• 대한감각통합치료학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.36-45
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• 2021

목적 : 본 연구는 발달지연의 아동을 대상으로 과제지향의 중재를 사용하여 시-운동 협응과 소운동 협응 기능의 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 연구대상은 6세의 여아 1명이었다. 아동은 진단은 받지 않았으나 전반적인 기능에 발달지연을 보였다. 연구기간은 2021년 2월 5일부터 6월 4일까지이었고, 연구 설계는 단일대상연구 A-B를 사용하였다. 기초선 A는 초기 3회기로 아동의 기능 파악을 위해 초기평가를 하였다. 중재기 B는 12회기로 과제지향의 중재(task-oriented intervention)를 사용하였다. 기초선과 중재기에 동일하게 아동의 시-운동 협응 기능을 측정하기 위해 한국판 시지각발달검사 3판의 타원그리기를 실시하였고, 소운동 협응 기능을 측정하기 위해 Clinical Observation of Motor and Postural Skills(COMPS)의 손가락-코 짚기를 실시하였다. 회기별 변화도는 그림으로 제시하였다. 결과 : 한국판 시지각발달검사 3판의 타원그리기의 기초선 평균은 23점이었고, 중재기 평균은 39.66점으로 기초선에 비해 중재기의 평균이 16점 이상 향상되었다. COMPS의 손가락-코 짚기의 기초선 평균은 0점이었고, 중재기 평균은 5.08점으로 기초선에 비해 중재기의 평균이 5점 이상 향상되었다. 결론 : 취학 전의 발달지연아동에게 과제지향의 중재는 아동의 학습에 바탕이 되는 시-운동 협응과 소운동 협응 기능에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 보인다.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.127-134
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• 2004

In this paper, human motor behaving model based sensory motor coordination(SMC) algorithm is implemented on robotic grasping task. Compare to conventional SMC models which connect sensor to motor directly, the proposed method used biologically inspired human behaving system in conjunction with SMC algorithm for fast grasping force control of robot arm. To characterize various grasping objects, pressure sensors on hand gripper were used. Measured sensory data are simultaneously transferred to perceptual mechanism(PM) and long term memory(LTM), and then the sensory information is forwarded to the fastest channel among several information-processing flows in human motor system. In this model, two motor learning routes are proposed. One of the route uses PM and the other uses short term memory(STM) and LTM structure. Through motor learning procedure, successful information is transferred from STM to LTM. Also, LTM data are used for next moor plan as reference information. STM is designed to single layered perception neural network to generate fast motor plan and receive required data which comes from LTM. Experimental results showed that proposed method can control of the grasping force adaptable to various shapes and types of greasing objects, and also it showed quicker grasping-behavior lumining time compare to simple feedback system.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.244-251
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• 2017

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of pharmacological treatments for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on motor coordination, using the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ). Methods: The participants were recruited from April 2015 to November 2016 from the Department of Psychiatry of Asan Medical Center and were treated for 3 months with methylphenidate or atomoxetine. The illness severity at baseline and 3 months were scored using the ADHD Rating Scale (ARS), Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale (CGI-S) and/or Clinical Global Impression-Improvement Scale (CGI-I). A total of 39 children with ADHD (age $8.0{\pm}1.4years$, 36 boys) completed the Advanced Test of Attention (ATA) and their parents completed the DCDQ at baseline and 3 months. The paired t-test, mixed between-within analysis of variance and correlation analysis were used. Results: The CGI-S (p<0.001), ARS (p<0.001), and fine motor/hand writing (p=0.005) on the DCDQ were significantly changed between pre-treatment and post-treatment. When the participants were divided into those who were suspected of having developmental coordination disorder (DCD) (n=23) and those who probably did not (n=16), the control during movement, fine motor/hand writing and general coordination scores on the DCDQ showed the main effects for group (p<0.001, p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). The fine motor/hand writing on the DCDQ has a significant main effect for time [F(1,37)=7.31, p=0.010, ${\eta}^2=0.405$] and the interaction effect between group and time was also significant [F(1,37)=4.63, p=0.038, ${\eta}^2=0.111$]. The baseline visual commission error on the ATA is significantly correlated with the changes in the DCDQ total scores (r=0.330, p=0.040). Conclusion: Our results provide preliminary evidence that pharmacological treatment for ADHD improves not only the core symptoms of ADHD, but also the motor coordination. Further studies are needed to confirm the effect of the pharmacological treatment for ADHD on the motor coordination.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2015

Purpose: This study investigated the relationships of handwriting legibility and perceptual-motor skills, and handwriting speed and perceptual-motor skills. And identified the predictors that most affect the handwriting of preschool children. Methods: Twenty-three typically developing preschool aged children (mean age: 68.61 months, SD=2.04) were selected through the Korean-Denver Developmental Screening Test-2(K-DDST-2). The children were tested with regard to handwriting legibility, visual perception, visual-motor integration and fine-motor coordination. Results: First, a significant relationship was not found among handwriting legibility, visual perception, visual-motor integration and fine-motor coordination. Second, a significant relationship was found among handwriting speed, visual perception and fine-motor coordination. Third, stepwise multiple regression analyses showed that general visual perception were significant predictors for handwriting speed. Conclusion: Occupational therapists should evaluate children's visual perception levels utilizing a standardized test, and focus on general visual perception in order to improve handwriting skill(speed). Also, occupational therapists are expected to play an important role in the management and treatment of children's handwriting skills.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.1781-1790
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• 2016

This study focuses on the coordination control problem of multiple electrical excited synchronous motor systems. A robust coordination controller is designed on the basis of cross coupling and an interval matrix. The proposed control strategy can deal with load uncertainty. In addition, the proposed control strategy is applied to a high-power metal-rolling system. Simulation and experiment results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy achieves good dynamic and static performance. It also shows better coordination performance than traditional proportional-integral controllers.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.253-256
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• 1999

The influence of essential oils from aboriginal softwoods as Pinus densiflora, Pinus koraiensis, Chamaecyparis obtusa and Chamaecyparis pisifera on the motor coordination, pulse, mean blood artery pressure and pain reducing test was investigated in mice and rats. The motor coordination of mouse was not induced by the inhalation of each oil. Furthermore, these oils did not alter the changes of the mean blood pressure and pulse rate. Chamaecyparis pisifera trand to reduce the mean blood pressure. The abdominal pain induced by acetic acid was reduced only by an essential oil from Pinus koraiensis in mouse.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.149-154
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• 2015

본 연구는 지적장애아동들이 가상현실을 기반으로 한 기능성 게임에 참여하는 과정에서 행동 및 운동수행능력에 어떠한 변화가 보이는지 분석하는데 그 목적이 있다. 본 연구는 지적장애아동 5명을 대상으로 주 2회, 16주간 프로그램을 진행하였다. 그 결과 가상현실을 기반으로 한 기능성 게임에 참여한 지적장애아동은 주의집중, 안정된 움직임, 자신감있는 동작 등과 같은 행동의 변화를 보였으며, 운동수행능력의 경우 하위영역 - 정적 협응, 손동작 협응, 일반동작 협응, 운동속도, 동시적 자발동작, 단일 동작 수행능력- 모두에서 긍정적 변화를 나타냈다. 이와 같은 연구 결과를 바탕으로 가상현실을 기반으로 한 기능성 게임을 체계적이고 규칙적으로 적용하게 되면 지적장애인의 행동변화와 운동수행능력에 긍정적 효과를 가져올 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.77-82
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• 1994

We investigated the characteristic of the sensory motor coordination by measuring the hand point ins and the gaze movement to the visual and sound stimulation. Our results showed that the gaze vol ocity to sound stimulation did not depend on stimulation direction, but lagged behind 0.2 sec toward the pheriperal direction to the visual stimulation. Our data showed that to both visual and sound stimulation, the error of hand pointing value increased with an increasement of eccentricity.

• 대한감각통합치료학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.24-34
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• 2023

목적 : 본 연구를 통하여 발달장애 아동에게 적용한 전정감각, 고유감각 중심의 감각통합 중재가 공간 지각력, 시-운동 협응력에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 한다. 연구방법 : 본 연구는 발달 장애 아동 만 5~6세 아동 3명을 대상으로 개별실험연구방법(single subject research design) 중 ABA' 설계를 사용하였다. 매주 3회기씩 6주간 30분씩 총 18회기를 진행하였다. 기초선 3회기와 재기초선 3회기는 중재 없이 공간 지각력과 시-운동 협응을 평가하였고 중재기 12회기는 전정감각, 고유감각 위주 감각통합 중재를 실시하였다. 중재의 효과를 알아보기 위한 매회기 측정으로는 전산화 인지 프로그램(CoTras-C)을 이용하였으며, 공간지각력 평가를 위한 퍼즐하기, 시-운동 평가를 위한 미로 찾기를 실시하였다. 연구의 사전, 및 사후 평가는 카우프만 아동용 지능 검사(Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children; K-ABC II)와 한국판 시지각 발달 검사(Korean-Developmental Test of Visual Perception-2: K-DTVP-2)의 하위평가를 이용하였다. 결과 : 발달장애 아동에게 전정감각, 고유감각 중심의 감각통합중재를 적용하기 전보다 후에 공간지각력과 시-운동 협응력 점수에 유의한 차이가 있었고, 세 아동 모두 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 결론 : 전정, 고유감각 중심의 감각통합 치료가 발달장애 아동의 공간지각력과 시-운동 협응력에 유의미한 영향을 미쳤다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2002

We report the reorganization of motor network resulted from intensive unilateral coordination training and the effect of cross education on the untrained side in patient with traumatic brain injury using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). A 22 year-old male patient who had suffered from diffuse axonal injury for 58 months showed coordination deficit in the left hand at initial examination. Intensive motor training including complex finger movements and coordination activities using a metronome was introduced to the patient 4 hours per day for a week. FMRI was performed on a 3T ISOL Forte scanner. All functional images were analyzed using SPM-99 software. Hand function was improved after training not only in the trained left hand, but also in the untrained right hand. There was no activation in the right primary motor area (M1) during left hand movement before training whereas robust activation of left M1 was demonstrated by the right hand movement. Profuse activation of bilateral prefrontal lobes was seen during both hand movements before training. After training of left hand, right M1 became prominently activated during the left hand motion. The activation of bilateral prefrontal lobes disappeared after training not only for the left hand movement but also for the right, which clearly demonstrated the effect of cross education. This case report demonstrated the learning-dependent reorganization of the M1 and the effect of cross education.