• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.24-29
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• 2014

An advanced and reliable high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)/ultraviolet detector (UV)/ion-trap time-of-flight (IT-TOF) mass spectrometry was developed for the simultaneous quantification of 19 marker compounds in Bang-poong-tong-sung-san (BPTS), a traditional oriental prescription. Various parameters affecting HPLC separation and IT-TOF detection were investigated, and optimized conditions were identified. The separation was achieved on a Capcell PAK C18 column ($1.5mm{\times}250mm$, $5{\mu}m$ particle size) using a gradient elution of acetonitrile and water containing 0.1% formic acid at a flow rate of 0.1 mL/min. The column temperature was maintained at $40^{\circ}C$ and the injection volume was $2{\mu}L$. IT-TOF system was equipped with an electrospray ion source (ESI) operating in positive or negative ion mode. The optimized electrospray ionization parameters were as follows: ion spray voltage, +4.5 kV (positive ion mode), or -3.5 kV (negative ion mode); drying gas ($N_2$), 1.5 L/min; heat block temperature, $200^{\circ}C$. Automatic $MS^n$ (n = 1~3) analyses were carried out to obtain structural information of analytes. Elemental compositions and their mass errors were calculated based on their accurate masses obtained from a formula predictor software. The marker compounds in BPTS were identified by comparisons between $MS^n$ spectra from standards and those from extracts. Moreover, the libraries of $MS^2$ and $MS^3$ spectra and accurate masses of parent and fragment ions for marker compounds were constructed. The developed method was successfully applied to the BPTS extracts and identified 17 out of 19 marker compounds in the BPTS extracts.

• 대한한방종양학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.61-75
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to prove the angiogenesis effects of WhaYoungJiTongTang (hereinafter referred to as the 'WYJTT'). For the study, by utilizing liver cancer cell line; SK-HEP-1, lung cancer cell line: A549, stomach cancer cell line: AGS and bovine capillary endothelial cell: BCE, the effects of the WYJTT on toxicity and proliferation ability of cells and the effects on anti-angiogenesis of bovine capillary endothelial cell and of mice's aorta were studied. 1. Cell viability assay In comparison with the control group, when $100{\mu}g/ml$ of WYJTT was injected, the viability was reduced in SK-Hep-1, $400{\mu}g/ml$ in A549 and $200{\mu}g/ml$ in AGS. 2. Cell proliferation assay In comparison with the control group, when $600{\mu}g/ml$ of WYITT was injected, DNA synthesis was reduced to 35.1% in the SK-Hep-1, 56.0% in A549, and 25.8% in BCE (bovine capillary endothelial cell); and when $400{\mu}g/ml$ was injected, DNA synthesis was reduced to 12.1 in AGS. 3. Tube formation assay In the event that BCE is injected with WYJTT in each of its content gradient, the anti-angiogenesis was effective in amounts of $400{\mu}g/ml$ with 6 hours of the treatment. 4. Aortic ring assay In comparison with the control group, the angiogenesis was restricted to the remarkable degree in amount of $200{\mu}g/ml$: 10% in $400{\mu}g/ml$; and fully inhibited in each of $800{\mu}g/ml$ and $1600{\mu}g/ml$. As a result of the experiments mentioned above, WYJTT showed its anti-angiogenesis effects against cancer cell line.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.972-985
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• 2022

In the year 2020, a new lightweight block cipher µ² is proposed. It has both good software and hardware performance, and it is especially suitable for constrained resource environment. However, the security evaluation on µ² against impossible differential cryptanalysis seems missing from the specification. To fill this gap, an impossible differential cryptanalysis on µ² is proposed. In this paper, firstly, some cryptographic properties on µ² are proposed. Then several longest 7-round impossible differential distinguishers are constructed. Finally, an impossible differential cryptanalysis on µ² reduced to 10 rounds is proposed based on the constructed distinguishers. The time complexity for the attack is about 2^69.63 10-round µ² encryptions, the data complexity is O(2⁴⁸), and the memory complexity is 2^63.57 Bytes. The reported result indicates that µ² reduced to 10 rounds can't resist against impossible differential cryptanalysis.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.378-383
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• 2007

Phenathrene derivatives, such as batatasins, are well-known constituents in Dioscorea Rhizoma. Although phenanthrenes have been reported as representative compounds in this plant, standard markers for quality control have been focused on the polar constituents (saponins and purine derivatives). Herein, simple, rapid and reliable HPLC method was developed to determine 3,5-dimethoxyphenanthrene-2,7-diol (DMP) and batatasin-I (BA-I) as non-polar standard maker compounds of Dioscorea Rhizoma. DMP and BA-I were analyzed under optimized HPLC conditions [column: Columbus $5{\mu}$ C18 100A ($30{\times}4.6mm$ i.d., $5{\mu}m$; mobile phase: $H_2O$ with 0.025% $CH_3COOH$ (v/v) for solvent A and $CH_3CN$ with 0.025% $CH_3COOH$ (v/v) for solvent B, gradient elution; flow rate: 2 mL/min; detection: 260 nm), and each experiment was finished within 13 min. Good linearity was achieved in the range from 0.5 to $10.0{\mu}g/mL$ for each compound, and intra- and inter-day precision were in the acceptable levels. The recovery test were performed with three different Dioscorea Rhizoma samples (D. opposita, D. batatas and D. japonica), and showed its accuracy values in the range of 97.2 - 102.8% for three different concentrations of DMP and BA-I. The content levels of DMP and BA-I were ranged under 0.0020%. These results demonstrated that amounts of DMP and BA-I are easily determined with conventional HPLC-UV-DAD method although the content levels were lower than those of saponins and allantoin in Dioscorea Rhizoma. This HPLC method could be used for quality control of various Dioscorea preparations.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.199-201
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• 1975

In order to investigate the effect of aconitine upon the parasympathetic innervation, the isolated rabbit duodenal preparation pretreated with atropine and tetrodotoxin were observed. The results obtained in this work were summerized as follows: 1. The excitatory response was evoked by the administration of aconitine ($100{\mu}g/ml$). 2. The contraction was blocked by the pretreatment with atropine ($10{\mu}g/ml$). 3. The contraction was completely blocked by the pretreatment with tetrodotoxin($10{\mu}g/ml$). These experimental evidences indicate that the excitatory response by aconitine is due to the parasympathetic nerves.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.233-240
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• 1982

남해안 서부에 위치한 득량만과 가막양에서 1981년 하계 중 해수의 클로로필-a양과 저이 중 COD, 강열감대, 파오파이틴양 그리고 황화물양을 측정하였다. 노경노은 약 $300km^2$로서 근래 피조개의 채묘 및 양성이 급증하고 있고, 가업양은 약 $150km^2$로서 수하식에 의한 굴 선성이 많다. 득량만 해수 중 클로로필-a양은 9월에 많아 $1.0\sim5.0{\mu}g/l$로서 평균 $2.5{\mu}g/l$이었다. 양적인 분포에선 득량만의 서북쪽에서 많았다. 저이 중 유기물양은 양서 모두, COD$5.0\sim10.0mg/g$, 강열감양$5.0\sim9.0\%$,체페오파이틴양 $2.0\sim 5.0{\mu}g/g$ 건이이었으며 황화물양은 $0.1\sim0.3mg/g$ 건이이었다. 유기물과 황화물양 모두, 득량만에서는 만입구에서 깊숙히 들어갈수록 증가하였고, 가막양에서는 만의 서편과 서북쪽에 많았다. 상기의 모든 양은 낙산$\cdot$거제만의 양들과 비슷하거나 약간 적었다. 클로로필-a양에 의한 해수의 부영선화는 제산$\cdot$거제만과 같이 중간 수준인데 비해, 저이의 부영양화는 초기단계이었다. 저이중 COD와 페오파이틴양으로부터 산출한 저오염도는$6\sim11$로서, 낙산$\cdot$거제만의 $7\sim18$, 진해서의 $11\sim30$에 비해 낮았다. 이는, COD양이 적다는 이유도 있지만, 굴 양성을 많이 하는 낙산$\cdot$거제만이나 진해만 서부해역과는 달리 페오파인틴양이 COD양보다 적었기 때문이다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.260-264
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• 1983

고성${\cdot}$자란만 패류 양성장 저질의 부영양화정도와 부영양화속도를 구명하고 양성장의 적절한 관리, 보존을 위한 기초자료를 얻고저 1981년 하계중앙성장 저니중에 함유된 유기물량 및 유화물량을 측정하였다. 1. 표충저니 중 COD양은 $12.5{\sim}19.5mg/g$으로 평 군 15.3 mg/g이었고 강열감량은 $6.7{\sim}12.4\%$로 평균 $9.1\%$, 페오파이친색소량은 $6.8{\sim}11.0{\mu}g/g$으로 평균 $9.1{\mu}g/g$이었다. 유화물량은 $0.18{\sim}0.64{\mu}g/g$으로 평균 0.36 mg/g이었다. 2. 상기 양들은 유화물의 경우, 부영양화의 상한치인 0.3mg/g을 약간 상회하고 있지만, 그 밖의 값들은 대체로 낮은 값이고, 1976년의 조사치와 비교해도 6년간 약간만이 증가한것으르 보아, 부영양화의 속도는 매우 완만하였다. 3. 저이오염도로 보아, 득량만과 가막양만에 비하면 약간 나쁜 편이었지만 인근에 위치한 진해만이나 한산${\cdot}$거제만에 비하aus 매우 양호한 편이었다. 또, 페오파이친색소량이 적은 것으로 보아 양성패에 의한 배설물의 다량 축적으로 인한 문제는 없는 것 같다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.1-4
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• 1971

Zinc is an essential trace element. Previos methods for the determination of zinc in serum have been difficult and reported findings must be treated with caution. The normal range of zinc in serum varies significantly according to different methods and author. The scope of this work was to establish the normal range of zinc in serum values in healthy Korean persons. Methods are described for the determination of zinc in serum diluted ten-fold with deionised water using Hitachi Model 207, atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The values of zinc in serum of 23 healthy Korean persons by atomic absorption spectroscopy ranged from 87.6 to $131.2\;{\mu}g/100\;ml$ with the mean value $109.1\;{\mu}g/100\;ml$ and standard deviation 10.86. In this method, satifactory result was obtained with regard to the coefficient variation and recoveries of added zinc in the measurenents.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2006년도 6th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.175-177
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• 2006

Here we report an enhanced flexoelectric switching in a self-assembled system of smectic liquid crystal and some specific dopant. The assembled unit block seemed to have electric dipole and as a result induces large flexoelectric polarization due to its asymmetric shape and shows fast switching to the electric field. The unit blocks are oriented in a helical fashion in the cell with large gap (${\sim}5{\mu}m$) and shows selective reflection property. In the thin cell (${\sim}2{\mu}m$), the unit blocks are aligned homeotropically on the bare ITO substrate with no surface treatment and shows fast decaying time.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2000년도 제1회 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.25-26
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• 2000

This paper deals with the effect of the thickness of R,G and B phosphor on the electrical and optical characteristics in the reflective type AC PDP. By analyzing various parameters, such as addressing voltage, surface discharge voltage, luminance and luminous efficiency, the optimum value of the phosphor thickness is 50 ${\mu}m$ under the condition of 150 ${\mu}m$ barrier rib height.