.94{\times}10^6\;g/mol$, respectively. All the powders stimulated macrophage RAW264.7 cells to produce nitric oxide, of which SD-2 and SD-3 were superior to the crude extract powder (CP-SD), while SD-1 showed the lowest activity. Similar results were found for their cytotoxicities against human cancer cell lines (A549, MCF-7, and AGS), where the highest activity was obtained with the SD-2 treatment for 72 hr at $1,000\;{\mu}g/mL$. The MCF-7 cell line was less sensitive to the powders than the other cells. From this research we found that ultrafiltration, in combination with spray-drying, is applicable for preparing protein-bound polysaccharide powders with higher antitumor activities.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제50권1호
• /
• pp.54-67
• /
• 2018

There have been recent efforts to establish methods for high-fidelity and multi-physics simulation with coupled thermal-hydraulic (T/H) and neutronics codes for the entire core of a light water reactor under accident conditions. Considering the computing power necessary for a pin-by-pin analysis of the entire core, subchannel-scale T/H analysis is considered appropriate to achieve acceptable accuracy in an optimal computational time. In the present study, the applicability of in-house code CUPID of the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute was extended to the subchannel-scale T/H analysis. CUPID is a component-scale T/H analysis code, which uses three-dimensional two-fluid models with various closure models and incorporates a highly parallelized numerical solver. In this study, key models required for a subchannel-scale T/H analysis were implemented in CUPID. Afterward, the code was validated against four subchannel experiments under unheated and heated single-phase incompressible flow conditions. Thereafter, a subchannel-scale T/H analysis of the entire core for an Advanced Power Reactor 1400 reactor core was carried out. For the high-fidelity simulation, detailed geometrical features and individual rod power distributions were considered in this demonstration. In this study, CUPID shows its capability of reproducing key phenomena in a subchannel and dealing with the subchannel-scale whole core T/H analysis.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.50-58
• /
• 2019

구획실 내 가연물들의 화재거동에 대한 B-RISK의 예측성능을 Fire dynamics simulator (FDS)와 연계하여 검토하였다. 먼저 열발생률(Heat release rate, HRR)에 대한 B-RISK의 예측성능을 검토하기 위해 가연물 한 세트의 실험에서 측정된 HRR 값과 디자인 화재곡선을 B-RISK의 입력조건으로 사용하여 가연물 두 세트에 대한 HRR 곡선을 계산하고 실험에서 측정된 가연물 두 세트의 HRR 값과 비교하였다. B-RISK 결과와 실험결과를 비교하여 B-RISK가 화재성장률에 대한 예측은 어렵지만 최대 HRR 값과 총 열발생량에 대해서는 충분히 예측할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 그리고 B-RISK 계산을 통해 예측된 HRR 값을 FDS의 입력조건으로 사용하여 계산된 결과와 실험결과를 비교하여 B-RISK 계산을 통해 예측된 HRR 값의 화재거동에 대해 검토하였다. 실험에서 측정된 온도 및 화학종 농도 결과와 비교하여 화재성장구간에 대해 차이가 있는 것을 확인하였지만 예측된 HRR 값에서 Percentile이 약 70%인 HRR 값을 사용하더라도 충분히 전체적인 화재거동을 예측할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 대기
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.111-130
• /
• 2010

An uncertainty assessment for precipitation datasets simulated by Atmosphere-Ocean Coupled General Circulation Model (AOGCM) is conducted to provide reliable climate scenario over East Asia. Most of results overestimate precipitation compared to the observational data (wet bias) in spring-fall-winter, while they underestimate precipitation (dry bias) in summer in East Asia. Higher spatial resolution model shows better performances in simulation of precipitation. To assess the uncertainty of spatiotemporal precipitation in East Asia, the cyclostationary empirical orthogonal function (CSEOF) analysis is applied. An annual cycle of precipitation obtained from the CSEOF analysis accounts for the biggest variability in its total variability. A comparison between annual cycles of observed and modeled precipitation anomalies shows distinct differences: 1) positive precipitation anomalies of the multi-model ensemble (MME) for 20 models (thereafter MME20) in summer locate toward the north compared to the observational data so that it cannot explain summer monsoon rainfalls across Korea and Japan. 2) The onset of summer monsoon in MME20 in Korean peninsula starts earlier than observed one. These differences show the uncertainty of modeled precipitation. Also the comparison provides the criteria of annual cycle and correlation between modeled and observational data which helps to select best models and generate a new MME, which is better than the MME20. The spatiotemporal deviation of precipitation is significantly associated with lower-level circulations. In particular, lower-level moisture transports from the warm pool of the western Pacific and corresponding moisture convergence significantly are strongly associated with summer rainfalls. These lower-level circulations physically consistent with precipitation give insight into description of the reason in the monsoon of East Asia why behaviors of individually modeled precipitation differ from that of observation.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
• /
• 제37권9호
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2000

InGAAs/InGaAsP 다중양자우물구조에 분순물없는 vacancy 확산으로 지역 선택적인 상호 섞임 현상을 유도하고, 다중 파장 검출이 가능한 집적 광도파로형 photodetector를 제작 및 측정하였다. 다중양자우물구조는 상호섞임에 의해서 밴드갭이 크게 청색편이 하였다. 집적 광수신소자는 p-i-n 구조이며, 밴드갭이 큰 영역과 작은 영역이 광도파로를 따라 일렬이 되도록 항ㅆ다. 광도파로의 폭은 20 ${\mu}m$이며, 각 광수신소자에 길이는 250 ${\mu}m$이다. Tunable 레이저와 편광기를 이용하여, TE/TM 편광된 빛을 광수신소자에 butt-coupling 방법으로 입사하여 소자의 파장 특성을 측정하였다. 제작된 소자는 1480 nm 와 1550 nm 파장 영역을 분리, 수광할 수 있음을 보였다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• 제34권6호
• /
• pp.42-46
• /
• 2016

Hydrogen assisted cracking (HAC) is one of the most complicated problem in welding. Huge amount of studies have been done for decades. Based on them, various standards have been established to avoid HAC. But it is still a chronic problem in industrial field. It is well known that the main causes of the hydrogen crack are residual stress, crack susceptible micro structures and a certain critical level of hydrogen concentration. Even though the exact generating mechanism is unclear till today, it has been reported that the hydrogen level in the weld metal should be managed less than a certain amount to prevent it. Matsuda studied that the residual hydrogen level in the weld metal can be varied even if the initial hydrogen content is same. It is also insisted in this report that the residual hydrogen concentration is in stronger correlation with hydrogen crack than the initial hydrogen content. But, in practical point of view, the residual hydrogen is still hard to consider because measuring hydrogen level is time and cost consuming process. In this regard, numerical analysis is the only solution for considering the residual hydrogen content. Meanwhile, Takahashi showed the possibility of predicting the residual hydrogen by a rigorous FE analysis. But, few commercial software suitable for solving the weld metal hydrogen has been reported yet. In this study, two dimensional thermal - hydrogen coupled analysis was developed by using the commercial FE software MARC. Since the governing equation of the hydrogen diffusion is similar to the heat transfer, it is shown that the heat transfer FE analysis in association with hydrogen diffusion property can be used for hydrogen diffusion analysis. A series of simulation was performed to verify the accuracy of the model. For BOP (Bead-On-Plate) and the multi-pass butt welding simulations, remaining hydrogen contents in the weld metal is well matched with measurements which are referred from Kim and Masamitsu.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제45권6호
• /
• pp.594-604
• /
• 2019

Objectives: This study developed and validated an analysis method of urinary metals and metalloids that can be applied inductively with coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Methods: 0.3 mL of urine was used to analyze 25 metal and metalloid compounds using ICP-MS. The validation of the analytical method included linearity, accuracy, precision, and the calculation of detection limits. In addition, a comparison test was performed with the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF-AAS) method, which is the current standard method, with urine samples of 66 healthy subjects. Results: The linearities (R²) of calibration curves of all 25 compounds were ≥ 0.999. Of the 25 compounds, the intra-day and inter-day accuracy% of 17 and 20 met ≤15%, respectively. In addition, fifteen compounds showed ≤15% recovery% for certificated reference materials. Intraclass correlation coefficients of the comparison between the current methods and new methods in this study were 0.952 (p-value<0.001) and 0.911 (p-value<0.001) for urinary cadmium and mercury, respectively. Conclusion: This study proposes an efficient simultaneous methodology that can analyze multi elements in smaller sample amounts. More reproduction experiments are needed in the future.