• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.53-65
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the intensity and types of discomfort caused by an endotracheal tube in patients during ventilator therapy after cardiac surgery, and to analyze the differences in the intensity and types of discomfort by sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and characteristics related to endotracheal tubes. Methods: The intensity of discomfort was measured using an 11-point numeric rating scale and the types of discomfort were measured using a 4-point numeric rating scale. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and characteristics related to endotracheal tube were collected by observation and the electronic medical chart using a structured questionnaire. Results: The mean intensity of discomfort in patients due to endotracheal tubes was 6,91 points, 84% of patients reported discomfort over 5 points, The most severe discomfort was pain during endotracheal suctioning, and dry mouth and breathing difficulties were also found to induce discomfort. Patients who had more severe surgical site pain, longer duration of intubation and higher cuff pressure demonstrated more severe discomfort due to the endotracheal tube. Conclusion: These results can be used as basic data for developing nursing intervention to relieve the discomfort caused by endotracheal tubes in patients during ventilator therapy.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.17-21
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• 2004

Nasal congestion is one of the most common symptoms of medical complaints. Snoring is caused by vibration of the uvula and the soft palate. Nasal obstruction may contribute not only to snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) but also impair application of continuous nasal positive airway pressure (CPAP), which is the most widely employed treatment for OSA. Total or near-total nasal obstruction leads to mouth breathing and has been shown to cause increased airway resistance. However, the exact role of the nasal airway in the pathogenesis of OSA is not clear and there is no consensus about the role of nasal obstruction in snoring and sleep apnea. Some reports have failed to demonstrate any correlation between snoring and nasal obstruction. On the other hand, opposing reports suggest that nasal disease may cause sleep disorders and that snoring can be improved after nasoseptal surgery. Reduced cross-sectional area causes increased nasal resistance and predisposes the patient to inspiratory collapse of the oropharynx, hypopharynx, or both. Discrete abnormalities of the nasal airway, such as septal deformities, nasal polyps, and choanal atresia and with certain mucosal conditions such as sinusitis, allergic rhinitis and inferior turbinate hypertrophy can cause snoring or OSA. Thus, these sources of nasal obstruction should be corrected medically or surgically for the effective management of OSA and adjunctive for CPAP.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.398-408
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• 2011

This study shows that the self-satisfaction individually is rising and social life is attracted effective and successful in image making field by structuring the facial image improvement program through experimental study in order to improve unbalance of women's face. Experiment is conducted by electing 3 samples for 12 weeks and analyzing the measurement and visual analysis, infrared thermography, and evaluation of experts in order to check the facial unbalance. Subject 1 had the effect at approximately in 4 weeks with the severely distorted chin line and mouth appendage. The facial outline became softer to turn entire image to be softer and more feminine. Subject 2 had the severe distortion of location and size of eyes and nose. But the skin was getting better at first, followed by eyes getting clearer with the location changed in left and right. Subject 3 had the twisted nose and lower chin, but after two weeks, the eye area and skin were better and the width of left and right chin was similarly changed. On the basis of the above research result, the program to effectively improve the image was structured and presented with the resolution of facial unbalance. Program is consist of the training of breathing method, face washing method, facial muscle exercise.

• 한국자연치유학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.62-70
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• 2020

목적: 본 연구는 자폐증세(장애등급2~3급) 대상자 10명과 2년 가까이 63회(126시간)을 함께하며 Body-EU 교육프로그램에 따라서 교육한 후에 변화를 조사하는 것이 목적이었다. 방법: 바디유 습관실습, 노트 쓰기, 토론, 노래 부르기, 성경공부, 질문 및 소통, 수업 정리 등으로 매주 2시간씩 총 63회를 교육하였다. 결과: 대상자들은 호흡이 편해지고 기력이 좋아졌다. 팔자걸음 및 등을 구부리고 걷는 습관을 개선되었다. 말하기가 편해져 말할 때 힘이 안 든다. 호흡할 때 코막힘이 개선되었고, 안구가 시원해졌고, 시력도 향상된 기분이고, 손발이 따스해졌다. 머리가 청소된 기분이다. 심장 답답함이 없어졌다. 자신감이 생기면서 마음이 편해진 기분이다. 상대가 누구든 눈을 보는 자신감이 생겼다. 기면증이 완화되었다. 발음이 정교해져 자신감이 생겼다. 입의 히죽 현상이 완화되었다. 안구운동이 잘되는 대상자들은 비교적 교육시간에 집중력이 높게 나타났다. 결론: 대상자들이 아침부터 잠자리에 들기까지 몸의 전반적 습관 방법을 교육받았다. 본 연구는 정상인을 위한 연구프로그램이었으나 자폐증이있는 육체적 정상인에게도 신체와 의식의 개선이 가능하다고 판단하였다. 선천적 자폐증이든, 후천성 자폐증이든 다소 완화할 수 있다는 기초자료라 생각한다.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2013

T4K는 혼합치열기의 2급 부정교합 환자에게 사용되는 기능성, 가철성 교정장치이다. 기능성 교정장치의 경우 치열과 악골의 성장에 영향을 주는 구강안면부의 근육의 부조화를 개선시키는 역할을 한다. T4K에 포함된 lip bumper는 과도한 하순의 힘을 차단하여 주고, 하순 내측 전정을 자극하는 요소가 포함되어 있다. 부적절한 혀의 위치를 교정할 수 있는 요소는 환자들이 장치를 장착하는 동안 부가적인 혀 운동을 할 필요성을 감소시킨다. 2급 부정교합 환자의 경우 하악 열성장을 동반하는 경우가 대부분을 차지한다. 이 장치는 상악 치아를 고정원으로 하여, 하악을 전방으로 성장할 수 있도록 자극하여 부족한 하악 성장을 촉진하는 역할을 하고 있다. 이와 함께 부가적으로 Labial bow와 같은 역할을 하는 요소는 상악 치열의 개선에 도움을 준다. T4K는 기성품으로 작은 부피와 부드러운 질감으로 어린 환자들의 장착 동의율을 높이는 데 장점을 가진다. 원광대학교 치과대학 산본치과병원 소아치과에 내원한 혼합치열기의 2급 부정교합 환자에서 만족스러운 결과를 얻었기에 이를 보고하는 바이다. 요약 1. T4K를 혼합치열기의 2급 부정교합 환자에게 사용하여 안모의 개선을 얻었다. 2. 과도한 수직, 수평 피개교합이 개선되었다. 3. 하악 열성장 환자에서 T4K를 장착하여 하악 성장을 촉진하는 결과를 얻었다. 4. 구호흡 등과 같은 구강악습관의 개선을 얻었다.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.14-18
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• 2009

Purpose: Nasal packing materials are almost inserted at the end stage of closed reduction of nasal bone for postoperative bleeding control and stabilization of nasal bone. Conventionally, vaseline gauze was used for packing of nasal cavity. These days, Surgeons have tried to apply $Merocel^{(R)}$ into the nasal cavity more easily. It is difficult for patients to continue keeping the nasal packs for more than a week due to breathing difficulty. Moreover, nasal packing itself can also cause headache, dry mouth, stuffiness, etc. Methods: We performed a prospective study from March 1, 2008 to July 31, 2008. One hundred patients were divided into "$Merocel^{(R)}$ packing group" and "$Merocel^{(R)}$ and Airway Tube $Merocel^{(R)}$ packing group". Using two kinds of materials to each group after closed reduction, we observed and compared the amount of bleeding between two groups. We recorded patient's uncomfortable symptoms which were divided into four groups each 6, 24, 48 hours after nasal packing. Results: The result of the bleeding amount of Air Tube $Merocel^{(R)}$ group after 6 hours of nasal packing is that 3 people belong to mild group, 38 people moderate group, and 9 people severe group. After 6 hours of nasal packing, 11 patients have no complains. 16 patients were mild, 21 patients were moderate, 2 patients were severe. After 24 hours of nasal packing, no complain(18 patients), mild(24 patients), moderate(6 patients), severe(0 patient). After 48 hours of nasal packing, no complain(25 patients), mild(20 patients), moderate(5 patients), severe(0 patient). Conclusion: Regarding the amount of bleeding, there are no difference between two groups. In case of Air Tube $Merocel^{(R)}$ group, patient's discomfort is gradually improved after 24 hours of nasal packing, After 48 hours of nasal packing, most of the patients do not experience headache, dry mouth, stuffiness, etc. Therefore, Air Tube $Merocel^{(R)}$ can be useful for bleeding control. Moreover, it helps patients to breathe through nose more easily and reduce discomfort.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.539-547
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• 2008

Apert syndrome은 관상봉합의 조기유합에 의한 첨두증(acrocephaly)과 합지증(syndactyly)이 함께 나타나는 선천성 유전 질환으로서, 1906년 Apert에 의해 보고된 증후군이다. 약 $65,000{\sim}160,000$ 당 1명꼴로 발생되며, FGFR2(fibroblast growth factor receptor 2)의 돌연변이로 생겨난다고 알려져 있고, 상염색체 우성 유전을 한다. 임상적으로 첨단두증(acrobrachycephaly)을 보이고, 특징적으로 손과 발의 합지증을 보이며, 높은 이마와 평평한 뒤통수, 후퇴된 중안면부, 안구돌출, 시력이상, 양안격리증, 밑으로 쳐진 안검열, 상악골 형성부전, 상대적인 하악 전돌의 양상 등을 보인다. 감소된 비강인두와 좁아진 후비공으로 인한 구호흡과 전방부 개교를 보이며, 이완시에 입술의 모양은 사다리꼴 형태를 보인다. 중이염이 흔하고, 청각장애를 유발하기도 하며, 정신지체가 높은 비율로 나타난다. 특징적인 구내소견으로 연구개열 또는 구개수열과 가성 경구개열, V자 모양의 악궁과 치열의 총생 등이 관찰되며, 전치부 개방교합과 구치부 교차교합을 동반한 Class III 부정교합을 보인다. 본 증례는 강릉대학교 치과병원 소아치과에 내원한 6세 3개월의 남아로 충치 치료를 받고 싶다는 것을 주소로 내원하였다. 이 환자에서 보이는 Apert syndrome의 특징적인 치과적 소견에 대해 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.195-204
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• 1977

Dynamic lung compliance was measured in healthy ten young[mean age, 26 years] male and five young[mean age, 25 years] female. Lung volume was integrated of the rate of flow signal which was obtained by using pneumotachograph and differential pressure transducer[PM 5, Statham]. Intrapleural pressure was measured as that of intraesophagel pressure. Esophageal ballon, 15. 5cm in length, 4ml of luminal capacity and made of thin latex, was connected to the polyethylene tube that had 12-14 side holes and was of 1.5mm of ID. Transpulmonary pressure was traced by means of differential pressure transducer[PM 131, Statham] to which connected the esophageal balloon catheter and connection tube from mouth piece. Lung volume and transpulmonary pressure were photographed by cathode ray oscilloscope camera while the subjects were breathing spontaneously. Dynamic lung compliance loop was displayed on single trace monitor and subtraction was performed for the quasi-static hysteresis. Dynamic lung compliance was measured, 1. by plotting the pressure-volume relationship 2. from the subtracted pressure-volume loop. Results were as follows. 1. Dynamic lung compliances measured by plotting of healthy young male and female were $0.202{\pm}0.06$ and $0.190{\pm}0.023L/cm$ $H_2O$ respectively. 2. When measured from subtraction loop, dynamic lung compliance for male and female were $0.327{\pm}0.107$, and $0.27{\pm}0.06L/cm$ $H_2O$ respectively. 3. Dynamic chest wall and total respiratory system compliance were also measured. 4. Dynamic lung compliance by plotting appeared to be essentially same when compared to that of static compliance reported previously from our laboratory, however, that obtained from subtraction loop revealed higher values than the compliances obtained by plotting and that of static compliance.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.298-302
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• 2014

8년령의 중성화된 잡종 수컷 고양이 (증례 1)와 3년령의 중성화된 샴 수컷 고양이 (증례 2)가 뒷다리 마비, 지속적인 개구호흡, 그리고 객혈 등을 주증으로 내원하였다. 심잡음 (증례 1)과 분마성심음 (증례 2)이 좌측 심저부에서 청진되었으며, 방사선 검사상 증례 1의 경우 폐포패턴을 동반한 심한 공기연하증이, 증례 2에서는 확연한 심비대가 확인되었다. 심초음파 검사에서 두 마리 고양이 모두에서 좌심실과 심실중격의 구심성 비대와 좌심방의 확장이 확인되었다. 심장 초음파를 포함한 검사를 바탕으로 본 환축은 고양이 심근비대증으로 진단되었으며, 신체검사와 복부 초음파 검사를 통하여 병발한 안장색전증을 확인하였다. 일반적인 치료를 통한 환축의 예후가 불량한 점을 감안하여, 직접적인 혈관내 혈전용해술이 시도되었다. 혈관조영술을 통하여 혈전의 위치와 크기를 확인 할 수 있었으나, 광범위한 색전증으로 인하여 중재적 시술을 이용한 혈전용해는 성공적이지 못했다.

• 대한한의진단학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.11-34
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• 2015

Objectives This study intends to present the writing of standardized medical records based on Korean medicine on the basis of Geum-gwe-yo-ryak symptoms. Methods 1. Excluding the sentences unrelated to the Geum-gwe-yo-ryak symptoms, the symptoms in the rest of sentences were extracted. 2. Classifying the extracted symptoms as per the review of system, the similar symptoms were integrated. 3. Calculating the frequencies of each symptom, each strain rate was calculated. 4. The above results were compared with the results of existing similar study on Sang-han-ron("傷寒論") symptoms Results Conclusion 1. Resulting from the analysis on all sentences in Geum-gwe-yo-ryak, a total of 1486 different symptoms were extracted. 2. As results out of total, the symptom related to the temperature sensation accounted for 12.4%, that related to sweat did 3.8%, that related to thirst did 3.8%, that related to edema did 3.4%, that related to musculoskeletal system did 6.9%, that related to breathing did 8.6%, that related to chest and hypochondrium did 6.2%, that related to abdomen did 9.5%, that related to digestive system did 9.6%, that related to stool did 6.4%, that related to urination and urinary system did 5.7%, that related to mouth, eye, ear, nose, throat did 5.3%, that related to skin did 4.5%, that related to language, mind, sleep and emotion did 6.7%. 3. Compared with Sang-han-ron, Edema appear only in Geum-gwe-yo-ryak. Therefore, edema may be a characteristic symptoms of miscellaneous disease.