• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.583-590
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• 2016

본 논문은 강형식 기반의 MLS 차분법에 Rayleigh 감쇠효과를 적용한 동적균열진전 해석기법을 제시한다. Rayleigh 감쇠 효과가 반영된 동적 평형방정식과 구성방정식을 도출하고, MLS 미분근사식을 이용하여 지배방정식들을 이산화하였다. 평형방정식뿐만 아니라 구성방정식에서도 감쇠효과를 적절하게 고려하여 기존의 무요소 강정식화 기법에서 고려하지 못했던 비례감쇠 알고리즘을 구현하였다. 시간관련 항을 포함한 동적 평형방정식은 중앙차분법(central difference method)을 이용하여 시간적분 하였고, 속도에 대한 차분식을 lagging시켜 이산화 방정식을 간소화시켰다. 균열의 기하학적 특성은 표면력 '0'인 자연경계 조건을 균열면에 놓인 절점들에 부과하여 묘사하였으며, 균열성장으로 인해 해석단계마다 변하는 절점의 생성 및 이동 효과를 계방정식 구성에 반영하였다. 단일균열과 다중균열을 갖는 수치예제를 통해서 제안된 수치기법의 정확성을 검증하였으며, 비례감쇠 효과의 고려가 동적균열진전 해석결과에 미치는 영향을 보였다.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.335-341
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 MLS기반 유한요소에 대한 현재 개발상황에 대한 개관과 향후 예상할 수 있는 응용분야에 대한 제안을 하였다. 이동최소제곱근사를 이용하여 형상함수를 생성하는 MLS기반 유한요소는, 요소의 경계에서 기존 유한요소의 성질-크로네커 델타 조건-을 가지면서도 기존 요소가 갖지 못했던 임의의 절점 추가가 자유롭다는 장점이 있어 다양한 변절점 요소로의 개발이 이루어져 왔다. 선형 또는 이차형상함수를 갖는 2차원 변절점요소 뿐 아니라, 균열선단과 균열면을 포함하고 있는 2차원 균열요소와 3차원에서의 제한적인 변절점요소 등이 개발되어 다양한 불연속성 문제에 적용 가능함이 입증되었다. 이러한 MLS기반 유한요소는 향후 2차원 변절점 3각요소, 2차원 삼각균열요소, 변절점 쉘요소, 균열 쉘요소, 마칭큐브알고리즘에 적합한 3차원 다면체요소로의 개발이 가능할 것으로 예상되며, 본 논문에서는 그 일례로 3차원 다면체요소를 이용한 대퇴골의 요소망 생성을 보였다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.877-880
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• 2009

A curing process in post-printing section of R2R process is required for an electrical property of the printed pattern when devices such as RFID, Solar cell are printed. PEN as well as heat-stabilized PET which is used as a plastic substrate would be deformed at high temperature due to change of its elastic modulus. And crack in the printed pattern, which is on the plastic substrate is occurred due to the deformation of the substrate. The occurrence of crack causes electrical resistance to increase and the quality of the device to deteriorate. In case of RFID antenna, the range of reading distance is shortened as the electrical resistance of the antenna is increased. Therefore, the deformation of the plastic substrate, which causes the occurrence of crack, should be minimized by setting up low operating tension in R2R process. In low tension, slippage between a moving substrate and a roller would be generated when the operating speed is increased. And scratch would be occurred when slippage is generated due to an air entrainment, which is related to the thickness of the air film. The thickness of the air film is increased when operating speed is increased as shown by simulation based on mathematical model. The occurrence of scratch in conductive pattern printed by roll to roll process is a critical damage because it causes degradation or failure of electrical property of it.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.577-588
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• 2011

본 논문은 복합 불연속면을 갖는 포텐셜 문제의 해석을 위해 확장된 MLS(Moving Least Squares) 차분법을 제시한다. 계면경계를 따라 해(solution)와 수직방향, 접선방향 미분들이 모두 불연속 특이성을 나타내는 복합 불연속면을 묘사하기 위해 계단함수, 쐐기함수, 가위함수와 같은 불연속 특이함수를 추가하여 기존의 MLS 차분법을 개선했다. 계면경계조건은 기지의 조건으로서 지배방정식의 이산화과정에서 추가의 미지계수를 발생시키지 않는다. 포아송 방정식 형태의 지배미분 방정식을 풀기 위해 내부영역과 경계에 절점을 배치하고 차분식을 구성한다. 차분식을 조립한 계 방정식을 직접 풀기 때문에 계산효율성이 매우 우수하다. 수치예제는 제시된 해석기법의 우수성을 잘 보여주며, 균열전파, 이동경계, 상호작용 문제 등 다양한 불연속 문제로의 확장이 기대된다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제75권1호
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• pp.19-32
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• 2020

Due to repetitive traffic loadings and environmental attacks, reinforced concrete (RC) bridge deck slabs are suffering from severe degradation, which makes structural repairing an urgency. In this study, the fatigue performance of an RC bridge deck repairing technique using ultra-high performance fiber reinforcement concrete (UHPFRC) overlay is assessed experimentally with a wheel-type loading set-up as well as analytically based on finite element method (FEM) using a crack bridging degradation concept. In both approaches, an original RC slab is firstly preloaded to achieve a partly damaged RC slab which is then repaired with UHPFRC overlay and reloaded. The results indicate that the developed analytical method can predict the experimental fatigue behaviors including displacement evolutions and crack patterns reasonably well. In addition, as the shear stress in the concrete/UHPFRC interface stays relatively low over the calculations, this interface can be simply simulated as perfect. Moreover, superior to the experiments, the numerical method provides fatigue behaviors of not only the repaired but also the unrepaired RC slabs. Due to the high strengths and cracking resistance of UHPFRC, the repaired slab exhibited a decelerated deterioration rate and an extended fatigue life compared with the unrepaired slab. Therefore, the proposed repairing scheme can afford significant strengthen effects and act as a reference for future practices and engineering applications.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2017

The fatigue fracture of studs is the main reason for failure of composite beams based on massive engineering practices. Hence, studying the laws of cracks initiation and propagation are of great directive significance. eXtended Finite Element Method (XFEM) is an effective method in solving moving discontinuous problems in recent years. This paper extends our recent work on the fatigue damage analysis of stud shear connectors in the steel and crumble rubber concrete (RRFC) composite beams based on XFEM. The process of crack initiation to failure of the stud is simulated and an effective calculation criteria for the fatigue life of the composite beams is put forward. After the reliability of the numerical analysis is verified based on tests results, the extensive parametric study is conducted concerning effects of different rubber contents, shear connection degrees and the stress amplitudes. Results show that with the increasing rubber contents and shear connection degrees, the fatigue lives of composite beams increase obviously. Furthermore, the relationship between the fatigue life of the stud at the edge of the shear span and the whole composite beams is studied. Finally, the S-N curves of the single stud and the whole composite beams are put forward based on XFEM.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.199-216
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• 2016

A large number of bridges were built several decades ago, and most of which have gradually suffered serious deteriorations or damage due to the increasing traffic loads, environmental effects, and inadequate maintenance. However, very few studies were conducted to investigate the vibration behaviors of a damaged bridge under moving vehicles. In this paper, the vibration behaviors of such vehicle-bridge system are investigated in details, in which the effects of the concrete cracks and bridge surface roughness are particularly considered. Specifically, two vehicle models are introduced, i.e., a simplified four degree-of-freedoms (DOFs) vehicle model and a more complex seven DOFs vehicle model, respectively. The bridges are modeled in two types, including a single-span uniform beam and a full scale reinforced concrete high-pier bridge, respectively. The crack zone in the reinforced concrete bridge is considered by a damage function. The bridge and vehicle coupled equations are established by combining the equations of motion of both the bridge and vehicles using the displacement relationship and interaction force relationship at the contact points between the tires and bridge. The numerical simulations and verifications show that the proposed modeling method can rationally simulate the vibration behaviors of the damaged bridge under moving vehicles; the effect of cracks on the impact factors is very small and can be neglected for the bridge with none roughness, however, the effect of cracks on the impact factors is very significant and cannot be neglected for the bridge with roughness.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 추계 학술발표회 제20권2호
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• pp.5-8
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 고강도철근콘크리트 보-기둥 접합부의 고성능화 기술 즉 콘크리트의 고강도화, 접합부 영역의 손상을 최소화하고 보의 소성힌지를 보의 내측으로 완전히 이동함과 동시에 내진성능을 향상시키는 고성능 설계상세 기술 및 고인성섬유 복합모르타르을 도입한 시험체를 제작하고 실험을 수행하여 이력거동을 평가하였다. ${\blacksquare}$ 철근콘크리트 보-기둥 접합부의 내진성능을 향상시키고, 보-기둥 접합면에 인접하여 발생하는 소성힌지를 보의 내측으로 이동시킬 목적으로 새로운 접합부 설계상세를 도입한 정착형 중간철근(1.5d)과 이중폐쇄스터럽 보강 시험체(HJCI)는 소성힌지의 이동은 물론 내진성능이 현저히 개선 되었다. ${\blacksquare}$ 철근콘크리트 보-기둥 접합부의 철근배근 및 콘크리트 밀실타설의 문제점을 해소하고 기둥의 띠철근 및 보의 스터럽을 고인성섬유 복합모르타르(HDFRM)로 대체한 실험체 (HJRP)의 경우 안정적인 이력거동, 충분한 내력확보 및 만족스런 파괴형태를 나타내었다.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2006년도 정기 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.82-88
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• 2006

In People usually think that smart materials and smart structures have not been developed until recent years. But those kinds of sensors have already been used for sensing damage in a variety of materials and structures. Two typical examples are piezoelectric materials (e.g., PZT) and electric strain gauges. Load cell is an example that utilizes the piezoelectric property to measure the change in physical quantities occurred by applied loads, while strain gauges are used to measure the deformation of compressive and tension members. The feasibility of using smart materials is realized for a monitoring technology when those sensors are used to monitor damages at inside or outsider of the structures. In this study, a fundamental study on the development of self diagnostic smart concrete using PZT, and unsaturated polyester electric resistance sensor.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.497-504
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• 2009

DLC is considered as the candidate material for application of moving parts in automotive components relatively in high pressure and temperature operating conditions for its high hardness with self lubrication and chemical inertness. Different deposition method such as arc plating, ion gun plating and PECVD were used for comparing mechanical and tribological properties of each DLCs deposited on stainless steel with 1 um thick respectively. Among these 3 types of DLCs, the arc plated DLC film showed highest value for wear resistance in dry condition. From the results of analysis for physical properties of DLC films, it seems that the adhesion force and crack initiation modes were more important factors than intrinsic mechanical properties such as hardness, elastic modulus and/or roughness to the wear resistance of DLC films. Raman spectroscopy was used for understanding chemical bonding natures of each type of DLC films. Typical D and G peaks were identified based on the deposition method. Hardness of the coating layers were identified by nanoindentation method and the adhesions were checked by scratch method.