• Title/Summary/Keyword: Multi Nozzle

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The Studies of Conductive and Non-Conductive Multi-Layer Depth Analysis by Radio Frequency Gas-Jet Boosted Glow Discharge Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Radio frequency gas-jet boosted 글로우 방전 원자 방출 분광법을 이용한 전도성 및 비 전도성의 다층 두께 분석에 관한 연구)

  • Cho, Won Bo;Lee, Seong Hun;Jeong, Jong Pil;Choi, Woo Chang;Borden, Stuart;Kim, Kyu Whan;Kim, Kyung Mi;Kim, Hyo Jin;Jeong, Seong Uk;Lee, Jung Ju
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.236-242
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    • 2002
  • A method was investigated to determine the thickness of coating on steel sheet using rf glow discharge atomic emission spectrometer. The RF gas-jet boosted glow discharge has such salient feature as good pleasure stability and high sputtering efficiency that it was possible to determine the thickness of silicon resin film on zinc electroplated steel. The erosion speed variation is dependent on discharge power, gas flow rate and discharge pressure. therefore determine discharge condition to measure the thickness of coating on steels. The fundamental studies have been carried out to investigate an optimum condition for in-depth analysis and composition of zinc coating on steel. In this study, the calibration curve for thickness determination of silicon resin film was found to be linear in the range of $1000{\sim}3500mg/m^2$ film thickness. The developed rf gas-jet boosted glow discharge was applied to the analysis of zinc coating and silicon resin film on steel made by RIST.

Mass Concentration and Ion Composition of Size-segregated Particulate Matter during the Non-Asian Dust Storm of Spring 2007 in Iksan (익산지역에서 봄철 비황사기간 중 입경별 대기먼지농도와 이온조성)

  • Kang, Gong-Unn;Kim, Nam-Song;Lee, Hyun-Ju
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.34 no.4
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    • pp.300-310
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    • 2008
  • In order to further determine the mass concentration and ion composition of size-segregated particulate matter (PM) during the non-Asian dust storm of spring, $PM_{2.5}$ (fine particle), $PM_{10-2.5}$ (coarse particle), and $PM_{over-10}$ (PM with an aerodynamic diameter larger than $10{\mu}m$) were collected using a MCI (multi-nozzle cascade impactor) sampler of a three-stage filter pack in the spring season of 2007 in the Iksan area. During the sampling period from 5 April to 21 April, a total of 34 samples for size-segregated PM were collected, and then measured for PM mass concentrations by gravimetric measurements and for water-soluble inorganic ion species by using ion chromatography. Average mass concentrations of $PM_{2.5}$, $PM_{10-2.5}$, $PM_{over-10}$ were $35.4{\pm}11.5{\mu}g/m^3$, $13.3{\pm}5.5{\mu}g/m^3$ and $9.5{\pm}4.7{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively. On average, $PM_{2.5}$ accounted for 74% of $PM_{10}$. Compared with the literature from other areas in Korea, the measured concentration of $PM_{2.5}$ were relatively high. Water-soluble inorganic ion fractions in $PM_{2.5}$, $PM_{10-2.5}$, and $PM_{over-10}$ were found to be 47.8%, 28.5%, and 14.7%, respectively. Among the water-soluble inorganic ion species, $SO_4^{2-}$, $NO_3^-$ and $NH_4^+$ were the main components in $PM_{2.5}$, while $NO_3^-$ dominantly existed in both $PM_{10-2.5}$ and $PM_{over-10}$. Non-seasalt $SO_4^{2-}$ (nss-$SO_4^{2-}$ and $NO_3^-$ were found to mainly exist as the neutralized chemical components of $(NH_4)_2SO_4$ and $NH_4NO_3$ in fine particles.

Analysis of Actual State of Facilities for Pleurotus eryngii Cultivation - Based on Western Gyeongnam Area - (큰느타리버섯 재배사의 실태분석 - 서부경남지역을 중심으로 -)

  • Yoon Yong Cheol;Suh Won Myung;Yu Chan
    • Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.217-225
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    • 2004
  • This study was performed to provide the basic knowledge about the mushroom cultivation facilities. Classified current status of cultivation facilities in Gyeongnam province was investigated by questionnaire. The structure of Pleurotus eryngii cultivation facilities can be classified into the simple and permanent frame type. The simple frame structures were mostly single-span type, on the other hand, the permanent frame structures were more multi-span than simple structures. And the scale of cultivation facilities was very different regardless of structural type. But as a whole, the length, width and ridge height were prevailing approximately 20.0 m, $6.6\~7.0m$ and $4.6\~5.0m$ range, respectively. The floor area was about $132\~160\;m^2$, and floor was built with concrete to protect mushrooms from various harmful infection. The roof slope of the simple and permanent type showed about $41.5^{\circ}\;and\;18.6\~28.6^{\circ}$, respectively. The width and layer number of growing bed for mushroom cultivation were around $1.2\~1.6m$, 4 layers in common, respectively. Most of year round cultivation facilities were equipped with cooler, heater, humidifier, and ventilating fan. Hot water boiler was the most commonly used heating system, the next was electric heater and then steam boiler. The industrial air conditioner has been widely used for cooling. And humidity was controlled mostly by ultra-wave or centrifuging humidifier. But some farmers has been using nozzle system for auxiliary purpose. More then $90\%$ of the mushroom house had the independent environment control system. The inside temperature was usually controlled by sensor, but humidity and $CO_2$ concentration was controlled by timer for each growing stage. The capacity of medium bottle was generally 850 cc and 1100cc, some farms used 800 cc, 950 co and 1,250 cc. Most of mushroom producted has been usually shipped to both circulating company and joint market.