• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.667-675
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• 2016

Nanoemulsions are actively used in several applications for pharmaceutical, cosmetic and chemical industries. In this study, we propose the use of microfluidizer known as high pressure homogenizer to prepare lipid nanoemulsion as a potent cosmetic delivery carrier. The lipid nanoemulsions were prepared by O/W emulsion with hydrogenated lecithin and different type of oils. Effects of oil type on the stability of the lipid nanoemulsion were investigated with Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Zeta-potential. Arbutin was used as model drug for transdermal administration through hairless mouse skin. Transdermal arbutin delivery using the lipid nanoemulsions was studied with HPLC method.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1979

The authors investigated the biodegradability and toxicity of polyoxyethylene-alkyl citric diester-triethanolamine(PAT), which is one of new non-ionic detergents. 1) The PAT is very biodegradable, which 50% is biodegraded for one day and 100% for eight days by the activated sludge treatment and 40% for one day and 93% for eight days by the aerobic domestic sewage treatment. 2) $LD_{50}$ of PAT for chicken, mouse, and rat by oral adminstration are 7.1g/kg, 8.4g/kg and 14.0g/kg reactively. 3) $TL_{m}$ of PAT for goldfish is 64.0mg/l in 24bours. 4) No reaction for humun skin is determined by PAT.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.956-960
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• 2011

The objective of this investigation was to develop nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) of tacrolimus by the hot homogenization technique by sonication. NLCs are commonly prepared by emulsification and lyophilization. The feasibility of fabricating tacrolimus-loaded NLCs was successfully demonstrated in this study. The developed NLCs were characterized in terms of their particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency (EE) of tacrolimus, and morphology. Studies were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the NLCs in improving the penetration rate through hairless mouse skin. Tacrolimus-loaded NLCs were found to have an average size of $123.4{\pm}0.3\;nm$, a zeta potential of $-24.3{\pm}6.2\;mV$, and an EE of 50%. In vitro penetration tests revealed that the tacrolimus-loaded NLCs have a penetration rate that is 1.64 times that of the commercial tacrolimus ointment, Protopic$^{(R)}$.

• Proceedings of the Korea Environmental Mutagen Society Conference
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• 2001.10b
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• pp.141-142
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• 2001

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.183-185
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• 2002

To investigate skin whitening natural substances, the effects on melanogenesis by measuring the tyrosinase activity and the melanin contents of three hydrolysable tannins, $1,2,6-tri-O-galloyl-{\beta}-D-glucose$ (1), 2,3-(S)-HHDP-D-glucose (2) and pedunculagin (3) in B16 melanoma cells were examined. $1,2,6-Tri-O-galloyl-{\beta}-D-glucose$ (1), 2,3-(S)-HHDP-D-glucose (2) and pedunculagin (3) inhibited tyrosinase activity in B16 melanoma cells in a dose-dependent manner.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.2 no.6
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• pp.595-605
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• 2018

The two-photon process of microscopy provides good spatial resolution and optical sectioning ability when observing quasi-static endogenous fluorescent tissue within an in vivo animal model skin. In order to extend the use of such systems, we developed a two-photon laser scanning microscopy system capable of also capturing $512{\times}512$ pixel images at 90 frames per second. This was made possible by incorporating a 72 facet polygon mirror which was mounted on a 55 kRPM motor to enhance the fast-scan axis speed in the horizontal direction. Using the enhanced temporal resolution of our high-speed two-photon laser scanning microscope, we show that rapid processes, such as fluorescently labeled erythrocytes moving in mouse blood flow at up to 1.2 mm/s, can be achieved.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.125.3-126
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• 2003

Effect of Compound-A, a phenylpropanoid isolated from Arctium lappa fruit, on heterologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (HPCA), the release of histamine, and Phospholipase $A_2$ (PLA2) and phosphadiesterase (PDE) activities were studied by the method of Levine and Vaz. Anti-serum was prepared from ovalbumin (OA)-sensitized male Balb/c mouse at two weeks after the last challenge of OA and alumina gel. Heterologous PCA test in rats were carried out to determine the contents of leakaged pigment in the dorsal skin 30 minutes after i.v. injection of 0.2 ml of 1 % OA and 1 % Evans blue mixture (1:1). (omitted)

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.165-173
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• 2014

Objectives : Platycodon Root is frequently used in traditional medicine to treat inflammatory diseases of the throat. The purpose of this study was to characterize the effect of the EtOH extract of fermented Platycodon grandiflorum on the ameliorative effects on the Antipruritic Effect of atopic dermatitis mouse model induced by compound 48/80 and ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic responses in mice. Methods : In the present study, we examined the anti allergic effect of Platycodon grandiflorum (PR) and its fermented production (FPR) in several mouse model. We measured acute ear edema in a mouse model caused by TPA and consecutively histological change of Ear tissue was observed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. and also Scratching behaviors by compound 48/80 was investigated. The levels of allergic mediators such as immunoglobulin (Ig) E, and anti-oxidant markers such as SOD and MDA in the sera of OVA induced allergic mice were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results : FPR inhibited compoud 48/80-induced scratching behavior in mice, as well as acetic acid-induced writhing in mice. The anti-scratching behavioral effect of FPR was more potent than PR. FPR extract significantly decreased the serum levels of IgE and MDA compared with those of OVA control group. Conclusions : These results indicate that Anti allergic effect of Platycodon grandiflorum is enhanced by fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisae and FPR may be useful for protection from the itching reactions, which are IgE-mediated representative skin allergic diseases.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.75-83
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• 2008

We propose a welfare interface using multiple fecial features tracking, which can efficiently implement various mouse operations. The proposed system consist of five modules: face detection, eye detection, mouth detection, facial feature tracking, and mouse control. The facial region is first obtained using skin-color model and connected-component analysis(CCs). Thereafter the eye regions are localized using neutral network(NN)-based texture classifier that discriminates the facial region into eye class and non-eye class, and then mouth region is localized using edge detector. Once eye and mouth regions are localized they are continuously and correctly tracking by mean-shift algorithm and template matching, respectively. Based on the tracking results, mouse operations such as movement or click are implemented. To assess the validity of the proposed system, it was applied to the interface system for web browser and was tested on a group of 25 users. The results show that our system have the accuracy of 99% and process more than 21 frame/sec on PC for the $320{\times}240$ size input image, as such it can supply a user-friendly and convenient access to a computer in real-time operation.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.23 no.12
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• pp.1495-1500
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-melanogenic effects of Hizikia fusiforme (HF) fractions in ${\alpha}$-melanocyte stimulating hormone-induced B16F10 mouse melanoma cells. Ethanol extractions of Hizikia fusiforme (EEHF) were subjected to fraction by using dichloromethane (CFHF), ethyl acetate (EAFHF), butanol (BFHF), and water (WFHF). EEHF, CFHF, and EAFHF inhibited tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. The melanin contents were inhibited by 40.5% and 33.2% in response to treatment with 50 ${\mu}g/ml$ of EEHF and CFHF, respectively. In addition, tyrosinase activities showed a 53.3% and 54.1% reduction in treatment with 50 ${\mu}g/ml$ of EEHF and CFHF. Western blotting analysis showed that EEHF, CFHF, and EAFHF inhibited tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, and MITF expression in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, these findings indicate that ethanol and dichloromethane fractions of Hizikia fusiforme, which inhibit melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity, are effective skin-whitening agents.