• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.413-421
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• 2022

This study was conducted to identify the vegetation structure of the Abies nephrolepis forests by analyzing species composition in Mt. Doota and Mt. Cheongok in the Gangwon region with the phytosociological method. In order to perform a field investigation, 18 survey areas with an area of about 400 m2 were set up for the stands where A. nephrolepis grow wild. Communities were classified through TWINSPAN and visualized using DCA (Detrended Correspondence Analysis). Species diversity analysis, importance value analysis, and DBH class analysis were employed to identify the characteristics of each community. As a result, the A. nephrolepis forests in Mt. Doota and Mt. Cheongok have been classified into 4 communities; GroupI, II, III and IV. GroupIis Quercus mongolica-A. nephrolepis competitive forest dominated by Q. mongolica and A. nephrolepis in the order. Group II is A. nephrolepis-Betula ermanii competitive forest dominated by A. nephrolepis, Sorbus commixta, and B. ermanii in the order. Group III is dominated by A. nephrolepis, but is expected to have competition between A. nephrolepis and Q. mongolica in the future due to the mass occurrence of Q. mongolica saplings. A. nephrolepis, S. commixta, and Q. mongolica are the dominant species in Group IV, and A. nephrolepis is the major dominant species in all layers. The species diversity of the A. nephrolepis forests in Mt. Doota and Mt. Cheongok is lower than other A. nephrolepis forests in Mt. Seorak, Maruguem, and Mt. Odae. It is necessary to establish conservation measures and to continuously monitor the A. nephrolepis forests in Mt. Doota and Mt. Cheongokis due to the harsh environment and the competition that may occur between A. nephrolepis and deciduous trees such as Q. mongolica in the future.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.1319-1328
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• 2011

Rhododendron brachycarpum is a evergreen broad-leaved shrub and belongs to the Ericaceae family and the Rhododendron genus. It is well known for its beautiful leaves and flowers. There are 11 species of the Rhododendron genus in Korea. It includes 3 species - Rhododendron brachycarpum, Rhododendron aureum Georgi and Rhododendron brachycarpum var. roseum Koidz. They grow naturally over 1,000 meters above sea level of the Baekdu Mountain Range in Korea. These habitats, according to investigations of 9 Rhododendron brachycarpum natural habitats, are mostly located on the slope of mountains facing north at an altitude of 1,200 m to 1,526 m above sea level with angle of inclination from 30 degrees to 45 degrees. Based on the result of vegetation analysis of dominance species in the quadrates, there are Quercus aliena, Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb, Abies holophylla in species of upper trees, and so on. Dominant species of woody plants in tree layer are Quercus aliena, Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb, Abies holophylla, Betula platyphylla and Veeatrum patulum Loes. fil, Erythronium japonicum, Dryopteris crassirhizoma, Paeonia japonica var. glabra Makino are founded in herbaceous plants. And we can see another result of the investigation that the flowering rates of the plants with the buds are highly ranked mountains such as Mt. Hambaek 68%, Mt. Gyebang 40%, Mt. Yagksu 9%, Mt. Gaein 7% and Mt. Seolag 0%. The results show that there are 24 over 15-year-old Rhododendron brachycarpums in Mt. Odae and are 56 under 15-year-old trees in Mt. Hambaek and are no trees in Mt. Gyebang and are 9 over 30-year-dead trees only in Mt. Taebaeg. Out of found trees, the highest tree is 7 m in height and 0.6 m in diameter. Also this result shows what are the vulnerability factors of the natural habitats. They are as follows: indiscriminate trails in mountains, damages by mountain climbers, uncareful plant collecting, the fierce competitions with other plants such as Acer pseudosieboldianum var. ishidoyanum Uyeki, Quercus aliena, Celastrus orbiculatus and damages by disease and insect, unusual temperature in natural habitats, etc. Rhododendron brachycarpums have high ornamental value and excellent pharmaceutical effect. But the areas of its habitats decrease dramatically. So we need measures to protect and their natural habitats. It is necessary that we conductfurther investigations to designate conservation area for Rhododendron brachycarpums.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.126-128
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• 1997

Blasticotoma filiceti pacifica Malaise, 1931, os recognized from Korea based on a female specimen collected at Mt. Odae-san, Kangwon-do, This is the first record of the family Blasticotomidae from Korea.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.251-254
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• 1993

The anthocyanin isolated from the petals of Erythronium japonicum was elucidated as delphinidin 3-rutinoside on the basis of PPC and UV spectral evidences. To evaluate phytochemical and botanical utilization of this plant, the quantitative analysis of anthocyanin content was carried out by using the visible absorption spectra at 540nm. By the results of our experiment, it was found that the anthocyanin content of petals collected from the summit of Mt. Odae are higher than that of the lowest region. However, there is no significant difference between the anthocyanin contents of the petals collected from the east- and west-side area of the mountain.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.374.2-374.2
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• 2002

Siegesbeckia pubesence (Cempesitae). a perenial herb, is widely distributed in our country and has been used for rheumaic arthritis, hypertension, malaria. neurasthnia and snake-bite in traditional Chinese medicine. On reviewing the literatures of this plant. diterpenoids and alkaloids were isolated and some pharmacological activities were investigated. As part of our systematic study fer Korean Compositae plants, we have investigated Siegesbeckia pubesence (7kg), cellected from Mt. Odae on Aug. 2001. (omitted)

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.86 no.2
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• pp.214-222
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• 1997

Employing the relev$\acute{e}$ method of Muller-Dombois & Ellenberg and Braun-Blanquet, 100 plots were sampled in the Quercus mongolica community of Mt. Odae, Mt. Chumbong and Mt. Jungwang in Kangwon-do. To analyze the data, phytosociological method and TWINSPAN were used. 1. Quercus mongolica forests were recognized as Quercus mongolica-Acer pseudosieboldianum community group, and were classified into Quercus mongolica-Carpinus cordata community, Quercus mongolica-Acer pseudosieboldianum typical community, Quercus mongolica-Lespedeza maximocoiczii community and Quercus mongolica-Abies nephrolepis community by phytosociological method. Quercus mongolica-Carpinus cordata community was subdivided into Acer mandshuricum subcommunity and typical subcommunity. 2. According to the classification of TWINSPAN, it was categorized into five groups, such as Quercus mongolica-Acer mandshuricum community, Quercus mongolica-Carpinus cordata community, Quercus mongolica-Acer pseudosieboldianum community, Quercus mongolica-Lindera obtusiloba community, and Quercus mongolica-Abies nephrolepis community. 3. Since the results of phytosociological community classification, which identify five groups of the community, were consistent with that of TWINSPAN, it proved that these two methods could be complement when one do a community classification.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.160-165
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• 1997

The objective of this study was to analyze dominance-diversity of Quercus mongolica community which characterize the boreal-temperate deciduous forest in Korea. Employing the releve method of Muller-Domboes and Ellenberg, 100 quadrats were sampled in the natural forest of Mt. Odae, Mt. Chumbong and Mt. Jungwang in Kangwon-do, where Quercus mongolica community is in the situation of climax or subclimax. On the basis of Braun-Blanquet method, field survey, which accounts ffor the characters of the species structure of Quercus mongolica community, was carried out between 1991 and 1994. Quercus mongolica community was relatively in a stable condition because of the even distribution of its various indices: the species diversity index was 0.4~1.2; the species richness index was 2~11; the evenness index was 0.6~0.9. The dominance-diversity curve were comparatively of lognormal distrivution with a gentle slope in all communities. The species sewuence curve for Quercus mongolica - Lindera obtusiloba community had relatively a steep slope, which meant that the evenness of the community would be low. The species sequence curve for Quercus mongolica - Carpinus cordata community had a slow slope, which meant that the evenness and the stability of the community would be high.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.87 no.3
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• pp.459-465
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• 1998

To obtain the basic data for the conservation and cultivation of native herb species under the forest, the relations between distribution of native herb species and site factors, distribution of native herb species, and site factors were surveyed on natural forest at subalpine zone in Mt. Odae. Ainsliaea acerifolia, Pseudostellaria palibiniana and Pimpinedla brachycarpa were distributed mainly on broadleaved mixed forest, Clematis fusca var. coreana, Carex siderosticta. Isodon excisus and Vicia unijuga did mainly on gab sites. The distribution of Ligularia fisheri, Aconitum pseudo-laeve var. erectum, Cacalia hastata and Artemisia stolonifera were significantly differed between slope directions. Artemisia stolonifera was distributed more frequently in south directed slope, and Ligularia fisheri, Aconitum pseudo-laeve var. erectum and Cacalia hastata were distributed more frequently in north and west directed slope than the other. The distribution of Aconitum pseudo-laeve var. erectum and Artemisia stolonifera were significantly differed between soil moisture conditions. Artemisia stolonifera was distributed mainly on the dry site, but Aconitum pseudo-laeve var. erectum did mainly on the dry site. Negative correlations between density of Clematis fusca var. coreana, Carex siderosticta. Isodon excises and Vicia unijuga and crown coverage was proved. Aconitum pseudo-laeve var. erectum, Pimpinella brachycarpa, Meehania urticifolia, Smilacina japonica and Pseudostellaria palibiniana were mainly distributed on wet and shady sites under forest canopy, but Pedicularis resupinata, Clematis fusca var. coreana and Artemisia stolonifera did on sunny sites at forest edge or gab.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.28-32
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• 2007

Fruiting bodies of Inonotus obliquus were collected from the trunk of Betula ermani at 1,100 m of Mt. Odae. Diameter range of the trees at breast height (DBH) was $10{\sim}50$ cm and size range of the sclerotia was $8{\times}5{\sim}20{\times}16cm$. Relationships between the examined strains and Inonotus obliquus strain registered in National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) were very near. And all of 10 strains except strains registered in NCBI showed high homologous characteristics by neighbour joining analysis of ITS sequence. Mycelial growth showed a big difference among strains. Mycelial growth of KFRI 744 was fastest and KFRI 739 was slowest. Difference of mycelial growth between KFRI 735 and 738 was slight, but the difference of mycelial growth between KFRI 744 and 739 was almost twice. Also weight reduction rate among strains showed some difference. KFRI 744 was highest and KFRI 741 was lowest. Vegetative incompatibilities were observed in all mycelial pairings except for KFRI 740-741 and KFRI 742-743 combinations.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.102 no.3
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• pp.428-436
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• 2013

To obtain biological basic data for the conservation strategies establishment of a rare mistletoe species, Loranthus tanakae(Loranthaceae) in Korea, the distribution range, habitat characteristics and an assessment of the conservation status on the natural populations of L. tanakae were investigated. As a result, the natural populations of L. tanakae were distributed in Bakdudaegan from Mt. Chiri to Mt Seorak in Korea penninsula, and 97.8% of surveyed individuals of the mistletoe species were found in Gangwon province. In natural populations, 1,385 individuals of L. tanakae were parasitic on 480 host trees, and distributed in sunshiny ridges of mountains of altitude range of 353 m to 1,250 m. The range of host trees of L. tanakae were composed of 5 families, 6 genera, 9 species, 1 subspecies, and of these, Quercus mongolica was preferred with 81.5% (389 trees among 480 host trees). As a result of assessing the conservation status through IUCN, L. tanakae was evaluated as Vulnerable (VU). It was considered that Mt. Seorak, Mt. Taegi and Mt. Odae population as habitats with the highest density of distribution of natural populations of L. tanakae should be designated as the protected areas. Thus, conservation strategies and related methods of the natural populations of L. tanakae were also discussed for the sustainable conservation.