• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.191-198
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• 1995

In order to evaluate the distribution and behaviour of atmospheric particulate metals in high-altitude area, we collected 22 aerosol samples using a high volume air sampler at Soback Mt. Meteorological Observation Station from Jan. to Nov. 1993 and analysed for metals (Al, Fe, Mg, Na, Ca, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb) with ICP/AES and ICP/MS. Although sampling site is located in high-altitude and far from local sources of atmospheric pollutants, enrichments of metals are 2 times higher than those of western coastal reural area. This fact may imply that of metallic pollutants in the coastal rural site were came from further western side (e.g. China), atmospheric metals in this study area contain the signal of metropolitan cities located in the main wind direction (NNW). Sea salts are negligible in the aerosol particle population because reference elements of sea salts (Na, Mg) are all originated from soil particles. The contents of soil particles in aerosols are highest in spring and lowest in winter. Atmospheric enriched elements (Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) are diluted with soil particles, especially during the yellow sand period. The results of factor analysis suggest possibility of interpreting their chemical significance in terms of sources (soil, pollutants) and gas-particle conversion processes (formation of ammonium sulfates, ammonium nitrates and/or their mixtures).

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.144-150
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• 1988

Higher Fungi were collected in Mt. Jiri National Park areas from May, 1986 to October, 1987. These higher fungi were identified. As a result of identification, Cystoderma granulosum(Fr.)Fayod, Melanoleuca verrucipes(Fr.)Sing., lnocybe mixtilis(Britz)Sacc., Cor­tinarius pholideus(Fr.)Fr., Lactarius uvidus var. uvidus Hesler & Smith, L. vellereus var. vellereus Hesler & Smith and Boletellus ananas(Cur.)Murr. were newly recorded in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 1983

The community structure and dynamic succession of forest were determinated on the quadrat plot selected randomly at the Mt. Bomun. The polt size was $5{\times}5m$, and analysis of vegetation was adapted reciprocal averaging (RA) ordination method. 1. The numbers of shrub species were 45, and dominant species were Quercus aliena, Quercus serraia, and Rhododendron mucronulatum. 2. The succession of shrub stratum was determined through RA ordination method. It was assumed thet there were two main succession types: the one from Zanthoxylum community through Spiraea- Rubus community to Quercus community and the other from Stephanandra-Corylus community through Lespedeza community to Quercus community.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.1227-1233
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• 2003

To investigate the flora of wetland at Mt. II-Kwang, the helophyte of the mountain was examined. The flora observed was classified into 2 phyla, 15 families, 27 genera, and 34 species. Representative species at the wetland were Drosera rotundifolia, Utricularia racemosa, Utricularia bifida, Eriocaulon miquelianum, and Eleocharis attenuata var. laeviseta. In the lower part of the wetland, water was abundant and soil surface layer was thin, and Eriocaulon miquelianum-Carex canescens-Drosera rotundifolia, community were developed. On the other hand, in the upper part of the wetland, water was not abundant and soil surface layer was thick, and Agrostis clavata-Phragmiles japonica community were community were developed. Utricularia bifida and Utricularia yakusimensis were growing abundantly at this wetland, but Utricularia racemasa was few in number and narrow in the distribution area. Eriocaulon miquelianum, a Korean endemic plant, was observed, and Habenaria linearifolia, Spiranthes amoena, and Epipactis thunbergii, the CITES plant, were observed at this wetland. Insectivorous plant such as Drosera rotundifolia, Utricularia racemosa, Utricularia bifida, and Utricularia yakusimensis were also observed.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.56-70
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• 2018

This study was carried out to investigate the vascular plants of Mt. Bulmyeongsan in Jeollabuk-do from April 2015 to October 2016. The vascular plants were summarized as 433 taxa, including 100 families, 290 genera, 382 species, 4 subspecies, 38 varieties and 9 forms. Among the investigated 433 taxa, 5 Korean endemic plants and 4 rare and endangered plants were included. The floristic regional indicator plants found in this area were 1 taxa of grade IV, 10 taxa of grade III, 3 taxa of grade II and 19 taxa of grade I. Naturalized plants consisted of 28 taxa that made up 6.5% of the total vascular plants in this area.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.507-521
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• 2017

This study was carried out to the vascular plants in Mt. Danseok (827 m) District, Gyeongju National Park and provide a basic data for the conservation and management of natural resources. The vascular plants were surveyed from May 2011 to October 2016. The flora on Mt. Danseok District was classified as follows. Based on voucher specimens, the flora of this site consisted of 97 families, 331 genera, 489 species, 4 subspecies, 48 varieties and 11 forms. The 11 taxa of rare plants and 14 taxa of Korean endemic plants were investigated. The specific plants by floristic region found in this site 50 taxa comprising 1 taxa of grade V, 5 taxa of grade VI, 8 taxa of grade III, 12 taxa of grade II and 24 taxa of grade I. The 37 taxa of naturalized plants and 2 taxa of invasive alien plants were investigated.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.575-589
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to provide the baseline data for conservation and management of the ecosystem of Gyeongju National Park by surveying and analysing the vascular plants distributed in Mt. Manhongbong (522 m). The vascular plants were surveyed form May 2012 to August 2017. The vascular plants on this site was classified as follow. Based on voucher specimens, the vascular plants of this site consisted of 91 families, 292 genera, 397 species, 4 subspecies, 48 varieties and 8 forms. The 2 taxa of threatened species, 11 taxa of rare plants and 14 taxa of Korean endemic plants were investigated. The specific plants by floristic region were totally 39 taxa, which were 3 taxa of grade V, 5 taxa of grade IV, 2 taxa of grade III, 11 taxa of grade II and 18 taxa of grade I. The naturalized plants were identified as 33 taxa and the percentage of naturalized index (NI) was 7.2%, and urbanized index (UI) was 10.3%, respectively. The invasive alien plants were 2 taxa, such as Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and Aster pilosus Willd.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.8-18
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• 2002

This research was conducted to establish the conservation strategy of stream water quality by analyzing the factors influenced on stream water quality in the northeastern part of Mt. Bughansan National Park from July 1998 to October 2001. The number of visitors resulted in the significant increase of electrical conductivity, which affected on pollution of the stream water quality. According to the multiple regression analysis, the pH of the stream water was related to dissolved oxygen and temperature of water at the 1% significant level. The electrical conductivity of the stream water was related to number of visitors, amount of $K^+$ and ${NO_3}^-$, total amount of ions, percentages of $Cl^-$ and $Na^+$ caused by solifluction soil at the 1% significant level. The anions($Cl^-$, ${NO_3}^-$ and ${SO_4}^{2-}$) of the stream water were related to number of visitors, electrical conductivity, air temperature, hardness, amount of ${NO_3}^-$, ${SO_4}^{2-}$, total ions, percentage of $Cl^-$, ${NO_3}^-$, ${SO_4}^{2-}$, amount of $Ca^{2+}$ caused by solifluction soil at the 1% significant level. To prevent the pollution of stream water in the northeastern part of Mt. Bughansan National Park, it is recommended that the number of visitors in the park should be managed and rehabilitated rapidly by measure to eco-friendly during the spring season.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.101-109
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• 2009

There are increasing needs about creation and sustainable management of urban forest for environmental conservation and recreational service for citizen. However, it is difficult for local governments to create or manage urban forest in recreational or conservational way. The purpose of this study is to classify the urban forest types by considering its geographical feature, biological and sociological characteristics in order to suggest a guide to local governments about effective creation or management of urban forest. In this study, we extracted common characteristics of the selected five indicators. Factors about urban forest are divided into two groups. Factors were named according to the variables as 'Urban Forest Naturalness', and 'High Accessibility and Disturbed by Human.' In addition, we classified urban forests into four types in this study. The type I of urban forest is a large forest and has high naturalness such as Mt. Bukhan and Mt. Gwanak. The type II is fragmented to large forests by developmental projects. The type III is flat and has high accessibility such as forest behind Seonjeongneung. The type IV is located near residential area such as Mt. Ansan, Mt. Inwang and Mt. Bonghwa. It is possible to set up recreational area for citizens and ecological networks for species by the research of the urban forest type. The results of the study, classification of urban forest types and its application, contribute to provide a guide for local governments to create or manage urban forests effectively.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.235-242
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• 1995

The nucleotide sequence variation of mitochondria1 DNA were investigated by eight restriction endonucleases from two oyster species, Crassostrea gigas collected from two localities of South Korea and one locality of Japan and C. nippona collected from one locality of South Korea. The total mtDNA size in the oyster, C. gigas, from the three localities was approximately 18 kb and that in C. nippona was 22 kb. The restriction fragment patterns of mtDNA in C. gigas from the three localities by BamHI, BgII, and XhoI digestions were identical to one another. The degree of mtDNA sequence divergence of C. gigas between the two localities in Korea was 2% and that between Korean and Japanese C. gigas was 5%. The amount of sequence divergence between the two species of oysters was 42%.