• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2016

This paper presents the implementation for a network structure of railway cars using a point to point communication. Most of network's representative specifications for a train are the FIP (Field Bus), MVB (Multifunction Vehicle Bus), CAN and WTB (Wire Train Bus) which is used by ALSOM, SIEMENS and BOMBADIER as major in this field. These networks in a physical layer use a multi-drop method, connected from $1^{st}$ car to $n^{th}$ car of a train through a cable without any extra services such as an electric part, amplifier. However waveforms which is passed through a long cable in the multi-drop are distorted by a capacitance or resistance of the cable or environments. Also since using a cable connected directly from $1^{st}$ car to $n^{th}$ car, if over two trains make double head, it isn't easy to distinguish ID for each railway cars. So by using the point to point network per each car, it is able to reduce a distortion. Also since reducing distortion, this communication speed can be been higher and transmit and receive any packets more stably. Using proposed token in a packet, this can make ID per each railway car automatically. Finally experimental results show the good performance and effectiveness of the proposed method.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.423-432
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• 2014

Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) is applied for solving Combined Economic Emission Dispatch (CEED) problem with valve-point loading of thermal generators. This CEED problem with valve-point loading is a nonlinear, constrained multi-objective optimization problem, with power balance and generator capacity constraints. The valve-point loading introduce ripples in the input-output characteristics of generating units and make the CEED problem as a nonsmooth optimization problem. To validate its effectiveness of NSGA-II, two benchmark test systems, IEEE 30-bus and IEEE 118-bus systems are considered. To compare the Pareto-front obtained using NSGA-II, reference Pareto-front is generated using multiple runs of Real Coded Genetic Algorithm (RCGA) with weighted sum of objectives. Comparison with other optimization techniques showed the superiority of the NSGA-II approach and confirmed its potential for solving the CEED problem. Numerical results show that NSGA-II algorithm can provide Pareto-front in a single run with good diversity and convergence. An approach based on Technique for Ordering Preferences by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is applied on non-dominated solutions obtained to determine Best Compromise Solution (BCS).

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2004

Around the rural village area the traditional markets which are center the small capital it was active at the strong-point and the possibility the fact that it is developed. With this the same small capital currently as the city and the area where the quality of the rural village coexists, has the regional quality which belongs in guard of the capital region or strong-point city. With relative estrangement from the support process against this result past falling behind farming village it does not illustrate the possibility of knowing the fact that the duplex point who is falling behind as guard territory of reverse appears. Selects the small capital of the each area from like this point of view and the possibility of knowing center role of traditional market the possibility which is various is the possibility of doing in the process which propels an activation. Currently it is planned from the multi local self-governing group and the result which investigates the traditional market activation contents which are in the process of propelling, it will be able to discover the multi branch problem points against a traditional market activation.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제23권60호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2000

The main objective of this research is to analyze an order point and an order quantity of a distribution center and each branch to attain a target service level in multi-level inventory distribution system. In case of product item, we use the item with low volume of average monthly demand. Under the continuous review method, the distribution center places a particular order quantity to an outside supplier whenever the level of inventory reaches an order point, and receives the order quantity after elapsing a certain lead time. Also, each branch places an order quantity to the distribution center whenever the level of inventory reaches an order point, and receives the quantity after elapsing a particular lead time. When an out of stock condition occurs, we assume that the item is backordered. For considering more realistic situations, we use generic type of probability distribution of lead times. In the variable lead time model, the actually achieved service level is estimated as the expected service level. Therefore, this study focuses on the analysis of deciding the optimal order point and order quantity to achieve a target service level at each depot as a expected service level, while the system-wide inventory level is minimized. In addition, we analyze the order level as a maximum level of inventory to suggest more efficient way to develop the low demand item model.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 16 비트 고정 소수점 DSP(Digital Signal Processor)를 사용하여 다채널 G.729A 음성 부호화기를 실시간 구현하였으며, 실제로 음성 사서함 서비스(Voice Mailing Service: VMS) 시스템에 응용하였다. DSP는 TI(Texas Instruments)사의 TMS320C549 칩을 사용하였으며, 구현된 G.729A음성 부호화기는 채널 당 부호화기에 14.5 MIPS를, 복호화기에 3.6 MIPS를 소요하였으며, 메모리는 코드 부분에 9.88 K 워드, 데이터 부분에 1.69 K 워드를 필요로 하였다. 결과적으로 개발된 VMS 시스템에는 두 개의 DSP를 사용하여 DSP 당 4 채널씩 총 8 채널을 수용하였다. 실험 결과, 구현된 다채널 부호화기는 ITU-T에서 제공된 테스트 벡터 샘플을 모두 통과하는 일관된 성능을 보였다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제36권9A호
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• pp.784-789
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 Coordinated multi-point (CoMP) Coordinated scheduling/Coordinated beamforming (CS/CB) Precoding matrix indicator (PMI) 시나리오에서, 제한된 위상 피드백을 바탕으로 단말의 수신 Signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR)을 최대화하는 송신기의 프리코더를 제안한다. 특히, 다중 생 환경에서 외부셀을 고려하여 기존 프리코딩 기법을 개선 한다. 먼저 서빙 셀의 신호를 최대화하는 프리코딩 행렬 뿐 아니라 협력 셀의 신호를 최소화하는 프리코딩 행렬을 설계하여 수신 SINR을 최대화한다. 또한 제한된 bits 피드백 조건에서 활용할 수 있는 PMI 기법을 제시한다. 끝으로 시뮬레이션을 통해 CoMP CS/CB PMI 시나리오 하에서 본 논문에서 제시된 프리코더의 성능을 명가하고 다른 프리코더의 성능과 비교한다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제37권5A호
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• pp.348-357
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• 2012

최근 스마트폰, 노트북 등 무선 네트워크를 사용하는 단말들이 널리 보급되면서 이러한 무선 단말들이 액세스 포인트(AP)에 접속하여 주고받는 트래픽의 양도 증가하였다. 이 때 하나의 AP를 통해 전달되는 트래픽이 증가하면 성능 저하가 발생하는 문제점이 생겨났다. 이를 해결하기 위해 서비스 제공자들은 트래픽의 부하가 큰 지역에 추가적으로 AP를 설치하여 이를 방지하고자 한다. 하지만 기존 시스템에서는 단말이 접속할 AP를 선택할 때 AP의 부하를 알 수 없고, AP에서도 부하를 측정하고 부하 분배를 수행하는 매커니즘이 존재하지 않는다. 따라서 AP를 추가로 설치하여도 성능 저하를 근본적으로 방지할 수 없다. 본 논문에서는 이를 해결하기 위해 멀티 인터페이스 액세스 포인트(MIAP)를 제안한다. 여러 개의 인터페이스를 통해서 하나의 AP가 여러 개의 AP와 같이 동작하고 AP에서 각 인터페이스별 실시간 부하를 측정하여 동적으로 부하 분배를 수행한다. 실험을 통해 기존 시스템의 문제점과 그에 따른 성능 저하를 확인하였고 MIAP를 직접 비교하여 성능 비교 실험을 수행하였다. 그 결과 전체 성능을 약 72% 향상시켰고 딜레이 지터도 안정화 시키는 것을 확인하였다.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.235-242
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• 1987

• 건설안전기술
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• 통권36호
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• pp.88-93
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• 2006

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.707-716
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• 2008

The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of mixed fuel composition and mass fraction on spray inner structure in evaporating transient spray under the variant ambient conditions. Spray structure and spatial distribution of liquid phase concentration were investigated using a thin laser sheet illumination technique on the three component mixed fuels. A pulsed Nd:YAG laser was used as a light source. The experiments were conducted in a constant volume vessel with optical access. Fuel was injected into the vessel with electronically controlled common rail injector. Used fuel contains i-octane($C_8H_{18}$), n-dodecane($C_{12}H_{26}$) and n-hexadecane($C_{16}H_{34}$) that were selected as low-, middle- and high-boiling point fuel, respectively. Experimental conditions are 42 MPa, 72 MPa and 112 MPa in injection pressure, $5\;kg/m^3$, $15kg/m^3$ and $30kg/m^3$ in ambient gas density, 300 K, 500 K, 600 K and 700 K in ambient gas temperature, 300 K and 368 K in fuel temperature and different fuel mass fraction. Experimental results indicated that the multi-component fuels made two phase region mixed vapor and liquid so that it would are helpful to improve combustion, for the fuels of high boiling point component could accelerate evaporation very much according as low boiling point fuel was added to high boiling point fuel.