• Title/Summary/Keyword: Multi-Level

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Determining the Proper Level of Concurrent Spare Parts under Budget Constraint (예산제약하에서의 동시조달수리부속의 적정소요 산출)

  • Kim, Young-Ho;Chong, Il-Gyo;Jun, Chi-Hyuck
    • IE interfaces
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.286-295
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    • 2001
  • This paper addresses the problem of determining the proper level of concurrent spare parts(CSP) for a system consisting of multi-item parts under an available budget constraint. Initial provisioning of spare parts plays a major role in the acquisition of a new equipment system. Therefore, the proper level of spare parts should be on hand to maintain the availability of the system. This paper proposes a new CSP model and solution procedure that determines the proper level of spare parts satisfying the item priority and simultaneously available budget constraint.

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A Review on the Research of Information Technology Adoption by SME (중소기업의 정보기술 수용연구에 대한 고찰)

  • Kim, Gil-Rae;Kim, Chung-Yeong
    • 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2004.05a
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    • pp.421-435
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    • 2004
  • This paper explores the applicability of traditional TAM and DOT to multi-level adoption (first level and second level adoption) process occurring within an organizational context. This paper identifies existing gaps in traditional innovation adoption models and concludes that a new framework is required. A new hybrid theoretical framework is developed which combines insights from organizational-level research on technology implementation with constructs from traditional innovation adoption models.

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Basic Characteristic of 5-level Inverter with Different Divided DC Link Voltage

  • Matsuse, Kouki;Matsumoto, Takafumi;Kodera, Yuji
    • Journal of international Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.179-183
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    • 2013
  • This paper report on experimental results of 5-level inverter by DC divided link voltage. We have alreday reported that DC divided link valtage comes to be able to reduse harmonic of out line voltage. So we tested whether DC divided link voltage can reduce harmonics in experimental setup. This paper shows simulation results and experimental results. And we confirmed that DC divided link voltage can also apply in experimental setup.

Effect of Product Involvement and Brand Preference on Consumers' Evaluation Effort for Multi-Dimensional Prices (소비자의 다차원가격 평가노력에 대한 제품관여도와 브랜드선호도의 영향)

  • Kim, Jae-Yeong
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.55-64
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    • 2015
  • Purpose - Multi-dimensional prices comprise multiple components such as monthly payments and a number of payments rather than a single lump-sum amount. According to previous studies, an increase in the number of price dimensions leads to a massive amount of cognitive stress resulting in incorrect calculation, and deterioration in the consistency of the price judgment. However, an increase only in the level of complexity of calculating multi-dimensional prices does not always result in a corresponding decrease in the accuracy of price evaluation. Since diverse variables could affect consumers' purchase-decision-making process, the results of price evaluation would be different. In this study, an empirical analysis was performed to determine how the accuracy of price evaluation varies depending on the extent of the complexity of price dimensions using product involvement and brand preference as moderating variables. Research design, data, and methodology - A survey was conducted on 260 students, and 252 effective responses were used for analysis. The data was analyzed using t-test, one-way ANOVA, and two-way ANOVA. In this study, six hypotheses were developed to examine the effect of product involvement and brand preference on consumers' evaluation effort of multi-dimensional prices. Results - As the number of price dimensions increased, accuracy of price evaluation appeared to be low in high involvement, as expected. However, it showed no differences in price evaluation effort when the level of complexity of calculating multi-dimensional prices is low. When a small number of price dimensions are presented in both cases of high and low involvement, accuracy of price evaluation is much higher in a weak brand preference. On the contrary, a strong brand preference enhances an accuracy of price evaluation only in case of low involvement when the number of price dimensions is increased. An interaction effect of product involvement and brand preference on consumers' evaluation of multi-dimensional prices did not exist irrespective of the level of complexity of calculating prices being high or low. Conclusions - When the number of price dimensions is small, consumers' effort for price evaluation shows almost no difference without the moderating effect of involvement, and a weak brand preference leads to a higher accuracy of price evaluation in an effort to make the best selection. No interaction effect of product involvement and brand preference was found except for a main effect of brand preference. When a price is composed of multiple dimensions rendering it more difficult to calculate the final price, the effort for price evaluation was expected to decrease only slightly in case of combination of high involvement and strong brand preference. This is because people have a higher purchase intentions and trust for that particular brand. However, the accuracy of price evaluation was much lower in cases of high involvement, and there was no interaction effect between product involvement and brand preference except for a main effect of involvement and brand preference, respectively.

Tile-level and Frame-level Parallel Encoding for HEVC (타일 및 프레임 수준의 HEVC 병렬 부호화)

  • Kim, Younhee;Seok, Jinwuk;Jung, Soon-heung;Kim, Huiyong;Choi, Jin Soo
    • Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.388-397
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    • 2015
  • High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC)/H.265 is a new video coding standard which is known as high compression ratio compared to the previous standard, Advanced Video Coding (AVC)/H.264. Due to achievement of high efficiency, HEVC sacrifices the time complexity. To apply HEVC to the market applications, one of the key requirements is the fast encoding. To achieve the fast encoding, exploiting thread-level parallelism is widely chosen mechanism since multi-threading is commonly supported based on the multi-core computer architecture. In this paper, we implement both the Tile-level parallelism and the Frame-level parallelism for HEVC encoding on multi-core platform. Based on the implementation, we present two approaches in combining the Tile-level parallelism with Frame-level parallelism. The first approach creates the fixed number of tile per frame while the second approach creates the number of tile per frame adaptively according to the number of frame in parallel and the number of available worker threads. Experimental results show that both improves the parallel scalability compared to the one that use only tile-level parallelism and the second approach achieves good trade-off between parallel scalability and coding efficiency for both Full-HD (1080 x 1920) and 4K UHD (3840 x 2160) sequences.