• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.147-153
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• 1994

The purpose of this study were to describe the movement pattern used to rise from supine to erect stance and to evaluate the influence gender might have on the movement patterns used for rising. Fifty males and fifty-three females, mean 14 years of age, performed the rising task while being videotaped. Movement patterns were classified using categorical descriptions of the action of three body regions; the upper extremities, lower extremities, and head-trunk region. The most common pattern of males and females were symmetrical push(upper extremity), symmetrical(head-trunk) and symmetrical squat(lower extremity). In the upper extremity component, a symmetrical reach to push pattern was new category. Eighteen of males and twenty-one of females different movement pattern combinations were observed. Results indicate physical therapists should consider the patient's age and gender.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.365-386
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• 2019

This study was based on the analysis of changes in curriculum of elementary mathematics curriculum, and changes in curriculum of middle school and high school mathematics curriculum. The purpose of this study is to analyze the movement of learning contents among the school levels based on the middle school mathematics curriculum and to summarize the influence on the curriculum of middle school mathematics according to the movement of learning contents. The research conducted according to the purpose of this study is as follows. First, we analyzed the trends of mathematical contents between elementary and middle schools after the movement of ten mathematics curriculums. Second, we analyzed trends of learning factors after mobility and mobility between middle school and high school. Third, the characteristics of 'the contents of mutual movement based on middle school' and 'the contents deleted from middle school' were analyzed. The results of this study are expected to reflect on current and past curriculum and to give meaningful implications to the composition of new curriculum.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.209-231
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• 2015

본 연구는 일상생활에서의 신문 읽기 및 NIE 활동이 체계화되고 활성화되기 위해서는 학교, 지방자치단체나 정부의 적극적인 참여와 협조가 필요하다는 전제 하에, 독서 운동과 NIE 활동 간의 연계 방안을 모색하고 활용하기 위한 방편으로 실시되었다. 이러한 연구 목적 달성을 위하여 문헌 연구와 조사 연구 등이 실시되었으며, 참고 자료를 통해서는 독서 운동과 NIE 활동의 개념, 문제점, 그리고 향후 독서 운동과 NIE 활동의 연계 방안에 도움을 줄 수 있는 시사점을 도출해 보았다. 독서 운동과 NIE 활동의 연계 방안은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 다양한 프로그램을 개발해야 한다. 둘째, 학습 자료를 개발해야 한다. 셋째, 온라인 자료 및 교육프로그램을 구축해야 한다. 넷째, 협력체계를 구축해야 한다. 다섯째, 연수 프로그램을 강화해야 한다. 여섯째, 홍보를 강화해야 한다. 이상과 같은 활성화 방안을 통한 지속적인 논의와 관심을 가지고 독서 운동과 연계한 프로그램이 개발 및 운영될 때 진정한 의미에서의 NIE 활동이 활성화 될 것이다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.724-732
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to obtain a basic data on layout of the trawlers' bridge equipment. The task activities of bridge workers involved in the navigation and fishing operation were analyzed by link analysis methods. The results are as follows. It was found that the movement pattern and frequency of bridge workers are different accordance with the bridge work (navigation, casting net, towing net and hauling net). The central workstation of movement of the bridge workers was a radar workstation, a steering workstation and a trawl winch workstation in the bridge work. But the radar did not show up as the center of movement during the hauling net. Workstations related deeply to the central workstations of the movement on the bridge were as below. Radar workstation was related to a GPS plotter, a microphone location for external communication with VHF and MF/HF equipment and a steering in the case of the navigation, the steering, the GPS plotter and the net monitor in the case of the fishing operation. Steering workstation was related deeply to the GPS plotter, the radar in the case of the navigation, a speed controller, the GPS plotter, a fish finder, the net monitor and the microphone location in the case of the fishing operation. Trawl winch workstation showed deep relation with the GPS plotter and the speed control during the fishing operation. Through this study, it was found that Workstations related deeply to the central workstation of the movement of the bridge workers in accordance with the bridge work. The results of this study might be utilized as the basic data on the bridge layout to minimize the fatigue degree due to a physical movement of the bridge workers.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.663-677
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• 1998

The development of Science and Technology and the social change require new paradigm in Education. In a traditional paradigm, learners have been regarded as a passive being and knowledge could be transmitted to learner. But within this paradigm, it is difficult to confront the social change and to develop problem solving skills in various context. This results in a new, alternative perspective, Constructive paradigm. As an alternative to the traditional settings, Constructive paradigm emphasizes the learner centered instruction. The reform movement in mathematics education including NCTM's standards revolves around this paradigm and the open education movement in our educational system is based on it. Open education values learner's interest, autonomy and internal motivation in learning. However, open education has been misunderstood by most of the teachers. It should be understood as the change of paradigm. In this study, as a way of helping students connect mathematics to their everyday lives and construct meaningful mathematical knowledge and concept, mathematical modelling is suggested. It consists of posing and specifying the real problem, formulation and constructing a mathematical model, analyzing and solving a mathematical problem. interpreting the solution and comparing with reality and communicating results. In this process, technology like computer can be a powerful tool. It can help students explore various problems more easily and concretely.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2019

최근 4차 산업혁명의 핵심 영역 중 하나로 메이커 운동(maker movement)이 떠오르고 있다. 메이커 운동은 오픈소스 소프트웨어 및 하드웨어, 3D 프린터, 레이저 커팅기 등 다양하고 저렴한 제작 도구를 이용하여 사용자가 필요한 물건을 직접 제작하고 공유하는 것이다. 메이커 교육을 초 중등(K-12) 수업에 적용할 때 디자인 사고를 기반으로 한다면 그 효과가 증진될 것으로 생각한다. 본 연구의 목적은 디자인 사고 기반 메이커 교육 프로그램을 개발하고 수업에 적용하여 초등학생의 창의적 문제해결력에 미치는 영향을 밝히는 것이다. 연구 내용을 검증하기 위해 초등학교 5~6학년 학생을 통제집단과 실험집단으로 나누고 통제집단에는 일반적인 강의식 메이커 수업을 적용하였고, 실험집단에는 개발된 디자인 사고 기반의 메이커 수업을 적용하였다. 창의적 문제해결력 검사를 사전, 사후 실시하였고, 통계적 t-검정을 이용하여 그 효과성을 검증하였다. 결론적으로 본 연구를 통해 디자인 사고 기반 메이커 교육 프로그램은 초등학생의 창의적 문제해결력에 긍정적인 영향이 있음을 밝혔다.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.95-105
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• 2001

Out-door learning activity in environmental education has been emphasized as an effective method in environmental education since the aims of environmental education emphasize students'value, attitude, actions as well as knowledge. In order to implement successfully out-door learning activity in environmental education classrooms, teachers'perceptions to environmental problems and experiences at fields are essential. An environmental education network among the metropolitan city and provincial office of education, nongovernmental organization of environmental movement and education and university was established and a teachers'in-service training program of out-door learning centered environmental education was implemented. The program was developed in order to 1) connect environmental education with the regional environmental situations, 2) provide teachers with opportunities to participate in an out-door learning program, and 3) train teachers to be environmental education leaders of out-door learning. For evaluation of the program, responses of participants to questionnaire were analyzed. Most of teachers responded that their perception of environment was changed positively after the participation in the program. This study suggested that a future planning of a teachers'in-service training program of out-door learning centered environmental education should be developed in considerations of arranging enough hours for out-door learning at regional environmental sites, applying performance assessment, providing teachers with multiple opportunities with programs in different levels including enriched programs, and establishing an environmental education network among nongovernmental organization of environment movement and education, university, and local offices and department of education.

• 기독교교육논총
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• 제72권
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• pp.341-366
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• 2022

연구 목적 : 한국 교회는 이 세상을 구원하시는 하나님의 일하심에 교육, 인권, 민주화, 통일 운동 같은 실천적 사회참여운동으로 동참해왔다. 하지만 질적 성장에 집착하고 교권체제 강화를 위해 기득권과 결탁한 모습을 보이기도 했다. 교회의 이기적이고 비윤리적인 모습에 대한 비판과 함께 교회의 신뢰성은 추락하였다. 이는 교회가 사회 속에서 책임 있게 그 공적 역할을 하지 못하였기 때문이다. 교회는 하나님 나라의 모델로서의 정체성을 상실한 것이다. 이제 교회는 이 정체성을 회복하는 것이 절박한 과제이고 이를 위해 교회 공동체의 일원인 그리스도인들이 스스로 교회를 개혁하고 사회 속에서 하나님의 구원활동에 책임 있게 참여하도록 양육하고 교육하는 것이 요청된다. 바로 이 논문은 하나님 나라를 위해 사회에 정치적 활동으로 책임 있게 참여한 에큐메니칼 운동의 깨달음에 기초하여 그리스도인들이 이 사회에 책임 있게 참여하는 것을 도울 수 있는 기독교 정치 교육의 과제를 모색하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구 내용 및 방법 : 이 논문은 주로 WCC에서 출판된 다양한 에큐메니칼 문서들을 활용하는데 먼저 WCC를 중심으로 사회 속에서 교회가 책임 다하기 위해 행한 정치적 활동들을 살펴봄으로서 이 세상 안에서의 교회의 책임 있는 역할을 모색한다. 더 나아가 이런 맥락에서 이루어진 기독교 교육적 논의를 통해 이 사회 속에서 그리스도인들로 하여금 그들에게 주어진 책임을 가지고 온전히 참여할 수 있는 교육적 시도를 규명한다. 이런 기독교 교육은 정치적인 행위이기도 하다. 이러한 과정을 통해서 에큐메니칼 운동에 기초한 사회적 공적 책임을 위한 기독교 정치 교육의 방향을 다음과 같이 제시한다. 첫째, 세상을 재발견하고 연대하는 교육, 둘째, 지속가능한 사회를 위한 정치적 책임을 촉구하는 교육, 셋째, 현실상황에 대한 문제 지향적 교육, 넷째, 정치적 참여를 통한 신앙과 삶의 일치를 추구하는 교육이다. 결론 및 제언 : 이 논문은 바로 에큐메니칼 운동에 기초한 기독교교육이 그리스도인들로 하여금 이 세상에 정치적 행위를 통해 책임 있게 참여함으로 하나님의 나라의 건설에 동참하도록 돕는 정치교육의 성격을 지니고 있음을 제시한다. 이러한 기독교 정치교육이 교육현장 속에서 구체화되도록 다양한 커리큘럼의 개발이 시급히 요청된다.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.407-415
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of kindergarten's factors on athletic movement ability in early childhood. The factors included teacher's perception of athletic movement, length of time for physical activity, and number of athletic facilities in the kindergarten. The subjects consisted of 551 children aged from four to five years in 8 private kindergartens. The instruments used for this study were the obstacle course of Project Spectrum for measuring athletic movement ability, and the questionnaire to investigate the teacher's perception, length of time for physical activity, and number of athletic facilities in the kindergarten. The data from all the tests were analyzed by correlation and regression analyses. The results of this study exhibited that the length of time for physical activity was the most important factor among three factors, and the teachers' perception of athletic movement and the number of athletic facilities in the kindergarten were also deciding factors for the children's athletic movement ability.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.74-79
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• 2015

This study investigated the tongue movement during prey capture by Rana nigromaculata and the location of the frenulum linguae, which effects tongue movement. The tongue of R. nigromaculata are elliptical at the anterior and concave U-shaped at the posterior. The location of the frenulum linguae of R. nigromaculata is located at the front of the submentalis. This is due to the location of the frenulum linguae, which has significantly effects the movement and the expandability of the tongue. In terms of mobility, the tongue of R. nigromaculata and the expandability of the frenulum linguae allow the tongue to increase in length two or more times compared to immobile tongue in the other species. The time required until the swallowing movement after looking at and capturing the prey was 0.692000 seconds. Filming prey capture with a high speed camera showed that the rear part of the U-shaped tongue captures the prey with an appearance of stretching out longer to the front of tongue and turning in a reverse direction to bring the prey to the mouth.