• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2000.07d
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• pp.2392-2394
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• 2000

In this research a real time control system was developed without program codings during control system designing procedures. On the Simulink window control system is designed in the form of block diagrams, program codes are produced automatically with the real time workshop package(RTW), then c compiler compiles the program codes. With this automatic real time program producing mechanism rapid prototyping is realized. To show effectiveness of the proposed designing scheme a DSP-based induction motor vector control system was constructed and implemented

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1995.07b
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• pp.758-760
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• 1995

The purpose of noise cancellation is to estimating signals corrupted by additive noise or interference. In this paper, an adaptive noise canceller is built from a Walsh filter with a new adaptive algorithm. The Walsh filter consists of a Walsh function. Since the Walsh functions are either even or odd functions, the covariance matrix in the tap gain adjustment algorithm can be reduced to a simple form. In this paper, minimization of the mean squre error is accomplished by a proposed adaptive algorithm. The conventional adaptation techniques use a fixed time constant convergence factor by trial and error methods. In this paper, a convergence factor is obtained that is tailored for each adaptive filter coefficient and is updated at each block iteration.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.06e
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• pp.135-138
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• 2001

This paper presents micro step driving method using VHDL(Very high speed integrated circuit Hardware Description Language) which can configure CPLD(Complex Programmable Logic Device). Using VHDL which can do abstractive programming is similar to high level language. The whole block divided into five parts with freq. divide part, saw-tooth wave generation part, sine-cosine wave generation part, comparative part, out part. In the result of this study, peripheral circuits are to be simple and using LPM(Library of Parameterized Modules) is more easily to configure circuit. It is easy to verify and implement by using VHDL. To subdivide one natural step, we confirm that using micro step driver is expected that the rotor motion is stepless very smooth.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.384-389
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• 2010

Workers maintaining at the railroad trackside may collide with the train since they cannot recognize the train approaching because of the sensory block phenomenon occurred due to their long hours of continued monotonous maintenance work. To reduce these casualty accidents of maintenance workers working at the trackside of railroad, we developed the wireless communication-based safety equipment for preventing accidents. The motor-cars for maintaining trackside facility have unique operational patterns suitable for urban environment. The several mechanism for developed safety equipment are represented in this paper.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.141-147
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• 2008

This study was aimed to develop an instrument for real-time measurement of fluid conductance and to investigate the hydrodynamics of dentinal fluid. The instrument consisted of three parts; (1) a glass capillary and a photo sensor for detection of fluid movement, (2) a servo-motor, a lead screw and a ball nut for tracking of fluid movement, (3) a rotary encoder and software for data processing. To observe the blocking effect of dentinal fluid movement, oxalate gel and self-etch adhesive agent were used. BisBlock (Bisco) and Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray) were applied to the occlusal dentin surface of extracted human teeth. Using this new device, the fluid movement was measured and compared between before and after each agent was applied. The instrument was able to measure dentinal fluid movement with a high resolution (0.196 nL) and the flow occurred with a rate of 0.84 to 15.2 nL/s before treatment. After BisBlock or Clearfil SE Bond was used, the fluid movement was decreased by 39.8 to 89.6%.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.39-42
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• 2005

Background: Besides its general anesthetic effect, ketamine interacts with sodium channels in a local anesthetic-like fashion, including the sharing of binding sites with those commonly used by clinical local anesthetics. This study evaluated the dose related effects of ketamine during epidural anesthesia with 0.5% ropivacaine. Methods: Sixty ASA physical status I II patients, scheduled for minor elective surgery under epidural anesthesia using 0.5% ropivacaine, were randomly divided into three groups (n = 20 each). The patients initially received either 0.5% ropivacaine (group 1), ketamine (0.1 mg/kg) in addition to the epidural 0.5% ropivacaine (group 2) or ketamine (0.2 mg/kg) in addition to the epidural 0.5% ropivacaine (group 3). The regression of sensory block was assessed by transcutaneous electric stimulation (TES), equivalent to a surgical incision. Motor block was assessed using the Modified Bromage's scale. Episodes of bradycardia, hypotension and sedation were also recorded. Results: There were no significant differences among the three groups in the maximal levels of sensory block or the times taken for these levels to be reached. The mean times for the block to regress to two and four segments below the maximal level were significantly prolonged by epidural ketamine. Conclusions: Epidural ketamine prolongs the duration of ropivacaine epidural anesthesia. These results suggest that ketamine has local anesthetic-like actions.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.165-173
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• 1998

Objectives：This study was conducted to compare the cognitive characteristics and visual-motor coordination ability of children with Asperger’s disorder and with those of children with PDD NOS. Methods：27 children(13 in AS group and 14 in PDD NOS group) were individually assessed using the K-WISC and BGT, and the results of those tests were analyzed. Results：The mean FSIQ of the AS group was significantly higher than that of the PDD NOS group. There was also a large discrepancy between VIQ and PIQ in the PDD NOS, while there was not significant discrepancy in the AS. The AS was distinguished from PDD NOS group by significantly higher scores in Vocabulary and Comprehension subscales and lower score in Block design. Also, when compared with the PDD NOS, the AS showed more difficulties in visual-motor coordination. Conclusion：The AS showed relatively good verbal and learning ability, while the PDD NOS relatively superior ability in visuospatial function and visual-motor coordination. The findings indicated that the K-WISC and BGT might be useful assessment tool to differentiate the AS from PDD NOS.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.33-45
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• 2014

Objective : We tested the effect of mirror treatment on patients with and without unilateral neglect over a period of 4 weeks. We also wanted to know the effect of mirror treatment with regards to improving upper extremity function and dealing with activities of daily living. Methods : Subjects were 10 hemiplegia patients with unilateral neglect and 10 hemiplegia patients without unilateral neglect. They visited the department of occupational therapy. We performed mirror treatment for 30 minutes, 5 times a week for 4 weeks. We used Albert Test to compare our results from before and after the treatment, Fugl-Meyer motor function Assessment(FMA) and Box & Block Test(BBT) for upper extremity function, and Functional Independence Measure(FIM) for activities of daily living. Results : The results showed that mirror treatment had an effect on stroke patients with unilateral neglect. The treatment also had an effect on upper extremity function and activities of daily living regardless of unilateral neglect. Conclusion : The mirror treatment showed improvements on upper extremity function and activities of daily life as well as a reduction in the unilateral neglect after a stroke. In conclusion, the mirror treatment is useful for recovering function and improvement and for helping the patients complete activities of daily living.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.63-77
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• 2018

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of task-oriented training with functional electrical stimulation on hand function in incomplete cervical cord injury. Method : The subjects of the study were 3 adults diagnosed as incomplete cervical cord injury. The design of this study was ABA single-subject research design to compare dominant hand function of before and after intervention and detect individual effects. The experiment consisted of 30sessions, in which baseline process A1 and A2 were implemented 5 sessions each for 10sessions. Intervention B was implemented 20 sessions. The dependent variable was converted to the change of hand function every session, and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test(JTHFT), Wolf Motor Function Test(WMFT) were selected for outcome measurements. Result analysis was suggested through visual analysis using a graph and comparison of pre, post and follow-up intervention measurements. Results : As a result, the quality and quantity of dominant hand function increased during intervention B compared to the baseline A1 for all subjects. Baseline A2 was also maintained without training. Additionally, JTHFT, WMFT and COPM scores demonstrated improvement and maintain. The follow up JTHFT and WMFT showed increased required time on all subjects and decrease or maintain task performance and satisfaction in COPM. Conclusion : The task-oriented training with function electrical stimulation in this study has been positive effects on hand function and task performance and satisfaction.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.66-71
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• 1989

It has been standard practice in many institutions to use a combination of a light general anesthesia and an epidural block for lower abdominal and pelvic surgery. This combination of a balanced anesthesia can provide various benefits to the patient such as less bleeding in the surgical field, the use of a lower concentration of general anesthetics, less muscle relaxant, and post operative pain management. However, there are several problems associated with hemodynamics such as bradycardia and hypotension etc. In order to block the pain of the high surgical area with a lumbar epidural puncture postoperatively, a large volume of local anesthetic is required and consequently an extensive blockade of sympathetic, sensory and motor functions can occur causing motor weakness, numbness and postural hypotension. Therefore, the patient is unable to have early ambulation postoperatively. In this study, thoracic epidural catheterization was undertaken to locate the tip of the catheter exactly at the surgical level for upper abdominal surgery, and was followed by general anesthesia. Twenty-one patients scheduled for upper abdominal surgery were selected. Fifteen of them had hepatobiliary operations and the remaining 6 had gastrectomies. Thoracic epidural punctures were performed mostly at T9-T10 (57.1%) and T8-T9. Neuromuscular blocking agents were not used in half of the cases and the, mean doses of relaxant were $3.5{\pm}1.0mg$ in gastrectomies, and $2.7{\pm}0.9mg$ in cases of hepatobiliary operation. Epidural morphine was injected 1 hour before the end of the operation for postoperative pain control. Eight patients did not require additional analgesics and the mean dose of epidural morphine was $2.2{\pm}0.9mg$, and 13 cases were given 0.125% epidural bupivacaine when patients complained of pain. Their initial doses of epidural morphine were $1.9{\pm}0.4mg$ and the mean duration of bupivacaine was 6 hours 20 minutes${\pm}40$ minutes. In conclusion. thoracic epidural analgesia is valuable to reduce postoperative pain in patients with upper abdominal surgery, However, it is not easy to maintain this balanced anesthesia with high epidural analgesia-and light general anesthesia for upper abdominal surgery because of marked hemodynamic changes. Therefore, further practice will be required.